Following the First Battle of Bull Run, operations in the east reached a stalemate. In February of 1862, Under Ulysses S. Grant, the Union captured Fort Henry. This victory secured the lower half of the Tennessee River. On April 6, the Confederate army, lead by P.G.T Beauregard launched an attack on the Union militia. This was known as the Battle of Shiloh.…
This tension puts a strain on Lincoln’s presidency, as well as his reputation. The Union corners the Confederacy in the Petersburg, Virginia. General Robert E. Lee leads to the Confederacy in search of North Carolina, where the troops could escape the Union persecution. Lee and his troops finally escape the eight-day barricade performed by the Union soldiers. The Confederacy stomps towards the Carolinas, but the march comes to a complete stop when the supplies become limited and the troops become malnourished.…
Prior to the fall of Charleston, General Lincoln was unable to conduct a southern campaign to defend the ever important state of South Carolina.6 General Lincoln made several omissions to his own inability to command a large army and his inability to properly manage a major campaign and blamed it on his lack of command experience.7 He expressed his concerns to both Congress and General Washington, but they in turn blamed General Lincoln for not seeing the bigger picture to the purpose of the campaign and taking in the consideration and interest of the state of South Carolina.8 in addition to General Lincoln’s inability to wage a proper campaign, both the Congress and the state of South Carolina failed to raise and supply General Lincoln with an adequate number to troops to defend the state and its important ports that the British sought to capture.9 With the mix of General Lincoln’s shortcomings and the lack of proper troop support from both Congress and the state of South Carolina created a perfect storm for a long siege of…
On this day in 1862, Confederate General Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia repulses a series of attacks by General Ambrose Burnside’s Army of the Potomac at Fredericksburg, Virginia. The defeat was one of the most decisive loses for the Union army, and it dealt a serious blow to Northern morale in the winter of 1862-63. Burnside assumed command of the Army of the Potomac in November 1862 after George McClellan failed to pursue Lee into Virginia following the Battle of Antietam in Maryland on September 17. Burnside immediately crafted a plan to move against the Confederate capital at Richmond, Virginia.…
Throughout the course of his book, Crossroads of Freedom: Antietam, James McPherson examines not only the events that occurred on September 17, 1862, but he also outlines the causes and explanations for the American Civil War. Firstly, McPherson emphasizes the role that slavery played in causing the war and he shares details regarding the outcomes and results of this historic battle. McPherson’s second main objective of this book is to highlight how tentative General McClellan was over the course of the war. General McClellan was too cautious in engaging the Confederate Army even when he had the captured plans of General Lee.…
Every person in the United States has heard about Abraham Lincoln and his presidency. Most young children know him due to his famous hat, and President Lincoln has a vast history that is worthy of telling. The artifact that was chosen, which is the Lincoln-Johnson Civil War Period Campaign Flag has an extensive history, and background information will be presented about the two candidates along with an explanation of the particular artifact and what importance it holds in terms of the election and history. President Lincoln was a monumental figure in our history, and he helped set the foundation for years to come.…
McClellan, was published in War of the Rebellion: The Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies. This letter set out an example of what the war should really be about; it states, “it should not be at all a war upon population, but against armed forces and political organizations.” This article helps explain what the war was really about and what the troops should be focusing on and what they should ignore. Events that were occurring in the country, depending on the severity, such as abolishing slavery, should be left to civilian life and not be worried about when they are on active duty. It expressed the importance of military protection, especially amongst slaves.…
Tried by War, written by James McPherson, tells the story of Abraham Lincoln's role as Commander in Chief during the American Civil War. This book spans from the day Lincoln begins studying military strategy books, to his last speech. It also talks about many of Lincoln’s appointed Military generals such as McClellan, Buell, Thomas, Grant, Halleck, and Burnside. The author, James McPherson, hails from Nevada. He is a noted historical writer, with a concentration on the American Civil War.…
The primary issue during the campaign of 1864 was the Civil War and determining how it was going to come to a conclusion. President Lincoln's campaign focused on peace between the states and to keep the Union intact. Lincoln wanted to fight the war and win while his opposing candidate George B. McClellan wanted to cease fighting and negotiate with the Confederacy. When the Southern armies began having success even Lincoln feared that he was going to lose the election. Everything changed on September 6, 1864 when General Sherman seized Atlanta.…
All that was needed to dramatically turn around one of the bloodiest wars in American history were three days. The Confederate army led by Robert E. Lee was dominating Union forces and were headed to invade the North. Panic arose in the Northern states and people began to flee towns. Lincoln had to make a decision and be hasty. He appointed General George Meade to lead the Union army to the Battle at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.…
Doing so would mean either dividing the Union’s forces, or leaving the Northern capital, Washington D.C., vulnerable. Since neither of these options seemed reasonable they resorted to the previous plan of going via Richmond and focus on Robert E. Lee’s army. Lincoln devised a plan that involved catching the Confederate army a long way from its home base. Doing so would mean that Lee’s army would not be able to retreat or receive help from home. Many of the critics of Hooker were soon proven wrong as He quickly restored the troops’ morale.…
Mistake of the Battle of Gettysburg The battle of Gettysburg is always described as the “turning point” of American Civil War. After this battle, confederate army had never taken offensive to the north again and eventually lost the war. The battle of Gettysburg took place at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania July 1-- July 3, 1863 and ended up with Confederacy 's defeat, which broke the myth of confederate’s invincibility and caused large number of casualties.…
American Civil War historian, James M. McPherson, in his essay “How Lincoln Won the War with Metaphors,” proves that Lincoln used a variety of metaphors in his speeches and writing to connect to the audience and ultimately win the war. He supports his claim by using repetition of phrases such as “everyone knew what he meant”, the word clinch meaning making an agreement, and the structure of paragraphs that is the story from the Civil War with quotes of metaphors Lincoln used and then an analysis of his metaphors, analyzing the Gettysburg Address by changing it, and by providing many examples of Civil War stories and of Lincoln’s metaphors. McPherson’s purpose is to analyze Lincoln’s speeches and writings in order to predict if his communication…
The Battle of Gettysburg is perhaps the most famous battle ever to be fought on American soil. The three-day long struggle, which saw intense fighting that pitted friend against friend and brother against brother, holds a special place in the American psyche. In the span of three days in July of 1863 the entire tone of the American Civil changed from certain confederate victory, to an impending federal rout. What happened over this time span that caused the sudden shift in momentum during the civil war?…
Abraham Lincoln and Civil War America: A Biography is a great educational book of the life of our sixteenth president. It begins with his life as a young boy, soon developing into his life as a grown man. He was brought up as a pioneer kid who was normally anticipated that would deal with the ranch, however, then again, he rather detested it and attempted his best to read books at whatever point conceivable to teach himself, and soon developed into an extraordinary government official. He adhered to his ethics, and with his bravery helped end slavery In the book Abraham Lincoln and Civil War America, historian and professor William Gienapp gives an amazing history of one the most loved President in United States history.…