Cruelty In Arthur Miller's Death Of A Salesman

Improved Essays
A Harsh Necessity
Cruelty, including unintentional cruelty, can reveal things about a character’s situation and motivate their actions. Even social concepts such as the American Dream can be a form of cruelty, causing despair when a person or family cannot meet those ideals. Examples of this can be found in the play Death of a Salesman, where acts of unintentional cruelty drive the story forward, and where the ideals of the American Dream prove to do more harm than good. It can be argued that most of the cruelty witnessed in Death of a Salesman is unintentional. Aside from Willy’s actions, which could be considered more complicated because of his mental instability, Biff’s decision to leave home and Howard firing Willy from his job can also be considered unintentionally cruel. Though Biff
…show more content…
A social ideal, such as the American Dream, can be harsh as well. A family may maintain a façade of happiness and normality in order to fit into a society where anything against the norm is frowned upon. The American Dream is based upon “that dream of a land in which life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement” (Adams, 308). However, not everyone does have the same opportunities presented to them, as Biff experiences when he is away from home and cannot make enough money to bring home to his parents. Unfortunately, his parents do not realize this, and misinterpret his lack of success as him not working hard enough. Though cruelty causes despair and distress in others, it can be an opportunity to advance. It became a crucial device for Biff especially, and influenced his character greatly. The cruelty of an ideal can put stress on an entire household as well, as they strive for a normality that seems nearly unattainable with their current family dynamic. The concept of cruelty overall seems bittersweet; though someone may be

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    Cruelty in “The Road” What is cruelty? Cruelty is feeling indifferent to the suffering of others. Throughout Cormac McCarthy’s The Road, each antagonist the man and the boy encounter share a variety of traits that are commonly found in sociopaths; such as lack of remorse, lack of empathy, shallow emotions and cruelty. Throughout the world in which The Road takes place, cruelty has evolved from its basic sociopathic trait into second nature for survivors in this post-apocalyptic environment.…

    • 1049 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    I believe that the “psychiatric” approach to the play will hurt us more than help with our understanding of tragedy. If we look at all the other protagonists in other plays, we could all technically say that they all have a mental illness and stop looking for any other possible deeper meanings. This approach can help us understand why Willy talks to imaginary people, however this is a lazy approach to understanding about the story and other problems and characters in the story like Biff. Although I don’t think that a diagnosis will solve all the problems in the story, I think it will at least alleviate the issues.…

    • 242 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Fred Ribkoff Guilt

    • 1322 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Fred Ribkoff's article, Shame, Guilt, Empathy, and the search for Identity In Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman, critically analyzes the relation between guilt, shame, and identity through the main characters, Willy and Biff. Ribkoff states that in order to understand the tragedy and crisis within the Loman household, the relation between willy and biff's shame and guilt must be understood. Ribkoff fails to understand the true meaning of Biff's wrongful acts, stating that he feels shame and holds the need to "prove oneself to others" and that he longs for empathy from his father. In addition, Ribkoff ignores the significance of Willy's flashbacks, arguing that he never understood Biff's pain and never came into terms with his own shame.…

    • 1322 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Because Willy blindly tries to pursuing his dream, he does not only create a lot of hardship for his family, but also give a lot of inappropriate education to his sons. Although Willy questions about whether “[he is] teaching them right”, Willy ensures that there is nothing wrong about being well-loved and successful. As the result, Biff and Happy both receive a lot of twisted and inappropriate education. Willy tells Biff not to pay any effort on education since Biff’s good appearance will make him “five times ahead of [Bernard]” who studies really hard in school. Willy also gives Biff the wrong idea of well-liked.…

    • 1061 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Willy Loman Outline

    • 1071 Words
    • 5 Pages

    2. Betrayal - One of Willy’s biggest obsessions throughout the play is Biff. Willy feels as if Biff has shown large amounts of betrayal. Biff promises a great deal of dedication and commitment to his father. He expected so much from…

    • 1071 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Deception of a Salesman In Arthur Miller’s play, Death of a Salesman, the Lomans are all unsatisfied with what their lives have become. They deceive themselves as a means to escape the constant reminders of their failures. By the end of the play, and unfortunately hours before Willy’s suicide, Biff is the only one in the family who becomes self-aware. Willy Loman is by far the most self-deceiving character in the family.…

