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100 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Scott Alexander was shooting pigeons on his street when one of the bullets went through his neighbor’s fence striking him and killing him instantly. According to the Model Penal Code, Alexander could be charged with murder because: A. Alexander always hated his neighbor and this could be considered a motive for murder. B. It is against the law to discharge a firearm within city limits. C. Alexander was acting reckless. D. Alexander could not be charged with murder according to the Model Penal Code because he did not knowingly shoot his neighbor. <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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Alexander was acting reckless
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According to the Model Penal Code, this is the unlawful and intentional killing of one person by another committed in the heat of passion with adequate provocation. A. Murder B. Voluntary Murder C. Premeditated Murder D. Passionate Murder <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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Voluntary Murder
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This is the unlawful killing of a human being without premeditation. A. Misdemeanor homicide B. First Degree Murder C. Manslaughter D. Unlawful murder <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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Manslaughter
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In common law for a killing to be considered manslaughter instead of first or second degree murder, the malice aforethought must be lacking because of: A. Limited mens rea B. Provocation C. A reckless disregard for human life D. Justification <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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Provocation
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Each of the following may be considered provocation for a killing to be deemed manslaughter except for: A. adultery with offender’s spouse B. mutual combat C. illegal arrest D. taunting words <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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taunting words
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If a child dies from malnutrition in a state that follows the Model Penal Code, what is the most likely charge? A. Manslaughter B. Infanticide C. Negligent Homicide D. Involuntary Murder<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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Negligent Homicide
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Beardsley was originally found guilty of manslaughter in the killing of Ms. Burns who he had spent the weekend with drinking and taking morphine pills. What did the Supreme Court rule? A. The Supreme Court upheld the guilty verdict because Beardsley failed to perform his duty to care for Burns. B. The Supreme Court overturned the guilty verdict because Beardsley did not supply the morphine to Burns. C. The Supreme Court overturned the guilty verdict because Beardsley had no legal duty to save Burns. D. The Supreme Court upheld the guilty verdict because Beardsley’s legal duty to save Burns was transferred to the man who moved Burns out of the apartment. <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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The Supreme Court upheld the guilty verdict because Beardsley failed to perform his duty to care for Burns.
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In jurisdictions that make a distinction between first and second degree murder, first degree murder is defined as: A. Deliberate C. Heinous B. Premeditated D. Both A & B <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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Deliberate & Premeditated
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1. A prosecutor may consider evidence that a youngster who killed his father was abused by his father to charge the youth with a lesser crime. What is the prosecutor considering? A. Defense motions B. Mitigating circumstances C. Aggravating circumstances D. Felonious circumstances <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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Mitigating circumstances
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1. According to the felony murder rule, when may Robert be found guilty of murder? A. Robert is a getaway driver and the police shoot a guard while Robert’s accomplices are robbing a bank. B. Robert shoots at a man he is trying to rob. The man runs into traffic and is hit by a car which kills him. C. Robert’s accomplice is shot by a guard while Robert and his accomplice are robbing a bank. D. In all of the above situations, Robert may be found guilty of murder following the felony murder rule. <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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In all of the above situations, Robert may be found guilty of murder following the felony murder rule.
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1. It is easier to find an individual responsible for a wrongful death than it is to find them guilty of murder because: A. Civil courts do not use juries B. Burden of proof is beyond a reasonable doubt in civil cases C. The accused must take the stand to testify. D. In civil cases, the state prosecuting attorney has more leeway. <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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The accused must take the stand to testify.
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1. Which of the following is unlikely to be defined as a justifiable homicide? A. Killings by a law officer in line of duty B. Execution of condemned inmate C. Killing when discover wife in bed with another manD. Killing in self defense <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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Killing when discover wife in bed with another man
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1. According to the ruling in Tennessee v. Garner (1985), a police officer may use deadly force to: A. Prevent the imminent escape of an offender who is believed to have caused serious physical injury to others. B. Prevent the escape of suspect the police have probable cause to believe poses a significant threat of serious physical injury to the officer or others. C. Prevent the escape of an armed offender only if there is probable cause to believe he has committed a felony. D. Prevent an offender from escaping after the officer identifies him/herself as an officer and demands the suspect stops. <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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Prevent the escape of suspect the police have probable cause to believe poses a significant threat of serious physical injury to the officer or others.
