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183 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The commandment to study and use the earth and its resources for God's glory and man's benefit is called
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the Creation mandate
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Which of these is NOT an example of applying the Creation Mandate
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ridiculing a secular scientist because he believes that the earth is 4.5 billion years old
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The three foundational points of a Christian worldview should be the Creation, Fall or Curse, and
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Redemption
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Which of these statements is most true?
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a worldview is based on presuppositions
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Creationary and evolutionary scientists often
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interpret the same data very differently because of their worldviews
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a theoretical, tiny, and dense volume of matter called a singularity is an important component of the
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Big Bang Theory
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Which of these typically comes first in the scientific process?
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Stating a hypothesis
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The _____ theory proposes that a great amount of time occurred between Genesis 1:1 and Genesis 1:2
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gap
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_______ is an idea that is assumed to be true
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presupposition
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A young-earth scientist believes that the earth is about _______ years old
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7000
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Which step in the scientific process would be the last to occur in the scientific study?
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Publishing
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Evolutionists believe that the earth is ________ years old
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4.5 million
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Are the conclusions of historical science as certain as those of operational science?
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no
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What is the glory of God?
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The glory of God is His splendor and majesty. We learn more about it and Him when studying earth science
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The experiments performed by the Large Hadron Collider are an attempt to show
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how the universe started
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Matter is defined as anything that
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occupies space and has mass
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Sweetened tea could be an example of a
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mixture
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Which of these is a pure substance?
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solid aluminum
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If a substance has a fixed (unchanging) volume but not a definite shape, it is in the ______ state
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liquid
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A substance's state of matter is most directly affected by its
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temperature
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In which state of matter do the particles possess the most energy?
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plasma
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If you want to find the mass of an object, you should use a
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balance
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Liters, cubic inches, quarts, and milliliters are all measures of
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volume
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which force is probably the most important to a geologist?
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gravity
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For an object to have kinetic energy, it must be
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moving
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which particle can always be found in the nucleus of any atom?
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proton
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Which of these would be a chemical change?
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Lightning strikes a sprice tree and starts a fire
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The surface of a pong becomes solid enough to hold skaters in the winter:
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freezing
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Gasoline disappears from an open can left in the sun:
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vaporization
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Droplets of water form on the outside of a chilled drink:
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condensation
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It may be ultraviolet or other invisible forms
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light energy
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The toaster cooking your poptart in the morning
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thermal energy
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static in your clothes
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electrical energy
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your friend playing the piano
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sound energy
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eating a bowl of ice cream
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chemical energy
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would you weigh more on the moon?
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no
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have physicists observed dark matter?
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no
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is a force a push or pull?
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yes
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is water an atom?
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no
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does the atomic number mean the number of neutrons?
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no
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can matter be destroyed?
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no
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is a compound 2 or more elements combined in the same proportions?
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yes
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what is the difference between mass and weight?
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mass is the quantity of matter, but weight is the gravitational attraction for an object's mass
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what are three ways to measure matter?
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you can measure matter by it's mass, weight, and volume
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explain the first law of thermodynamics
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the first law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, but only changed from one form to another
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In our labs, what was the difference between descriptive data and measured data? Which one has a problem and why?
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Descriptive data deals with words, and measured data deals with numbers. Descriptive data has a problem because you can't tell the exact amount of something; you can only describe it
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One of the earliest maps in existence dates from the time of
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ancient Babylonia
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a person wh ocreates maps is called a
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cartographer
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north, south, east, and west are known as the ______ directions
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cardinal
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if you were standing at a point that has 0 latitude, you would be standing on
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the equator
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which of these indicated to many educated people before the time of Christ that the earth was actually a sphere
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a lunar eclipse
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what is the highest possible number for longitude reading?
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180 degrees
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the International Date Line passes through
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the western Pacific Ocean
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a map of the US that is shaded to show the ranges of they gray wold and the red wolf would be considered a ______ map
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thematic
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the _________ of a map is often expressed as the ratio of two numbers that indecate the relative size and detail of the features shown on the map
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map scale
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Many maps have a ______, a boxed area where all of the symbols and colors used on the map are defined
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map legend
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Your geographic ________ are the precise latitude and longitude values of your location
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coordinates
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____________ lines on a map connect points of equal elevation
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contour
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GIS stands for
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Geographic Information System
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Our GPS system is based on a constellation of ______ satellites, strategically placed around the earth
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24
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Why are lines of latitude sometimes called parallels?
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lines of latitude are sometimes called parallels because they are horizontally parallel to each other and the equator
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what is a good reason for checking the copyright statement on a map?
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a good reason for checking the copyright statement would be to check the date in was made to see how accurate it is
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what is the key advantage to the way GIS organazers map data?
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the key advantage is to see the earth in layers and be able to plan out certain things
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describe at least two ways GIS or GPS technology can allow us to fulfill the Creation Mandate by protecting lives and property
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GIS can show construction workers where to place a fire hydrant or any other beneficial thing, and GPS can show anyone new to a particular area where to go
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What is GMT?