    • 1638 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Biff's Morality

    • 1289 Words
    • 6 Pages

    This essay will help determine which character has the greatest morality in Death of a Salesman. Biff Loman has the most morality out of any character in Death of a Salesman, and in a big way. He prevented Willy from harming himself with the rubber pipe, he harbored Willy’s affair from Linda to protect their marriage, and finally confessed everything to Willy to get back in his good graces. Biff’s actions probably helped keep Willy alive a few more days and kept Linda and Willy’s marriage alive after the affair. Even though Biff did have some low moments, the other characters did little to nothing to prove they had any more morality than Biff and helped prove that Biff has the most morality.…

    • 1289 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Willy’s death is avoidable. He fills himself with imaginary thoughts that are distinctively different from the world of realities. He lives in a wishful world rather than focusing on the present situations. This is illustrated by his desire to give in to the pressures of modern America, characterized by material things such as new appliances. Willy’s proud and selfish nature largely contributed to his ultimate death as well, as he cannot accept his failures.…

    • 1134 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Trifles Play Consequences

    • 1157 Words
    • 5 Pages

    The Consequences of Uncontrolled Emotions The plays Trifles by Susan Glaspell, Oedipus the King by Sophocles and Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller all illustrate how the lack of control of emotions not only cause the of ruining relationships, but can also cause self-harm or death and can cause the destruction of personal reputation. When reading these plays, the reader sees how detrimental negative emotions can be when it comes to the well-being of themselves and others that are in their lives. The reader is given good examples of cause and effect of how emotions can ruin a person’s life based off of how they are controlled. As humans, we all have emotions, and sometimes we are given challenges to test our emotional control, however,…

    • 1157 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Specifically, Biff, is the main target of his father’s criticism. When Linda accuses Willy of losing his temper with Biff, Willy states that “he simply asked [him] if he was making…

    • 1174 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In Arthur Millar’s tragic play Death of a Salesman, Willy expresses himself as a character that struggles with internal conflicts. Willy often has confrontations with his oldest son Biff throughout the play, but most of this character’s toil comes from his own inner conscious. Through Willy’s experiences in the plot of the work an inner turmoil is created and consequently lead to his demise by the end of the play. When analyzing the play, the reader can see Willy shapes the drama with the internal conflicts that he faces despite being an overall flat and unchanging character. The nature of internal conflict is explored throughout the play though Willy’s ideals, his memories controlling his everyday life, and the ghost of his dead brother haunting…

    • 1159 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Likewise, Biff feels that Willy has betrayed the whole family because of the other woman he has been having an affair with. Biff looks up to Willy as a father figure, while growing up his greatest influence was Willy, and he thought that Willy could do anything. His father established a good image for himself, but when Biff found out the truth, he knew that his father has betrayed the family and has lied to him. Since Biff and Willy are always getting into confrontations, Biff expresses to his mother what he really thinks of his father. “Because I know he’s a fake and he doesn’t like anybody around who knows!”(42).…

    • 1941 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    “Death of a Salesman” is one of the most important plays in Twentieth Century American Theatre. Arthur Miller creates tragedies that are easily relatable for Americans. For instance, his play “Death of a Salesman” uses the idea of a dysfunctional family through out to support its plot. The play is centered around its protagonist, Willy Loman. Willy is a salesman, but also an old man, and from the title of the play the readers of the play can easily conclude what happens to him by the end of the play.…

    • 787 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Sometimes the people we think are helping us the most are actually making our problems worse. This holds true in Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman. Willy Loman is an extroverted and secretly self-loathing salesman who is struggling with a dysfunctional family and mounting mental illness. His wife, Linda Loman, is the one person he knows will always love him. She makes him feel better by telling him what he wants to hear.…

    • 1288 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Although Willy loves his sons dearly, he is unable to get loved by them. When Biff calls Willy a “phony little fake” (Miller 121), Willy can not restrain that memory. He is not able to bear the fact that he is alone responsible for his son’s failure. “Depressed people have a tendency to blame themselves for the bad things that happen to them” (Silverstein 63). Willy is also in this state of guilt.…

    • 1127 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays