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79 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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split-plot ANOVA
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"mixed" - used when design includes both between groups and within subjects comparisons
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when would you use a T-test?
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comparing 2 means
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what is the Mann-Whitney U test
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compares rank-ordered data from 2 independent variables
(Mann, Whitney, You R RANK) |
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Solomon 4-groups design
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evaluate impact of pretesting on internal and external validity
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t-scores
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mean of 50, SD = 10
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What are the Taylor-Russell Tables
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provide information on a test's decision-making accuracy for various combinations of base rates, selection ratios, and validity coefficients
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what is alexithymia
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inability to describe one's own feelings
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Anosognosia
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lack of awareness of one's own disability or illness
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somethesis
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sensory perception associated with skin, muscles, joints, and viscera
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Albert Ellis is associated with what kind of therapy?
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REBT
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describe blocking
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2 different CS are paired with the US
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what is Fielder's contingency theory of leadership
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worker's performance depends on interaction between leader's leadership style (LPC) and the favorableness of the situation. High LPC leaders best in very favorable or unfavorable situations. Low LPS leaders best in moderately favorable situations
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Sensate focus
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master's & johnson - pairing pleasurable sensations with performance anxiety in order to reduce the anxiety - a form of counterconditioning
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differential validity
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when a predictor has different validity coefficients for members of different groups
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differential selection
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threat to internal validity
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16 PF
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16 personality factor questionnaire - factor analysis to categorize adjectives that describe personality traits
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CPI
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California Psychological Inventory - measure of normal personality traits for adolescents and adults
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EPPS
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Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (used Murray's 15 needs)
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NEO-PI-R
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NEO personality inventory - assesses 5 big personality traits
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Functional Analysis
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associated with behavior assessment and involves identifying the antecedents and consequences of a target behavior - looks at controlling variables
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symptoms of hyperglycemia
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fatigue,polydipsia,polyuria,polyphagia,weight loss, poor wound healing & recurrent infections
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adrenal insufficiency
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(Addison's disease) - lo production of cortisol by adrenal glands. symptoms are weight loss, orthostatic hypotension, weakness, fatigue, and hyperpigmentation
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hypoprarthyroidism
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low parathyroid levels. Symptoms - muscle cramping & twitching, tingling in lips and fingers, hair loss & dry skin
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zeigarnik effect
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tendency for interrupted and unfinished tasks to be remembered better tahn completed ones in under non-stressful conditions
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hawthorne effect
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tendency of research partcipants to behave differently simply because they are participating in research
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Rosenthal effect
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"self-fulfilling prophecy" effect
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Von Restorff effect
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tendency to pay attention to or or recall stimuli that are distinct from other stimuli
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GABA
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eating, seizure & anxiety d/o, motor control, vision & sleep.
Low GABA = anxiety d/o High GABA - Huntington's disease |
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Hersey & Blanchard's situational leadership model
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a leader is most effective when her leadership style matches subordinates' ability & motivation.
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hypothalamus
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mediates wide range of autonomic, endocrine, and behavioral functions including emotional states, the sleep-wake cycle, hunger & thirst, sexual behavior, reproduction & temperature
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3 parts of hindbrain
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medulla
pons cerebellum |
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Medulla
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influences flow of information to & frm the spinal cord & brain. coordinates basics like swallowing, coughing, blood pressure, etc.
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Pons
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integrates right & left side of the body
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Cerebellum
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balance, posture & coordinated & refined motor movements (timing, coordination & correction of these acts)
sensorimotor learning, shifting attention abnormalities associated with autism, schizophrenia & ADHD & ataxia |
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3 parts of midbrain
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colliculi (superior & inferior)
substantia nigra reticular formation |
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superior & inferior colliculi
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routes for visual and auditory information
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substantia nigra
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motor activity & reward system
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reticular formation
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respiration, vomiting, posture, locomotion, REM sleep
reticular activating system - vital to consciousness, arousal & wakefulness. Screens sensory input |
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Thalamus
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motor activity, langauge & memory. Relay station for all but olfaction
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hypothalamus
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hunger, thirst, sleep, body temperature, movement & emotional reactions, maintains homeostasis
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basal ganglia
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planning, organizing & coordinating voluntary movements & regulating amplitude and direction of motor activities
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amygdala
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memory & emotion
integrates, coordinates & directs motivational and emotional actvities, attaches emotions to memories & is involved in recall of emotionally charged experiences |
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hippocampus
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learning and memory, spatial, verbal & visual information & consolidating declarative memories
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cingulate cortex
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attention, emotion, perception & subjective experience of pain
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acetylcholine (ACh)
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muscle contractions
REM sleep & regulation of sleep-wake cycle learning & memory degeneration = Alzheimers |
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Dopamine
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personality, mood, memory & sleep
Dopamine hypothesis - schizophrenia due to high dopamine movement regulation High Dopamine = Tourrette's Low Dopamine = Parkinson's social phobia |
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Norepinephrine
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mood, attention, dreaming, learning, & some autonomic functions.
