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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the term used to describe movement of gases into and out of the entire organism?
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Respiration
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What type of organisms possess a gas exchange mechanism that is directly with the environment?
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Flatworms
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What type of organisms possess a gas exchange mechanism that is a basic circulatory system directly below the skin.
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Earthworms
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What type of organisms possess a gas exchange mechanism that is composed of trachea in which air enters spiracles and goes into the trachea?
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Insects
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Give the mechanism and intermediate structures of oxygen traveling through the mouth in humans.
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Mouth/Nose -->pharynx/larynx-->Trachea-->Bronchi-->Bronchioles-->alveolus-->alveolar wall-->Bloodstream
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When an animal is swallowing, a special flap called the XXXXXX covers the trachea, prventing the access of solid or liquid materials?
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Epiglottis
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The volume of the lungs is increased by the contraction of the XXXXXXXX and the XXXXXXXXXXXXX muscles.
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Diaphragm/Intercostal
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Chemioreceptors in the XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX monitor the pH of blood?
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Carotid Arteries
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What two classes of organisms possess open circulatory systems?
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Insects and Mollusks
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What type of circulatory system pumps blood into an internal cavity called the hemocoel, which bathe tissues, and oxygen and nutrient carrying fluid called hemolymph?
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Open Circulatory systems
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What type of circulatory system consists of blood being confined to blood vessels?
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Closed Circulatory System
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Blood Vessels moving away from the heart are called XXXXXXXXXX, while blood vessels moving toward the heart are called XXXXXXXX.
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Arteries/Veins
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Name the path of travel of deoxygenated blood to oxygentated blood, then throughout the body.
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Superior & Inferior Vena Cava --> Right Atrium --> Tricuspid Valve --> Right Ventricle --> Pulmonary Artery --> Pulmonary Semilunar Valve --> Lungs --> Pulmonary Veins --> Left Atrium --> Bicuspid Valve --> Left Ventricle -->Aorta --> Aortic Semilunar Valve --> Throughout the Body
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What type of autorythmic cell spontaneously initiates the cardiac cycle?
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SA Node
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What type of autorythmic cell is under the control of another cardiac center?
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AV Node
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List the pathway of heart contraction starting with the SA Node.
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SA Node --> AV Node --> Bundle of His --> Perkinje Fibers --> Contraction of ventricles
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What is the term used to define the type of blood pressure that is characterized by the ventricles contracting?
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Systolic Blood Pressure
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What is the term used to define the type of blood pressure that is characterized by the ventricles relaxing?
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Diasolic Pressure
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How does blood move through veins to the heart? (2)
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1. Skeletal Muscle Contractions
2. Valves to prevent backflow |
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What are the four components of blood?
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1. Red Blood Cells
2. White Blood Cells 3. Platelets 4. Plasma |
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Red Blood Cells lack a XXXXXXXX.
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Nucleus
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What is the term used to define the cellular component of blood used to transport oxygen?
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Red Blood Cells
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What is the term used to define the cellular component of blood involved in disease fighting?
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White Blood Cells
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What is the term used to define cell fragments involved in blood clotting?
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Platelets
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What is the term used to define the liquid portion of the blood that contains dissolved substances?
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Plasma
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