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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Fill in the missing areas in the aerobic cellular respiration equation.
C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> XXXXX + XXXXXX + XXXXXX |
6CO2 + 6 H20 + Energy
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Cellular respiration in the presense of O2 is called XXXXXXXX XXXXXXX.
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Aerobic Respiration
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Glycolysis is the decomposition of glucose to XXXXXXXX.
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Pyruvate
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In Glycolysis what molecules are added and what molecules are gained? (4)
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1. 2 ATP invested
2. 2 NADH Produced 3. 4 ATP are produced 4. 2 Pyruvate are formed |
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In the first step of the kreb cycle pyruvate turns into XXXXXXXXX XXX.
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Acetyl CoA
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In the 2nd step of the kreb cycle Pyruvate combines with XXXXXXXX to form XXXXXXXX?
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Oxaloacetate/Citrate
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XXXXXXXXX XXXXXX is the process of extracting ATP from NADH and FADH2.
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Oxidative Phosphorylation
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What are the carrier proteins generally referred to in the electron transport chain?
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Cytochromes
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What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?
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Oxygen
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NADH generates XXXXXX ATP while FADH2 generates XXXXXX ATP?
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Three/Two
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How many ATP can be theoretically made from one molecule of glucose? Is this number different from Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes?
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36 eukaryotes/38 prokaryotes/ Yes because eukaryotes have to transfer the NADH created in the cytoplasm to the mitochondria which takes 2 ATP.
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What is the actual number of ATP that can be created per molecule of glucose? Why?
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Around 30/Due to variations in mitochondrial efficiencies and competing biochemical processes.
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What are the four areas of the mitochondria?
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1. Outer Membrane
2. Intermembrane Space 3. Inner Membrane 4. Matrix |
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What two major processes of aerobic respiration occur in the mitochondria?
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1. Kreb Cycle
2. Oxidative Phosphorylation |
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What layer of the mitochondria do protons accumulate?
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Intermembrane Space
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What layer of the mitochondria does oxidative phosphorylation occur? What structure is present in this layer?
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Inner Membrane/Cristae
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Where does the Kreb cycle occur specifically during aerobic respiration in eukaryotes?
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The Matrix of the Mitochondria
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What is the term used to define the mechnism of ATP generation that occurs when energy is stored in the form of a proton concentration gradient across the membrane?
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Chemiosmosis
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ATP synthase generates XXXXXX?
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ATP
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What are the two types of phosphorylation to produce ATP?
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1. Substrate level Phosphorylation
2. Oxidative Phosphorylation |
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When there is no oxygen what must a cell do to produce ATP if it is an aerobe?
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Anaerobic Respiration
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What are two common pathways of anaerobic respiration?
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1. Alcohol fermentation
2. Lactic Acid Fermentation |
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What is the objective of fermentation?
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To release some NAD+ for use in glycolysis
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