Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Stainless steel An alloy of steel with chromium and sometimes another element, such as nickel or molybdenum that is highly resistant to rust and ordinary corrosion. |
Scissors Surgical instruments used to cut, incise and or dissect tissue. |
|
|
Osteotomes Chisel like instruments used to cut or shave off bone. |
Rongeurs Surgical instruments to cut or bite away at bone and tissue. |
|
|
Forceps Instruments used grasping, holding firmly or exerting traction upon objects. |
Hemostatic forceps Surgical instruments used to control the flow of blood. |
|
|
Needle Holders Surgical instruments designed to drive suture needles to close or rejoin a wound or surgical site. Also known as needle drivers. |
Retractors Surgical instruments primarily used to move tissue and organs to keep the surgical site exposed throughout surgery. |
|
|
Martensitic ( stainless steel ) This metal is also known as 400 series. It is magnetic and maybe heat hardened. |
Austenitic ( stainless steel ) This metal is also known as 300 series. It is non-magnetic, can’t be hardened and is more corrosion resistant. |
|
|
Cannulas Surgical instruments with a hollow barrel or lumen through their center. Often inserted for drainage. |
Rib Spreaders A retractor used to expose the chest. |
|
|
Suction devices Surgical instruments used to extract blood and other fluids from the surgical site. |
Dissection The process of cutting apart of separated tissue. |
|
|
Serrations Parallel grooves in the jaw of surgical instruments. |
Jaws Two or more opposable parts that open and close. Used for holding or crushing something between them. |
|
|
Box Locks Point where the two jaws or blades of an instrument connect and pivot. |
Ratchet The part of a instrument that LOCKs the handles in place. |
|
|
Central Service Work Flow Dirty areas include Decontamination Clean areas include Preparation and Packaging (prep and pack), sterilizations, and Sterile areas include sterile storage/distribution |
Decontamination The decontamination area is where all soiled or potentially infectious material or supplies are brought in from user departments. Decontamination is to make safe by removing or reducing contamination by infectious organisms or harmful substances; the reduction of contamination to an acceptable level |
|
|
Prep and Package When supplies come to this area they are safe to handle without PPE. Workstations are set up to facilitate the next step in the sterilization process Items are carefully inspected for cleanliness Insure item is in working condition and free from defects Instruments, utensils and equipment are assembled into sets Supplies are packaged and labeled in preparation for the sterilization part of the process |
Prep and Package The technician in this area must be able to Identify instruments and there use THERE ARE HUNDREDS! Inspect for cleanliness Understand how to prevent and solve issues such as discoloration and corrosion Understand how specific items must be packaged Understand what type of sterilizer will be used and why 28 |
|
|
Sterilization Instruments for sterilization must be properly identified and the correct methods and parameters for sterilization must be followed according to the manufacturer’s Instruction For Use. IFU IFU- Information provided by a device manufacturer that provides detailed instructions on how to properly use and process the device. Various types of sterilizers are available today High heat Low heat Point of use Instruments and equipment are very expensive and require the technician to understand why different sterilizers |
Sterilization A technician working in this area must Understand how the sterilizer works Understand what type of supplies can go in each sterilizer Load and operate the sterilizers correctly Make sure everything is marked and has the proper chemical indicators Maintain accurate records Be able to detect problems and possess the skills to correct them PPE in the “Clean” part of the department is scrubs and hair covering Essential for CS professionals to diligently adhere to dress codes and safe work practices 31 |
|
|
Materials Surgical Instruments can be made from a variety of materials Stainless steel (Most Common) Titanium Copper Silver Vitallium (common for implants) Very expensive is an alloy of 65% cobalt, 30% chromium, 5% molybdenum, and other substances. dentistry and artificial joints, resistance to corrosion. |
Manufacturing Steps Forging Ground and milling Polishing A typical manufacturing cycle from forging to finished instrument usually takes up to six weeks |
|
|
Forging Creating a stamp of it’s rough outline from a heated bar of stainless steel The heating and cooling process is very important in the forging process. Good forging creates good instruments Most high quality forgings come from Germany, Japan, Pakistan, France, and Sweden |
Ground and Milling To smooth out rough edges Excess stainless steel is called “flash” Ringed instruments such as scissors and hemostats go through more than 20 milling operations. This includes creating male and female halves, making serrations and ratchets |
|
|
Tempering After the assembly process instruments undergo a final heating process called tempering. (1500 degrees F) The tempering process creates the proper hardness on the instrument. Instruments are then cooled in a controlled environment Cooling to quickly can cause the instrument to become brittle and become more susceptible to early breakdown |
Polishing Polishing creates a smooth finish and ultimately determines the final appearance or finish of the instrument Shiny or Mirrored finish Smoother More stain resistant Matte or Satin finish Grey colored Less reflective Ebonized Adding a black polymer coating Used for laser surgery |
|
|
Passivation Passivation uses nitric acid to remove all the iron content still found on the outside layer of the instrument Passivation helps build a protective outside layer of chromium oxide, which is highly resistant to corrosion, and continues to build up throughout the instruments life The instrument is now ready for final inspection and will be carefully examined |
Final inspection Final inspection Ratchets tested Scissor blades tested Serrations inspected Box locks and spot weld inspected Etched and packaged Etching is an acid based procedure that uses stencils to apply the company logo, part number, and country of origin Laser etching and stamping can also be used https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4VOU1oOv7m0 |
