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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What forms the foramen triosseum of birds?
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Scapula, coracoid bone, clavicle.
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What is the signifigance of the foramen triosseum of birds?
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Has the supracoracoideus tendon coursing through it to the humerus to raise the wing.
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The supracoracoideus m. and pectoralis m. both originate from where?
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The keel
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Name a and a'
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a - the calamus - the featherless part
a' - the rachis - attached to vane Together they make up the shaft. |
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What is the air flow through the lungs and air sacs of birds?
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First inspiration
Air is drawn in through the nasal cavity, choana, oropharynx, cranial larynx, trachea, lungs and into the caudal air sacs First expiration Air from the caudal air sacs goes to the lungs Second inspiration Air from the lungs goes to the cranial air sacs Second expiration Air from cranial air sacs exits via the trachea |
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Name these parts of the avian lungs/air sacs
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here's the key
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Do birds have brachiocephalic veins?
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No, not like mammals.
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Name:
4, 4', 4'', 6, 6, 9, 10, 35, 36, 53, 53', 58 |
Cranial vena cavae
Right and left (53 & 53’) Caudal vena cava (58) Heart 4 chambers Aorta (4, 4’, 4’’) Brachiocephalic a. (6,7) Common carotid a. (9) Subclavian a. (10) External iliac a. (35) Ischiatic a. (36) |
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What are the primary blood supplies to the pelvic limbs of birds?
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Ischiatic a. (36)
External iliac vv are the major blood drainers from the pelvic limb. |
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How many lobes do bird kidneys have?
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3
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What are the two sets of arteries that can help you find the bird kidneys, or that can you can use the kidneys to help find these vessels?
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External iliac a. (2)
Located between the cranial and middle lobes of the kidney Ischiatic a. (3) Located between the middle and caudal lobes of the kidney Supplies majority of blood to the pelvic limb |
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What are the venous drainages from the pelvic limb in the bird?
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External iliac v. (11)
Drains majority of blood from the pelvic limb Ischiatic v. (19) |
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What vein is the valve of the renal portal system in birds in?
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The external iliac v.
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What are the two branches of veins coming into the renal portal vv in birds?
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the cranial and caudal renal portal veins. The caudal one is identifiable in lab.
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What is the primary route of blood flow leaving the kidney when the valve is closed in birds?
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Cranial renal v. and caudal renal v. to common iliac v.
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What are the venipuncture sites in birds?
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External jugular vv. (27, 27’)
--Right is larger than left Cutaneous ulnar v. (28) --Branch of brachial v. (17 Medial plantar metatarsal v. |
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Do birds have renal pelvis?
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No - they also don't have a urinary bladder or urethra.
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What are the three parts of the cloaca of birds?
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Coprodeum - Dilated distal portion of the colon
Urodeum - Entrance of ureters and genital tract Proctodeum |
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What is #3?
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testes - don't confuse with kidneys!!
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Describe the journey of the egg in the chicken
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Infundibulum (7 cm)
Thin coating of dense albumen 15 minutes Magnum (30 cm) Albumen 3 hours Isthmus (8 cm) Albumen and shell membranes 1 hour Shell gland (“uterus”) (8 cm) Shell 20 hours “Vagina” Passage of egg Seconds |
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How does the egg stay clean from being covered with shit?
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the vagina everts to the urodeum
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What is a bony structure, part of the hyoid apparatus, giving rigidity to the bird tongue?
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the entoglossal process
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What is the bony structure at the carina in the bird?
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The pessulus
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What is the siginifigance of breeding guinea pigs young?
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Pelvic symphysis dilates for parturition
Females should be bred before 7-10 months to prevent fusion and subsequent dystocia |
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Which of the pocket pets is susceptible to scurvy?
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guinea pigs
Vitamin C is essential and scurvy can develop within 4 days of decreased intake |
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Hey look at these cheek pouches
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yep. those are some big cheek pouches.
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