Keyword: Project manager, …show more content…
These work motivation theories can be divided mainly into two categories: Content theories focus on individual need (Hierarchy of needs; ERG theory; three needs theory; two factor theory), and Process theories define motivation in terms of a rational cognitive process (equity theory; expectancy theory; goal setting theory; reinforcement theory.) (Fey, 2005)
Most motivation theories do not contradict each other, but instead typically complement each other (Fey, 2005). Some theorists have found it more useful to concentrate on physiological aspects, whilst some stress the behavioral aspects and others the rationality of human beings (Pinder, 1998). For project managers both categories are important because their individual needs and their rational cognitive processes are important for their work motivation.
Through these theories, we know that work motivation has been characterized by dimensions such as secured and interesting job, ability to perform the job, recognition from superiors and colleagues, adequate pay, and feedback on performance (Dwivedula & Bredillet,