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1. If there is a break-in in which the children in the house are molested and the parents are shot to death before the offender steals the family car, which crime(s) are recorded in the UCR? A. Breaking and entering, sexual molestation, murder, and auto theft. B. Breaking and entering, burglary, sexual molestation, murder, and auto theft. C. Breaking and entering, burglary, rape, murder, and auto theft. D. Murder <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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Murder
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1. Which of the following was not noted by Addington as a change to NIBRS that is likely to make it better than the SHR? A. Quality assurance checks by the FBI B. Fewer concise instructions for submitting data C. Computerized data submission with record updating D. A certification requirement for agencies prior to submitting NIBRS data <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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Fewer concise instructions for submitting data
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1. This is one of the features of the Chicago Homicide Dataset that you do not find in larger national data sets such as the SHR: A. Victim-Offender Relationship B. Type of Weapon Used C. Offender’s Previous Criminal Record D. Arresting Officers’ Race and Sex <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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Arresting Officers’ Race and Sex
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Which of the following data sets may suffer from small agency bias? A. SHR B. UCR C. NIBRS D. HITS <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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NIBRS
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Preliminary FBI reports for 2005 were indicating that homicide was what compared to the year 2004 in the U.S.? A. Increasing B. Decreasing C. Staying the same D. Decreasing but only slightly <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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Increasing
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The author indicates that the trend in homicide that we have seen in the U.S. since 1991 is unprecedented in the last 50 years. What is the trend? A. Homicide has been rapidly increasing. B. Homicide has been decreasing. C. The homicide of children has been increasing. D. Homicide has remained stable. |
Homicide has been decreasing
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The most common homicide circumstance in 1991 was: A. Narcotic Drug Laws B. Felony C. Gang killing D. Argument <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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Argument
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The most common victim-offender relationship of murders known to the police in 2004 was: A. Family B. Acquaintance C. Intimate Partner D. Stranger <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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Acquaintance
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Which of the following is not True about homicide according to FBI data? A. Most homicide victims are male. B. Males tend to kill males. C. Females tend to kill females. D. Most homicide offenders are male. <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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Females tend to kill females.
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With regard to age and homicide in 2004: A. The peak age for homicide offending was 20 to 24 years. B. Less than 5% of offenders were over 54 or under 17 years of age. C. There is no age spike for female victims and offenders. D. All of the above are True. <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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The peak age for homicide offending was 20 to 24 years. Less than 5% of offenders were over 54 or under 17 years of age. There is no age spike for female victims and offenders.
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With regard to race and homicide in 2004: A. Among known offenders, whites outnumber African Americans. B. Among known victims, African Americans outnumber Whites. C. Among known offenders, African Americans outnumber whites. D. The number of Latino offenders had increased over 400% since 2002. <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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Among known offenders, whites outnumber African Americans.
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With regard to race and homicide in 2004: A. Among known victims, African Americans outnumber Whites. B. In Miami, the highest rate of homicide was for Latinos. C. The rate of homicide victimization was six times higher for African Americans compared to whites. D. The rate of homicide offending was higher for whites than for any other race categorization. <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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The rate of homicide victimization was six times higher for African Americans compared to whites.
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The National Center for Injury Prevention and Control finds that the percentage of years of potential life lost to homicide is highest among which category? A. White Men B. Black Men C. Latino Men D. Black Women <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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Black Men
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The National Center for Injury Prevention and Control finds that this percentage of years of potential life lost was due to homicide in 2003. A. 2.2% B. 5% C. 15.4% D. 18.5% <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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5%
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In the United States, the FBI shows that firearms are the most popular murder weapon. The National Center for Injury Prevention shows that this weapon was used more than any other for the commission of homicides. A. Fire B. Knife or other piercing objects C. Unspecified/Other D. Firearm <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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Firearm
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When criminologists compare homicide rates across the United States, they find that the rates are highest in the: A. Midwest C. Northeast B. West D. South <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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South
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Which of the following cities had the highest homicide rates for the years 1999 to 2001? A. Moscow, Russia B. Ottawa, Canada C. Tokyo, Japan D. Washington D.C. <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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Moscow, Russia
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An in-depth study of homicide data in England and Wales for the years 1996-1999 found that: A. Drugs played a major role in over half of the homicides for which data were available. B. Alcohol played a major role in more homicides than drugs. C. Drugs and alcohol played a major in role in a similar percent of all homicides. D. A public health approach to homicide should focus on mental illness issues over alcohol and drug use issues. <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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Alcohol played a major role in more homicides than drugs.