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GMT is Greenwich Mean Time
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What time is it in Colorado when it is 3:00 pm in Lubbock?
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it is 2:00pm in Colorado
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what time is the GMT when we are in our class?
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it is 1500 in GMT time
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what are the two definitions of day in the Bible?
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the two definitions of day are from sunrise to sunset and one rotation of the earth
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what does Colossians 1:16 say?
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Colossians 1:16 says that all things were created by God, in heaven and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or dominions, principalites or powers. All things were created through Him and for Him.
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our moon is ______ the average moon in our solar system
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much larger than
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the moon's gravity produces
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the tides on earth
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our seasons are most directly caused by
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the earth's rotation
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among other things, the earth's atmosphere protects us from
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meteors
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which planet's gravity is most responsible for keeping asteroids away from the earth?
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Jupiter
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the word "geology" literally means the study of the
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earth
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who restored support for a young-earth view of geology by writing "The Genesis Flood" in 1961?
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both A and B (John Whitcomb and Henry Morris)
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what biblical event would be most in conflict with an old-earth geology viewpoint?
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the Flood
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secular geologists currently believe that the earth's age is
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4-5 billion years
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Young-earth creationists believe the earth's age is about
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6000-7000 years
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which of these questions would fall within the limits of historical geology?
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how did the Grand Canyon form?
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which of these layers of the earth is the thinnest?
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crust
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scientists believe that the earth's core is composed mostly of
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iron
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which of these is a biological natural resource?
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shrimp
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which of these statements is true?
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some biological and some nonbiological natural resources are renewable
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what protects us form harmful radiation particles that are streaming throught space?
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the magnetosphere
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what are geologist called that study earthquake waves?
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seismotologists
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how do geologists learn about the presence of layers in the earth's interior?
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seismic waves
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why is it so significant that the earth is the only planet in our solar system with liquid water on its surface?
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water disolves minerals and greatly affects the temperatures on the planet, so it is designed for life
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what are 8 features of the earth that point to supernatural design?
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mass and structure, tilt and rotation, magnetic field, location in milky way, location in universe, water, relationship to sun, and atmosphere
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explain how you would manage the resources on a piece of forest land in Colorado. Hunting, fishing, camping, and logging here are allowed. How would you know there was a problem and what would you do to solve it?
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hunting and fishing would be allowed; hunting only in the season and fishing too. Campers wouldneed to be responsible and clean. If there was a problem, I would limit or get rid of hunting and fishing, and preserve endangered species
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what determines how fast sound travels through solid objects?
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the stiffness of the metal, the temperature, and the pressure
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do you think pressure and temperature could affect the speed of sound?
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yes, because whether or not the substance is solid, liquid, under pressure or not, changes the speed of sound
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The earliest human recordes date back to _______ years ago
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5000
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Geologically, the term "stratum" refers to
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a layer of rock
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Geologist estimate an absolute age for a rock by using
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radiometric dating
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Scientists who study layers of rocks and their relationships are working in a field called
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stratigraphy
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Which of these has been used to hypothesize which continents were at one time joined?
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magnetic crystals
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How long did Noah and his family spend inside the Ark?
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377 days
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Which book of the Bible contains the most references to cold weather, snow, and ice?
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Job
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The bottom of the diluvial geologic column would be
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the Creation event
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Alfred Wegener was a German meteorologist and geophysicist who proposed the
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continental displacement theory
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If you were a geologist interested in studying the earth's most recently formed crust, where would you go?
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a rift at the mid ocean ridge
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Most secular and young-earth geologists accept the plate tectonics theory, but they usually disagree on
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when it happened
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What hypothesis has been developed by secular scientists to describe how our solar system came into existence?
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the nebular theory
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What are giant moving sections of the earth's crust called?
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plate tectonics
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What is the most significant physical event in earth's history called other than Creation?
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the Flood
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What is the study of the earth's bedrock, earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountains, and the forces that formed them called?
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tectonics and magnetic crystals
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"from nothing"
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ex nihilo
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theoretical global sea
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Panthalassa
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"year of the earth"
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anno mundi
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theoretical supercontinent
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Pangea
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"year of the Lord"
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anno domini
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molten rock
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magma
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Single ice age
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Young earth (YE)
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Literal reading of God's Word
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YE
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Creation from nothing about 7000 years ago
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YE
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Multiple ice ages
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Old Earth (OE)
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Human race began with two people
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YE
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Life evolving
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OE
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A geologic column that spans billions of years
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OE
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the Flood
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YE
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Fossil dating using index fossils
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OE
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Diluvial geologic column
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YE
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Radiometric ages of over millions of years
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OE
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Catastrophic plate tectonics
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YE
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Geosyncline theory
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OE
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"Fountains of the great deep"
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YE
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Slow continental drift
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OE
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Why do we have so many kinds of plants and animals live in our world today?
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We have many kinds of plants and animals because after the Flood, some believe, the simple creatures continued to breed and they became more complex. Some became extinct, and some grew in species and kind.
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How do biblical creationists determine the age of the earth at the time of the Genesis Flood?
