Industrial Revolutions In Europe In The 19th Century

In the 19th century, advances in technology, resulting from the first and second Industrial Revolutions, affected Europe through innovations in economical, agricultural and demographic areas of society; therefore these advances in technology brought about changes in Europe to the extent that society could not remain the same.
The two Industrial Revolutions brought about new technology to support the building of new machines and the creation of factories. Developments in farming and agricultural uses, like the seed drill and the improved three-field system made farming more efficient, resulting in a greater abundance of food. The seed drill planted seeds in the ground automatically, decreasing the required manual labor for farmers. Furthermore Charles Townshend, who discovered that planting turnips as part of crop …show more content…
Turnips were used as a source of nutrients for both the soil and the people. The inventions of the steam engine and railroads were used to transport people and goods, such as coal and iron, between cities that brought about new, economical growing industries. The increase of factories in cities, resulted in the growth of urbanization with the enclosure movement, where wealthy landowners forced owners of small farms to move to the cities, with their families, and become factory workers. The quality of products became standardized due to the fact that now they were manufactured by new machines in factories, not individually handcrafted. Additional studies and advances in science, such as the discovery of electricity, enabled European society to furthermore improve on the technological growth from the first Industrial Revolution. The second Industrial Revolution, building upon the technological growth with new discoveries in science, made products more efficient, and changed society to adapt for its commercial use. The invention of the steam turbine was more efficient than the earlier