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What is the oldest explanation for homicidal offending? A. Classical School B. Phrenology C. Demonic Possession D. Biological Explanations <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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Demonic Possession
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In The Criminal Man, he proposed the idea that some individuals were born to be criminals. A. Cesare Beccaria B. Cesare Lombroso C. William Sheldon D. Ernst Kretschmer <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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Cesare Lombroso
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Lombroso’s term for the less evolved physically degenerate criminals. A. Atavistic B. Carnivalistic C. Asthenic D. Criminaloids <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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Atavistic
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Which of the following is not one of the body types classified by Kretschmer? A. Leptosome B. Athletic C. Mesosome D. Pyknic<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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Mesosome
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Dugdale’s study of the Jukes family and Goddard’s study of this family were used as support for genetic explanations for criminality. A. Evans B. Kallikaks C. Boskets D. Bogles <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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Kallikaks
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32. In Lange’s study of 30 pairs of twins, he found: A. Most twins have been incarcerated. B. The concordance rate was highest among fraternal twins suggesting that heredity was an important cause of crime. C. The concordance rate was highest among identical twins suggesting that heredity was an important cause of crime. D. The concordance rate was highest among fraternal twins suggesting that environment was an important cause of crime <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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The concordance rate was highest among fraternal twins suggesting that heredity was an important cause of crime.
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32. Hutchings and Mednick’s study of male adoptees in Copenhagen found that: A. If both the biological and adoptive father had a criminal record, the son was most likely to have a record. B. If only the adoptive father had a record, the boy was least likely to have a record. C. If neither adoptive nor biological father had a record the boy did not have any record. D. Adopted children tend to commit criminal acts at rates most similar to their adoptive parent. <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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If both the biological and adoptive father had a criminal record, the son was most likely to have a record.
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32. The Bogles and Boskets are not the only modern families to share a history of crime. A 1991 survey of state prison inmates by the U.S. Department of Justice found that this percentage of inmates had an immediate family member who had also been incarcerated. A. 7% B. 17% C. 37% D. 57% <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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37%
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Recent studies suggest that XYY males tend to be: A. More violent than XY males. B. More energetic than XY males. C. Less intelligent than XY males. D. Less stable workers than XY males. <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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More energetic than XY males.
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Studies of different hormones and violent offending suggest that all of the following are True except which one? A. There is a positive relationship between testosterone and violence. B. There is a positive relationship between adrenalin and aggression. C. There is a negative relationship between adrenalin and aggression. D. Higher blood serotonin levels were linked to higher self-reported levels of violence. <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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There is a positive relationship between adrenalin and aggression.
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32. In her controversial study in which she studied a sample of 156 newly convicted women in England, Dalton found: A. Almost half of the women committed their crimes while they were menstruating. B. Nearly two-thirds of the women committed their crimes while they were menstruating. C. Nearly half of the women committed their crimes within 2 months after giving birth. D. Nearly half of the women committed their crimes four days prior or four days after their menstrual cycle. <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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Nearly half of the women committed their crimes four days prior or four days after their menstrual cycle.
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Adrian Raine’s studies show that antisocial or criminal people tend to: A. Have lower heart rates than “normal” people. B. Show over stimulation in test of skin conductance. C. Have high-frequency brain wave activity. D. Have higher intelligence scores than “normal” people. <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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Have lower heart rates than “normal” people.
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Countries with significantly high homicide rates also have significantly high consumption of this according to a 1978 study by Mawson and Jacobs. A. Illegal Drugs B. Natural Resources C. Twinkies D. Corn <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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Corn
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32. The three basic criteria scientists follow to determine if causation is likely include all but which one of the following? A. The relationship between cause and effect must not be spurious. B. Cause must come before the effect. C. The cause and effect must be correlated. D. The relationship between cause and effect must be spurious. <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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The relationship between cause and effect must be spurious.
