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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What cytokines promote B cell growth and differentiation
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IL-4 and IL-5
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What cytokines are produced by TH1 cells
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IL-2 and IFN –gamma
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What cytokines are produced by TH2 cells
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IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10
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What cytokines are secreted by helper T cells and activates macrophages
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Interferon –gamma
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What cytokines are pyrogens secreted by monocytes and macrophages
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IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-a
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What cytokine enhances the synthesis of IgE and IgG
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IL-4
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What cytokine enhances synthesis of IgA
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IL-5
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What cytokines are released by virally infected cells
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Interferon-a and Interferon-B
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Clinical symptoms associated c. Lead poisoning
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Anemia, Abd pain, Diarrhea and nausea, Encephalopathy, wrist drop or foot drop, lead lines on gums
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GI problems associated with Down’s Syndrome
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Doudenal atresia
Hirschsprung disease Annular pancreas Celiac disease |
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Classic presentation of Appendicitis
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Starts c. diffuse periumbilical pain
Migrates to the RLQ at McBurney’s pt Fever and nausea |
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50yo man present c. diarrhea and his face is plethoric (red face) and he has a heart murmur, diagnosis?
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Carcinoid syndrome
Location: Bronchopulmonary, GI tract c. mets to the liver |
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Fundamental problem in Hirschsprung disease?
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Neural crest cells fail to migrate to the colon
Missing auerbach’s plexus and meissner’s plexus |
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Most abundant bacterial in the colon
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Bacteroides fragilis
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What type of hypersensitivity is responsible for Asthma
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Type I
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What type of hypersensitivity is responsible for TB skin test
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Type IV
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What type of hypersensitivity is responsible for allergies, anaphylaxis, and hay fever
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Type I
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What type of hypersensitivity is responsible for ABO blood type incompatibility
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Type II
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What type of hypersensitivity is responsible for poison ivy
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Type IV
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What type of hypersensitivity is responsible for Eczema
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Type I
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What type of hypersensitivity is responsible for Goodpasture syndrome
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Type II
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Alcoholic develops rash, diarrhea, and altered mental status, what vitamin is deficient
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Vitamin B3, Niacin
Pellagra: Dermatitis (rash), diarrhea, and dementia |
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What class of antibiotics inhibits prokaryotic DNA topoisomerase?
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Fluoroquinolones
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Which portion of the colon is most commonly affected by volvulus?
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Sigmoid colon and Cecum
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