Zygosity

Genetic Analysis in Plants Trev Mumm and Peter Masinelli Life 120 – Lab Section 122 April 28th, 2014 ABSTRACT We completed this lab to classify and count phenotypic traits in plant crosses with one or two segregating mutations, and we also learned how to use the Chi-Square test as a tool to access the statistical significance data collected from a genetic cross. Our hypothesis for the experiment that included green and albino corn genetics, was that the ratio of green to albino seedlings would be 3:1. Our results showed that we were almost exactly right with that hypothesis. Our hypothesis for the analysis dihybrid cross in corn was that the ending ratio would be 9:3:3:1, our results drew close to that ratio. The last experiment dealt with soybean seedlings, and the different genotypic and phenotypic ratios within them. There was little deviation between our expected ratios and our resulted ratios. INTRODUCTION What we know is that through Gregor Mendel’s theory we can genetically cross different kinds of corn to create the perfect seed, using the Punnett square and Chi-square which will give us our phenotypic ratio. Gregor Mendel, “The Father of Genetics” used this experiment to cross pea plants. He crossed a homozygous dominant pea with a homozygous recessive pea and got results of a phenotypic ratio which was 3:1 (Biology in Focus, 208). One pea was homozygous dominant, two were heterozygous, and one was homozygous recessive. So three were round…

Confirmation of Mendel’s Law of Segregation I. In Biology class the past few weeks we have been learning about Gregor Mendel. Gregor Mendel is often called the father of modern genetics. Mendel developed the theory of inheritance several decades before the observance of chromosomes via microscope. In Biology lab the past two weeks I completed a series of tests using fast plants, Brassica rapa. The objective of this experiment was to study the Mendelian laws of genetics as they applied to…

Introduction: Hardy Weinberg theory was an effective tool for recognizing the different genotypes from one generation to the next and each allele frequency. This theory notifies us by how Mendelian inheritance was the lead for all genetic variation and it can be used to follow Mendelian’s rules of segregation and the combination of alleles. Polymerase chain reaction was one of the essentials that is used in the Hardy Weinberg theory of genetic equilibrium which was used in determining the…

Introduction Using Drosophila, the goal of this lab was to study and identify the genetics behind certain traits through to use of dihybrid crosses. With the crosses, the purpose was to find the different dominant and recessive traits in the eyes and wings of the Drosophila. Flies were used to study the genetics as opposed to other insects or animals because they are easy to mass-produce and the traits, when viewed under a microscope, are easily identifiable. The hypothesis was that the traits…

The results of the statistical comparison of genetic variability between the wild and founding population suggests that because the assumption figure is less than 0.5 (see table 2) the null hypothesis could not be dismissed. This meant that there is was no difference between the wild and founding population’s genetic variability. In relation to conservation biology, this finding is rather optimistic. Due to the fact that the two populations genetic variability is close to one-another allows for…

Hardy­Weinberg Law Given the mathematical and statistical methods used already, this law also uses probability, however is represented in a graphical manner. Through this graph I will determine if the class data set has significant variation on an allele by genotype graph by comparing their points to the collection of data sets from Census at School that will represent in this paper as the Canadian average. The Hardy­Weinberg Law, developed by G.H Hardy and Wilhelm Weinberg in 1908, states that…

Tay-Sachs is an inherited disease that destroys neurons in the brain and spinal cord. The most common forms of Tay-Sachs appear in infancy, the infant 's affected by the disease generally show no signs, until 3 to 6 months of age. Infants affected by the disease lose motor skills, they also have a tendency to be startled easily especially by loud noises. Infants will begin to have seizures and develop hearing and vision loss, intellectual disability, and paralysis as the conditions…

Analysis of phenotype and genotype using Phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) variation taste sensitivity Introduction Taste occurs when chemical signals stimulate taste receptor cells in the oral cavity to detect tastes such as sweet, sour, salty, bitter and umami. PTC taste sensitivity is very common substance used to study taste perception. Many studies have provided insights into tastes perception using sodium benzoate and thiourea. PTC sensitivity has often been used for practical demonstrations in…

Drosophila melanogaster is also known as the fruit fly. It “has played a central role in developmental biology during the twentieth century”. The fruit fly is considered a model organism for many reasons. Drosophila is low maintenance creatures that are easy to care for. Since they are such a small size, scientists are able to control numerous amounts of the Drosophila melanogaster at any given time. Drosophila reproduces many offspring and the offspring are created in a very fast fourteen-day…

“Who made what?” After learning the different variations of genetic traits passed down to the offspring, my team and I were influenced to conduct research regarding the genetic variations of fruit flies. “Which mode of inheritance do the yellow body and curly wing trait follow?” After coordinating research, it is evident that: Because only 2 yellow bodies can only reproduce other yellow bodies, Curly wings can have either Curly or Wild-wing off spring, and the characteristics of dominant and…