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Which of the following has been scientifically linked to homicide offending? A. Lead B. Twinkies C. Nutrition D. Sugar <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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Lead
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A persistent disorder or disability of the mind that results in abnormally aggressive or irresponsible behavior that is not the product to psychosis or other illness. A. Schizophrenia B. Split Personality C. Antisocial personality disorder D. Mania<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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Antisocial personality disorder
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Who developed what is considered to be the industry standard for assessing and diagnosing sociopathy? A. Dr. Adrian Raine B. Dr. Kim Davies C. Dr. Robert Hare D. Dr. Sabina Widner <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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Dr. Robert Hare
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Which of the following is true about sociopaths and murderers? A. Most killers have antisocial personality disorder or another mental illness. B. Most sociopaths are murderers. C. Many serial killers are believed to be sociopaths. D. Scientists do not believe there is any link between antisocial personality disorder and murder. <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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Many serial killers are believed to be sociopaths.
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Scientists have concluded that antisocial personality disorder (sociopathy) is caused by: A. Traumatic brain injury B. Child abuse C. Biology D. Scientists are still debating the causes of antisocial personality disorder. <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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Scientists are still debating the causes of antisocial personality disorder.
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Which of the following is least likely according to sociobiological theory? A. A man killed his step son. B. A man killed his brother. C. A woman killed her mother-in-law. D. A man killed his adopted daughter. <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
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A man killed his brother.
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He is usually considered to be the “father” of the classical perspective in criminology.<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /> A. Cesare Lombroso B. Cesare Beccaria C. Edwin Sutherland D. Karl Marx
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Cesare Beccaria
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According to the classical school perspective, individuals commit crime because they <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /> A. Have rationally determined it makes sense to do crime. B. Natural born criminals C. They have a chemical imbalance. D. They are poverty stricken.
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Have rationally determined it makes sense to do crime.
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According to this theory, the potential of punishments for committing murder will prevent some individuals from killing another.<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /> A. Deterrence B. Techniques of Neutralization C. Differential Association D. None of the above
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Deterrence
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Social disorganization theorists look to these for explaining crime.<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /> A. Individual choices B. Biological determinism C. Structural causes D. Mental explanations
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Structural causes
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52. The importance of Shaw and McKay’s study of crime in Chicago is that:<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /> A. They proved that crime was inherited. B. Regardless of who lived in high crime areas, they tended to remain high crime areas. C. Criminals weighed the cost and benefits of doing crime. D. Crime was inherent to certain racial groups.
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Regardless of who lived in high crime areas, they tended to remain high crime areas.
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52. If your friend argues that young gangsters learn to do crime and to commit homicide from their friends and family just as they learn to do anything they do, which theory are they using?<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /> A. Structural Dislocation B. Structural Disorganization C. Differential Association D. Classical Disorganization
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Differential Association
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These theorists believe most people would commit crime if they were not prevented from it.. A. Differential Association C. Prevention B. Social Control D. Social Avoidance
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Social Control
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Following Durkheim's ideas of anomie, where might we expect homicide to be highest? A. In rural areas where people are left to their own devices. B. In urban area a where people are less connected to other people. C. In suburban areas, where people have more to lose D. In non-urban areas where we would expect people to know others more intimately. |
In urban area a where people are less connected to other people. |
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Which of the following is not one of the social bonds postulated by Hirschi? A. Attachment C. Conformity B. Involvement D. Belief
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Conformity
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Which killer does Hirschi’s social bond theory appear to explain best?
A. The BTK killer who was married and involved in his Church. B. A military man who kills his wife in their base housing. C. Andrea Yates, a mother and housewife, who killed her five children. D. Ted Kaczynski, the Unabomber who separated himself off from the rest of society. |
Ted Kaczynski, the Unabomber who separated himself off from the rest of society.
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What theory postulated by Travis Hirschi and Michael Gottfredson proposes that a combination of low self-control and opportunity lead to criminal behavior?
A. Social Bond Theory B. Control Theory C. General Theory of Crime D. Differential Association |
General Theory of Crime
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According to Sykes and Matza’s techniques of neutralization if someone kills the man who harmed their child, this could be an example of which technique of neutralization?
A. Denial of Responsibility B. Denial of Injury C. Condemnation of the Condemners D. Appeal to Higher Loyalties |
Appeal to Higher Loyalties
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Katz refers to murders as this to reflect the killer’s belief of preserving the good.
A. Righteous slaughter B. Condemnation carnage C. Casualties of violence D. Brutal bloodshed |
Righteous slaughter
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After studying homicide in Philadelphia, Wolfgang and Ferracuti postulated that this existed among young African American Men in the inner cities they studied.
