Beck and Freeman (1990) provided a comprehensive analysis of the core beliefs that are likely to be characteristic of different personality disorders. For example, a paranoid person’s core belief is “Everyone is against me”; a narcissistic person’s core belief is “I am special.” In each personality disorder there would be related views of the self and of others. Thus, the dependent person (whose core belief is “I am helpless”) would have a view of him or herself as incompetent, needy, and weak and of others as superior and potentially nurturing. Beck (1996) argued that cognitive, affective, and behavioral schema seem to be organized into larger, integrated networks, it would be useful to introduce a new construct, that of the mode. Wherein,
