Richard Lazarus

According to Lazarus, coping is defined as the efforts an individual will take to manage a potentially harmful or stressful situation (Austin & Boyd, 2015). Coping mainly falls under two groups: Problem-focused and Emotion-focused. Problem-focused coping is used when an individual feels that he or she had control over the stressful situation and takes direct measures to manage or change the stressful situation. For example, seeking social support, problem solving, and planning. Emotion-focused coping involves changing or regulating the emotional response to a stressful situation when the person believes that they have no control over the situation itself (Austin &Boyd, 2015). Coping styles are not consistent for an individual and often change…

In the 1980s, Richard Lazarus formed the "Theory of Cognitive Appraisal" in efforts to explain the mental process that is brought on by stressors. Cognitive appraisal occurs when a person evaluates how an emotional situation effects them, and then comes to a conclusion based on their interpretation of the situation. Cognitive appraisal is used in instances where it isn't obvious as to how the situation would be interpreted initially. In an event that it isn’t clear how you should respond, your…

illusion that there is time “for a hundred indecisions” and “a hundred visions and revisions” (31-33), and ultimately mars his cognitive responses towards the norms of his industrialized culture. Additionally, his pattern of significant distress and social impairment alludes him to that of “Prince Hamlet’s” (111), constant “indecisions”; but, contrary to Hamlet who instead takes a long period to act accordingly towards his will, J. Alfred Prufrock does not do anything whatsoever; so, he…

In his poem We Wear the Mask, Laurence Dunbar speaks rather elusively on the topic of human deceit. More specifically, the underlying message of the human tendency to hide emotions in suffering, reveals itself in the 15 line poem. Explored in the first two lines of the poem, Dunbar speaks about a figurative mask; a mask covering the face, hiding cheeks and eyes, with the mask taking over with its fake happiness, all a subdued lie. Continuing through the poem, the second stanza expresses grief…

table” (l.3), show not only how Prufrock views his Hell on Earth but also reflect his own personality. The images of the empty streets mirror his own feelings of loneliness and alienation, while the image of the patient being immobile, mirrors Prufrock’s own inability to act. Prufrock, in a sense, is paralyzed by his inability to make decisions and act on them. He is clearly aware that everything in his life is stopped, or paralyzed, except for time. He has a growing concern of the fact time…

these women, they might spot the “bald spot in the middle” of his hair (Eliot). That is why he desperately attempts to attire himself with “necktie rich and modest” (Eliot). He is constantly going back and forth and asking himself “do I dare / disturb the universe” because he does not know if he should shake up the stasis of the people at the party by expressing his desire for love (Eliot). Prufrock is the epitome of a common man—he is not handsome. He acknowledges that he has flaws but does…

moment of my greatness flicker”. (Eliot 84-85). This quote shows that Prufrock knows he has lost his chance at being happy, all because he is stuck In his head about people 's judgments, and his own fears of failure. Prufrock feels that he is no ones first or last choice, "I have heard the mermaids singing, each to each. I do not think they will sing to me"(Eliot 124-125). Prufrock feels that he has no worth and that people could not care less if he disappeared. Prufrock and Gregor have…

Throughout the years Greek Mythology has influenced art and literature. It was created to teach people using stories about their gods. For example, the myth of the Sirens from The Odyssey teaches us to use logic to resist temptation and move forward with our lives. Ulysses, Latin for Odysseus, and his men are sailing back to their home Ithaca, when the stumble upon Sirens. They must stay strong and resist temptation so they can continue their journey. In the painting, Ulysses and The Sirens,…

“Icarus in Catechism Class,” a poem written by Dominador Ilio, revolves around the persona wanting to escape the catechism class that he is in. On the other hand, “Musée des Beaux Arts,” a poem written by WH Auden, shows how the “Old Masters” understand suffering as depicted in several artworks, especially Brueghel’s painting of the fall of Icarus, as seen by the persona in a mueseum. This close reading will focus on the importance of Icarus and how suffering is depicted in the poems. Making…

Daddy and Lady Lazarus are poems written in 1963, by Sylvia Plath and were shortly released after her death. Sylvia Plath is a famous American poet born in October 27, 1932. Plath was really depressed since at the age of 10 after her Father's death. She tried to commit suicide multiple times and failed.Plath's famous Poems “Daddy” and “Lady Lazarus” are mainly influenced on her depression and her complex relationship with her Dad and her husband Ted Hughes. Ted hughes leaving Plath left her…