Catecholamine hypothesis - depression is due to low levels of Norepinephrine |
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Serotonin
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mood, hunger, temperature regulation, sexual activity, sleep, aggression & migranes
High Serotonin = schizophrenia, autism, food restriction Low Serotonin- aggression, depression, suicide, bulimia, PTSD & OCD social phobia |
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Glutamate
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learning & memory - LTP (LT memory)
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What is agnosia?
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an inability to recognize familiar objects
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What are the symptoms of Kluver - Bucy Syndrome?
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agnosia, lowered fear, increased docility, compulsive oral behaviors, markedly different dietary habits & ypersexuality
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what is dysaphia?
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impaired sense of touch
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what is principal component analysis?
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factors (components) are extracted so that the 1st factor reflects the greatest amount of variability, 2nd one the 2nd greatest variability, etc.
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what are the 2 types of communication networks?
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decentralized (no on eindividual has greater access to information) - best for comples, unstructured tasks with several solutions. AND centralized
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what are the 4 types of brain waves & associated states?
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Alpha - relaxed wakefulness
Beta - alert wakefulness Delta - deep sleep Theta - deeply relaxed and drowsy (stage 2 sleep) |
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what is LISREL
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a structured equation (causal) modeling technique used to test causal hypotheses about relationships among measured variables and the latent traits those variables are believed to measure. Incorporates both measured attributes and latent traits
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Path analysis model
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predict causal relationships among measured attributes only
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Acetycholine (ACh)
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linked to several functions including control of skeletal and smooth muscles, learning & memory, and the activities of the parasympathetic nervous system
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Serotonin
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decreases alertness & increases duration of sleep
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Dopamine
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`Implicated in development of psychotic disorders
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Beck's cognitive theory
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"depressive cognition triad" - negative illogical self-statements about oneself, the world & the future
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Agonists
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produce effects similar to neurotransmitters
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discriminant analysis
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involves using scores on 2+ predictors to predict an individual's membership in a criterion group (used when criterion is a nominal scale)
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Kohlberg's model of gender-role acquisition
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1) Gender identity (2-3yo)
2) Gender stability (4yo) 3) Gender constancy (6-7yo) |
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Implosive therapy
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having client repeatedly imagine a feared (CS) stimulus in the absence of the stimulus that initially invoked the fear (US) to eliminate the fear response
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ARAS
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Ascending reticular activating system - acts as a sensory screeing system that rouses the brain whenever important information needs to be processed
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frontal lobe
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emotion, language, memory, & higher order cognitive abilities
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hippocampus
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memory conslidation
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substantia nigra
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part of basal ganglia and is involved i movement and certain types of learning.
Abnormalities in this area are associated with Parkinson's, Schizophrenia, & epilepsy |
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privilege
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legal term describing certain specific types of relationships that enjoy protection from discolsure in legal proceedings
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Kuder Occupational Interest Inventory
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provides scores on 4 scales - occupational, college major, vocational interest estimates & dependability indices
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leniancy bias
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type of rater bias involving giving ratees high ratings on eac dimension of performance regardless of actual performance. Can be alleviated by using relative rating scales like foreced distribution scale
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relative rating scales
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AKA comparative. Require rater to compare 2+ employees
Paired Comparison Forced distribution - like crading on a curve. Involves assigning ratees to limited # of categories based on a predefined normal distribution on 1+ dimensions of job performance. |
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Absolute measures
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critical incident
forced choice graphic Behaviorally anchored rating scale (BARS) |
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Antisocial personality d/o
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at least 18yo
evicence of conduct prior to 15 yo at least 3 sympoms involving violation of others' rights since 15yo |
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what are the 2 theories of color vision?
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Trichromatic - eyes have 3 kinds of receptors (RGB).
Opponent Process Theory - 3 sets of cones b/w, r/g, y/b |
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constructional apraxia
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inability to copy or draw figures or arrange blocks oin a pattern. Usually caused by damage to the parietal lobe
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4 types of group tasks
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compensatory - group's performance is average of the effort or performance of individuals
disjunctive - group selects solution from group members' proposals conjunctive - act in unison. limited by weakest group member additive - sum of all |
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selection ratio
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usefulness of a selection test for making hiring decisions is affected by 3 factors: validity coefficient, selection ratio & base rate. A predictor's incremental validity is maximized when base rate is close to 50% and selective ration is low
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