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Biblical creationists look at how old Adam and his ancestors were when certain events took place in the Bible. The Bible gives us enough information to resonable estimate when the Flood happened.
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Which of these can cause an earthquake?
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all of these (slipping of a fault, eruption of a volcano, and a landslide)
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Subduction would most likely be occurring at a ______ boundary
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convergent
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What is the major difference between a fault and a joint?
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Faults involve visible movement of rocks, but joints do not
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Most major faults in the US are found in
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mountain ranges
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What is the name of the longest strike-slip fault in southern California?
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San Andreas Fault
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Secondary, smaller earthquakes that result from a major earthquake are called
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aftershocks
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Certain types of seismic waves travel
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in all of these ways (only on the earth's surface, throught the earth, but not the core, and through the earth, including the core)
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Rayleigh and Love waves are both examples of
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surface waves
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what type of fault do most secular geologists believe could explain how "older" fossils were placed above the "younger" fossils (which would normally be on top)?
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overthrust
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One quake measures 6.0 and another measures 7.0 on the Richter scale. How does the second quake's intensity compare with that of the first?
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it is about 32 times as intense
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an ocean wave caused by an earthqeake is called a(n)
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tsunami
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What is an earthquake?
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An earthquake is a series of waves sent out from the focus. Earthquakes can be major or minor
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What is a fault?
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A fault is where a crack occurs on the earth's surface without visible shaking
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How many seismic stations are needed to pinpoint an earthquake's epicenter?
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three
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What is a seismologist?
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A seismologist is a person who studies the intensity or magnitude of an earthquake's waves through seismographs and seismograms
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What is the fastest body wave?
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P waves
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What is another name of a transform fault?
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strile-slip fault
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What is used to express an earthquake's magnitude?
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seismograph and Richter scale
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Can scientists now warn people days in advance of an earthquake?
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no
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Are S waves the last to reach the seismographs?
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no
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Does the Richter scale go from 1 to 10?
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no
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Do all types of rocks under strain respond in the same way?
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no
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Are most earthqeakes too gentle for people to feel?
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yes
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Is a shear force the most significant type of stress causing an earthquake?
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yes
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Why is it inaccurate to call a tsunami a tidal wave?
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A tsunami is a giant wave that results from an earthquake in or near an ocean. A tidal wave results from the moon's gravity, so it is not a tsunami.
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In relation to earthquakes, your textbook states that "...ground shaking alone seldom causes deaths." If this is true, then why do many people die in large earthquakes?
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Yes, this is true because man made things such as buildings can crumble and crush people. Fires used to be problems because gas at gas stations would leak. This is not as much of a problem because gas can gurn off automatically now. Non-sturdy buildings cause most deaths during large earthquakes.
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What are several factors affecting the intensity of an earthquake and its effect on people?
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How long the earthquake lasts, the Richter scale magnitude, and how populated the city is effect the intensity and people
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Why is it difficult to predict earthquakes?
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Earthquakes are difficult to predict because they occur suddenly and out of nowhere. Today, we can use vertain resourves to tell conditions that an earthquake might result from.
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The highest moutnain in the world is
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Mt. Everest
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Elevation is the height of a mountain's peak above
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mean sea level
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Which of the following would you expect to have the greatest relief?
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a region having mountains and valleys
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mountains can be
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all of these (underwater, on continents, and islands)
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the longest and most extensive mountain system on the earth is the
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Mid Atlantic Ridge
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What type of mountain is predominant in the Sierra Nevada range?
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fault-block
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Almost the entire state of Michigan is a ______ caused by _______
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basin/subsidence
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Which of the following does not belong with the other three?
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fault-block
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Which of these is not a primary cause of most depositional hills and mountains?
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uplifting
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Which type of mountain applies to a volcano?
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depositional
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The geologic history of the origin of mountains is called _____
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orogeny
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A(n) ______ is a trough-like fold of rock strata
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syncline
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a _______ is a large area of flat, elevated land
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plateau
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Mountain is to hill as mesa is to
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butte
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a ridge deposited by glaciers is called a
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moraine
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Is mount everest getting taller?
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yes
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were mountains most likely formed during the Flood?
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yes
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Do glaciers form moraines and drumlins?
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yes
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do tectonicmountains form not only at convergent zones but also at divergent zones?
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yes
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do contour lines on a map join elevations on a map?
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yes
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A certain mountain's peak is 2300 meters above sea level. its bas is 200 meters below sea level. what is its actual height?
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(2300 + 200) 2500 meters = actual height
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What do closely spaced contour lines on a map indicate?
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high (greater) relief or steepness
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Changes in which two factors cause the extreme changes in biomes as you climb the summit of a tall mountain such as Kilimanjaro?
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Rainfall and temperature
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List at least three forces that move sediment to change the earth's surface
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gravity, wind, and water move sediment
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Describe some of the unique geologic features of the western United States from a biblical perspective
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Due to the Flood, many landforms such as mountains, valleys, plateaus, and basins were formed. Sediments were put down in featured areas too.
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