Sed Rocks Handout 17

Front 1

Transport media:

Back 1

Gravity

Water

Air

Ice

Dense sediment and water texture

Front 2

The simplest mechanism of sediment transport

Back 2

Gravity

Front 3

generate piles of sediment at the base of slopes, typically consisting mainly of

coarse debris that is not subsequently reworked by other processes.

Back 3

Rock falls

Front 4

accumulations as seen along the sides of valleys in mountainous areas.

Back 4

Scree

Front 5

are localized in mountainous areas and occasionally along coasts: they are

rarely preserved in the stratigraphic record.

Back 5

Scree deposits

Front 6

The most significant of all transport mechanisms.

Back 6

Water

Front 7

This can pick up dust and sand and carry it large distances.

Back 7

Wind

Front 8

over long time periods it moves across the land surface, albeit very slowly.

Back 8

Ice

Front 9

Explain the Reynolds number in terms of Velocity flow and kinematic viscosity

Back 9

With increased velocity the flow is more likely to be turbulent

Fluids with low kinematic viscosity, such as air, are turbulent at low velocities so all natural flows in air that can transport particles are turbulent

Front 10

measures a substance's resistance to flow.

Back 10

Absolute viscosity

Front 11

is a property of liquids and gases that represents how easily a given substance can flow.

Back 11

Kinematic viscosity

Front 12

the clasts move by rolling along at the bottom of the air or water flow without losing contact with the bed surface.

Back 12

Rolling

Front 13

the particles move in a series of jumps, periodically leaving the bed surface, and carried short distances within the body of the fluid before returning to the bed again.

Back 13

Saltation

Front 14

turbulence within the flow produces sufficient upward motion to keep particles in the moving fluid more-or-less continually.

Back 14

Suspension

Front 15

- the fluid velocity at which a particle becomes entrained in the flow

Back 15

Critical Velocity

Front 16

It shows the relationship between water flow velocity and grain size

Back 16

Hju”istrom diagram

Front 17

Draw the Hju”istom diagram

Back 17

Back (Definition)

Front 18

is therefore a rather high viscosity fluid that is capable of transporting large amounts of clastic debris.

Back 18

Ice

Front 19

When there is a very high concentration of sediment in water the mixture forms a

Back 19

Debris flow

Front 20

the behaviour of moving fluid

Back 20

Fluid dynamics

Front 21

- all molecules within the fluid move parallel to each other in the direction of transport:

Back 21

Laminar flow

Front 22

molecules in the fluid move in all directions but with a net movement in the transport direction

Back 22

Turbulent flow

Front 23

He who documented the distinction between laminar and turbulent motion

Back 23

Osborne Reynolds

Front 24

a dimensionless quantity that indicates the extent to which a flow is laminar or turbulent.

Back 24

Reynolds Number (Re)

Front 25

the ratio between the density of the fluid and viscosity of the fluid

Back 25

Velocity flow

Front 26

Draw the Hju”istom diagram

Back 26

Back (Definition)

Front 27

Draw the Hju”istrom diagram

Back 27

Back (Definition)