Cliffs Ap Biology Ch 10 Plants

Front 1

What is the term used to define the conifers?

Back 1

Gymnosperms

Front 2

What is the term used to define the flowering plants?

Back 2

Angiosperms

Front 3

The angiosperms are divided into two groups, what are those groups?

Back 3

Dicots/Monocots

Front 4

What are the three major groups of plant tissue?

Back 4

Ground Tissue/Dermal Tissue/Vascular Tissue

Front 5

What are the three major cells of ground tissue?

Back 5

1. Parenchyma cells
2. Collenchyma cells
3. Sclerenchyma cells

Front 6

What is the term used to define a type of ground tissue cell that have thin walls and functions including photosynthesis, secretion, and storage?

Back 6

Parenchyma cells

Front 7

What is the term used to define a type of ground tissue cell that has thick but flexible cell walls, and serve mechanical support functions?

Back 7

Collenchyma cells

Front 8

What is the term used to define a type of ground tissue cells with thicker walls than collenchyma, that provides mechanical support functions?

Back 8

Sclerenchyma

Front 9

What is the term used to define a type of plant tissue that consists of epidermis cells that cover the outside of plant parts, guard cells that surround stomata, and various specialized cells including hair cells, stinging cells, and gladular cells?

Back 9

Dermal Tissue

Front 10

What is the term used to define a the substance the epidermal cells secrete which is a waxy protective substance?

Back 10

Cuticle

Front 11

The vascular tissue consists of two major types of tissue, what are those tissues?

Back 11

Xylem and Phloem

Front 12

What is the term used to define a plant tissue that functions in the conduction of water and minerals, and also provides mechanical support?

Back 12

Xylem

Front 13

What is the term used to define a type of plant tissue that functions in the conduction of sugars?

Back 13

Phloem

Front 14

The seed consists of three structures, what are those structures?

Back 14

1. Embryo
2. Seed Coat
3. Some kind of storage material (Endosperm or Cotyledons)

Front 15

After a seed reaches maturity, it remains dormant until specific environmental cues are encountered that signal growth, what are examples these cues? (4)

Back 15

1. Water
2. Temperature
3. Light
4. Seed Coat Damage

Front 16

What is the term used to define tips of shoots?

Back 16

Apical Meristems

Front 17

What is the term used to define when actively dividing cells occur only at the apical meristems producing growth that increases the legth of a shoot or root?

Back 17

Primary Growth

Front 18

Does secondary growth include primary growth?

Back 18

Yes

Front 19

What is the term used to define increasing of a plants girth, or lateral dimensions, along with its length?

Back 19

Secondary Growth

Front 20

What is the term used to define the outside surface of a root?

Back 20

Epidermis

Front 21

Epidermal cells produce XXXX XXXX.

Back 21

Root Hairs

Front 22

What is the term used to define the area of the root responsible for storing starch?

Back 22

Cortex

Front 23

What is the term used to define an area of the root that consists of a ring of tightly packed cells at the innermost of the cortex?

Back 23

Endodermis

Front 24

The alteration of growth and dormancy produces XXXXXXXX XXXXXX which can be used to determine the age, and amount of rainfall in different periods of a trees lifetime.

Back 24

Annula Rings

Front 25

What is the term used to define loss of water in a plant due to evaporation?

Back 25

Transpiration

Front 26

What is the term used to define a structure on leaves equipped with numerous chloroplasts and large surface areas, specialized for photosynthsis?

Back 26

Palisade Mesophyll

Front 27

What is the term used to define a structure on leaves that control the opening and closing of stomata?

Back 27

Guard Cells

Front 28

Water and dissolved minerals enter the roots through root hairs by XXXXXXXX.

Back 28

Osmosis

Front 29

What is the term used to define when water moves through cell walls and intercellular spaces from one cell to another without ever entering the cell?

Back 29

Apoplast

Front 30

What is the term used to define when water moves from one cell to another through the living portion of cells?

Back 30

Symplast

Front 31

What are the three mechanisms that are involved in the movement of water and dissolved minerals in plants?

Back 31

1. Osmosis
2. Capillary Action
3. Cohesion-Tension Theory

Front 32

What is the term used to define rise of liquids in narrow tubes?

Back 32

Capillary Action

Front 33

Each stomata is enclosed by two XXXX XXX?

Back 33

Guard Cells

Front 34

Stomata XXXXXXX when temperatures are high?

Back 34

Close

Front 35

Stomata XXXXX when CO2 concentrations are low inside the leaf?

Back 35

Open

Front 36

Stomata XXXXXX at night and XXXXXXXX during the day?

Back 36

Close/Open

Front 37

Increase in K+ ion concentrations causes the stomata to XXXXXXX?

Back 37

Open

Front 38

XXXXXXXXX is the movement of carbohydrates through the phloem from a source, such as leaves, to a sink, the site of carbohydrate utilization.

Back 38

Translocation

Front 39

In the transport of sugars in a plant, any cell can act as a sink in what two ways?

Back 39

1. Turn Sugars into Starches
2. Use Sugars

Front 40

What is the term used to define a plant hormone that promotes plant growth by facilitating the elongation of developing cells?

Back 40

Auxin

Front 41

What is the term used to define a plant hormone that promotes cell growth?

Back 41

Gibberlins

Front 42

What is the term used to define a plant hormone that stimulates cytokinesis?

Back 42

Cytokinins

Front 43

What is the term used to define a plant hormone the promotes ripening of fruits?

Back 43

Ethylene

Front 44

What is the term used to define a plant hormone that is a growth inhibitor?

Back 44

Abscisic Acid

Front 45

What is the term used to define a plants response to light?

Back 45

Phototrpism

Front 46

Phototrpism is achieved by the action of the hormone XXXXX?

Back 46

Auxin

Front 47

What is the term used to define a plants response to touch?

Back 47

Thigmotropism

Front 48

What is the term used to define a plants response to gravity in the stems and roots?

Back 48

Gravitropism

Front 49

What is the term used to define a plants response to changes in the reletive length of daytlight and night?

Back 49

Photoperiodism

Front 50

XXXXXX a protein modified with a light-absorbing chromophore, seems to be involved in sensing day/night cycles?

Back 50

Phytochrome

Front 51

What are the two forms of Phytochrome?

Back 51

Pr or P 660/Pfr or P 730

Front 52

XXXXX appears to reset the circadian-rythym clock.

Back 52

Pfr

Front 53

XXXX is the form of phytochrome synthesized in plant cells?

Back 53

Pr

Front 54

XXX and XXX are in equilibrium during daylight?

Back 54

Pr & Pfr

Front 55

XXX accumulates at night?

Back 55

Pr

Front 56

XXXXXX XXXXXX is responsible for resetting the circadian-rythym clock.

Back 56

Night Length

Front 57

XXXXXX-XXXXXX plants flower in the spring and early summer when daylight is increasing?

Back 57

Long-Day

Front 58

XXXXXX-XXXXXX plants flower in late summer and early fall when daylight is decreasing.

Back 58

Short-Day

Front 59

XXXXX-XXXXX plants do not flower in response to daylight changes?

Back 59

Day-Neutral

Front 60

What hormone in plants is responsible for flowering?

Back 60

Florigen

Front 61

What is the term used to define a structure within roots that makes up tissues inside the endodermis?

Back 61

Vascular Cylinder or Stele