A. Low intelligence B. An organized gang substructure C. Hopelessness D. Subculture of violence |
Subculture of violence
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Which theory suggests that gang members and drug sellers are more likely to be victims of homicide because the way they live their lives places them at greater risk for violence?
A. Southern Subculture of Violence Theory B. Classical School C. Lifestyle Theory D. Differential Association |
Lifestyle Theory
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Which of the following is not one of three elements required for crime according to routine activities?
A. Motivated offender B. Absence of effective guardians C. Availability of a suitable target D. Poor subculture |
Poor subculture
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Which of the following best reflects Krivo and Peterson’s findings about concentrated disadvantage in their study of Columbus, Ohio?
A. Highly disadvantaged neighborhoods were no different than less disadvantaged neighborhoods for all crimes. B. Highly disadvantaged neighborhoods were no different than less disadvantaged neighborhoods for murder. C. There are higher levels of crime in black communities as compared to white communities. D. There are higher levels of crime in disadvantaged areas whether blacks or whites live in these areas. |
There are higher levels of crime in disadvantaged areas whether blacks or whites live in these areas.
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Which of the following is not given by Barkan as an explanation for the fact that the U.S. is one of the most violent industrial nations today?
A. Economic stratification B. High rates of gun ownership C. Racial hostility D. Culture of violence |
Racial hostility
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Which of the following substances is most highly linked to homicide according to research?
A. Methamphetamines B. Alcohol C. Crack Cocaine D. Oxycontin |
Alcohol
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Confrontational homicides tend to occur in A. Private residences B. Public places
C. Prisons D. There was no indication given in the Chapter as to where they occurred. |
Public places
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Which of the following is not generally True about confrontational homicide? A. The victim is most often male. B. The altercations quickly evolve into violence and end in death. C. The participants are often intoxicated. D. Feuds that lead to the homicide evolve over years until the participants react.
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Feuds that lead to the homicide evolve over years until the participants react.
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Based upon studies in Philadelphia by Wolfgang and the author’s presentation of FBI data, it appears that confrontational homicides make up approximately how many of the homicides in the U.S.?
A. One in ten B. Just over one half C. Approximately one third D. Eighty percent |
Approximately one third
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Wolfgang introduced this term to describe homicide incidents in which the victim was the first to employ physical force in an altercation that ended in his or her death.
A. Victim-precipitated homicide B. Confrontational homicide C. Offender-bated homicide D. Subcultural homicide |
Victim-precipitated homicide
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Wolfgang found that in Philadelphia victims of victim-precipitated homicide tended to be: A. Lower class whites B. Lower class
C. Battered women D. African American males |
African American males
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Luckenbill referred to the interactions between the victim and offender that lead to the death of one of the participants: A. Situated transactions
B. Confrontational homicides C. Victim-precipitated homicides D. Argument related homicides |
Situated transactions
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According to Felson’s interviews with 500 individuals about disputes in which they had taken part,
A. If third parties prompted conflicts, they tended to be more severe. B. Confrontations were more severe if a woman were the victim. C. Third parties had no affect on the confrontations. D. Third parties only decreased violence as opposed to escalating it. |
If third parties prompted conflicts, they tended to be more severe.
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Wolfgang developed this idea to explain the high rates of violence among young lower-class African Americans who lived in urban areas of Philadelphia.
A. Situated Transactions B. Victim-predicated homicide C. Subculture of violence D. Confrontational homicide |
Subculture of violence
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Some criminologists use another sociological argument in arguing that it not a subculture of violence among poor urban African Americans that explains their high rates of violence but instead this explains their violence:
A. Structural disadvantage B. Genetics C. Societal culture D. Subculture of honor |
Subculture of honor
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The Southern Subculture of Violence explains violence by
A. Urban African American youth B. White southern men C. Rural Americans D. Poor southern whites |
White southern men
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According to Nisbet and Cohen, a southern man is obligated to respond with violence to an insult to himself or his family. They refer to this as, A. A social dislocation
B. Southern situated transactions C. A culture of honor D. Southern violent culture |
A culture of honor
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Nisbet and Cohen explain that the culture of honor that developed in the south and not other parts of the U.S. because:
A. The south was settled by Scott Irish herdsmen B. The south had slavery C. The south is largely rural and poor D. The south is subject to much more severe hot weather |
The south was settled by Scott Irish herdsmen
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Confrontational homicide is often the result of A. A confrontation between men of different social classes.
B. Men fighting over women. C. A man not wanting to be seen as unmasculine. D. Poor upbringing. |
A man not wanting to be seen as unmasculine.
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According to Rita Simon’s opportunity thesis, we would expect that as women gained opportunities more similar to men,
A. They would commit more homicides overall. B. They would commit fewer homicides. C. They would kill their children more often than in the past. D. They would commit more confrontational homicides. |
They would commit more confrontational homicides.
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The author of your text noted that many of the confrontational homicides committed by women she studied were
A. Often involved alcohol. B. Always the result of domestic violence. C. The result of increasing gang violence among women. D. The result of women fighting over men. |
The result of women fighting over men.
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What happened to the men who killed James Byrd Jr.?
A. Nothing was done by the criminal justice system. B. Two were sentenced to death and one was sentenced to life in prison. C. All three were charged with a hate crime for the horrible crime they committed. D. Both B & C |
Two were sentenced to death and one was sentenced to life in prison.
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The 1990 Hate Crime Statistics Act mandated that hate crime data be collected on hate crimes motivated by all but which one of the following which was added in 1994?
A. Race B. Disability C. Sexual Orientation D. Religion |
Disability
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Which of the following groups were subject to the most hate crime because religion in 2003? A. Muslims
B. Jews C. Catholics D. Christians |
Jews
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Data collected by the FBI, indicate that the most common weapon used in hate crimes reported to the police are:
A. Firearms B. Knives C. Personal weapons D. Bats |
Personal weapons
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The majority of hate crimes that come to the attention of police are:
A. Property offenses B. Violent crimes C. Vandalism D. Arson |
Violent crimes
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The majority of religiously biased hate crime that come to the attention of police are: A. Property offenses
B. Violent crimes C. Vandalism D. Arson |
Property offenses
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According to the data presented in the Chapter, what percentage of hate crimes reported to the FBI by police agencies are murder and nonnegligent manslaughter?
A. Less than 1% B. At least 5% C. 7% D. 20% |
Less than 1%
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Fourteen murders in the year 2003 were classified in FBI statistics as hate crimes. The most (6 or 42%) were:
A. Anti-ethnicity/national origin bias B. Anti-racial C. Anti-homosexual D. Anti-disability |
Anti-homosexual
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Which of the following was not noted in the Chapter as an argument against sentencing enhancements for hate crimes? A. Hate crimes are not more harmful than other crimes.
B. Difficult to prove crime is motivated by hate. C. May be a way to punish people for their speech which is a violation of First Amendment rights in the U.S. D. All of the above were included. |
Hate crimes are not more harmful than other crimes. Difficult to prove crime is motivated by hate. May be a way to punish people for their speech which is a violation of First Amendment rights in the U.S.
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The race group most targeted in the U.S. for hate crimes according to official statistics is: A. African Americans
B. Asians C. Arabs D. Latinos |
African Americans
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An Australian study comparing the murders of gay males and other males found all but the following:
A. The murders of gay men were more likely to involve multiple offenders B. The offenders who murdered gay men were more likely to use their hands and feet to beat the victim to death. C. The gay bias killings were more likely to occur in public places like parking lots. D. All of the above were found in the study. |
The gay bias killings were more likely to occur in public places like parking lots.
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The justification for hate crime legislation centers on the belief that
A. Hate crimes are more violent than other crimes. B. Hate crimes look really bad in a society that values diversity. C. Hate crimes affect not just the individual but the members of the group to which the individual belongs. D. Hate crimes are easier to detect than other crimes. |
Hate crimes affect not just the individual but the members of the group to which the individual belongs.
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Gendercide as defined by Mary Anne Warren is:
A. The killing of women because they are women B. The deliberate extermination of persons of a particular sex. C. The deliberate extermination of men who dress like women. D. The killing of someone who crosses gender lines. |
The deliberate extermination of persons of a particular sex.
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Which of the following was not noted as a major motivation for hate crime offenders in your text?
A. Some offenders commit hate crime because of their strong religious faiths. B. Some offenders commit hate crime for the fun of it. C. Some offenders are fighting to keep others off their turf. D. Some offenders are part of hate groups. laV{��� |
Some offenders commit hate crime because of their strong religious faiths
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The main motivation for hate crime according to the American Psychological Association is: A. Psychosis
B. Prejudice C. Ignorance D. Mental defect of the brain |
Prejudice
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