Respiratory Pharmacology Test #1

Front 1

Tachyphylaxis

Back 1

rapidly decreasing response to a drug following administration of the initial dose

Front 2

What do Beta agonists do?

Back 2

Causes smooth muscle relaxation resulting in dilation of bronchial passages

Front 3

atopic

Back 3

hereditary disorder- develop immediate allergic reactions to pollen, food, dander, asthma, etc.

Front 4

efficacy

Back 4

therapeutic effect of a given intervention is acceptable.

Front 5

Hypersensitivity

Back 5

undesirable (sometimes damaging or fatal)reactions produced by the normal immune system

Front 6

What are the most abundant catecholamines?

Back 6

epinephrine (adrenaline) norepinephrin(noradrenaline) dopamine

Front 7

pharmacognosy

Back 7

is the study of medicines from natural sources

Front 8

pharmacogenetics

Back 8

study or clinical testing of genetic variation that gives rise to differing response to drugs

Front 9

therapeutics

Back 9

the art of treating disease with drugs

Front 10

toxicology

Back 10

study of toxic substances and thier pharmacological actions including antidotes and posion.

Front 11

pharmacokinetics

Back 11

determination of the fate of substances administered to living organisms

Front 12

pharmacodynamics

Back 12

studing the reactions between drugs and living organisms

Front 13

list the 5 names of a drug

Back 13

chemical, code, official, generic and brand (trade) name.

Front 14

what is a drug code name?

Back 14

name the manufacturer assign to it while it was still an experimental chemical, cuz it showed potential

Front 15

orphan drug

Back 15

drugs not considered to be commercially viable because of rareness of disease.

Front 16

what do adrenergic agents do?

Back 16

bronchodilation

Front 17

what do anticholinergic agents do?

Back 17

relaxation of cholinergic induced bronchoconstriction improving ventilator flow rates in asthma and copd

Front 18

what do mucoactive agents do?

Back 18

lower viscosity of mucus and promote clearance of secretion

Front 19

what do corticosteroids do?

Back 19

reduce inflammatation in the airways of asthmatics and patients with rhinitis

Front 20

what do antiasthmatic agents do?

Back 20

inhibit chemical mediators of inflammation in asthmatics

Front 21

what do exogenous surfactants do?

Back 21

restore normal lung compliance in respiratory distress syndrome of newborns

Front 22

what are the advantages of oral inhalation of meds?

Back 22

doses are smaller, less side effects, rapid effects, convenience

Front 23

what are the 3 phases in the course of a drug's action?

Back 23

administration phase pharmacokinetic phase pharmacodynamic phase

Front 24

what does MDI stand for?

Back 24

metered dose inhaler

Front 25

what are the 5 categoies of drug administration?

Back 25

enteral (GI tract), parenteral (injection), inhalation, transdermal (systemic), topical (local)

Front 26

What are the 3 most common options for injecting a drug.

Back 26

intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous

Front 27

What is pharmacokinetics?

Back 27

what the body does to a drug

Front 28

What is pharmacodynamics?

Back 28

what a drug does to the body

Front 29

name the 5 barriers to drug absorption in the lining of the lower respiratory tract.

Back 29

1 airway surface liquid, 2 epithelial cells, 3 basement membrane, 4 interstitium, 5 capillary vascular network

Front 30

What is Pinocytosis?

Back 30

like phagocytosis, except non-selective. Primarily used for the absorption of ECF.

Front 31

what do adrenergic agents do?

Back 31

bronchodilation

Front 32

what do anticholinergic agents do?

Back 32

relaxation of cholinergic induced bronchoconstriction improving ventilator flow rates in asthma and copd

Front 33

what do mucoactive agents do?

Back 33

lower viscosity of mucus and promote clearance of secretion

Front 34

what do corticosteroids do?

Back 34

reduce inflammatation in the airways of asthmatics and patients with rhinitis

Front 35

what do antiasthmatic agents do?

Back 35

inhibit chemical mediators of inflammation in asthmatics

Front 36

what do exogenous surfactants do?

Back 36

restore normal lung compliance in respiratory distress syndrome of newborns

Front 37

what are the advantages of oral inhalation of meds?

Back 37

doses are smaller, less side effects, rapid effects, convenience

Front 38

what are the 3 phases in the course of a drug's action?

Back 38

administration phase pharmacokinetic phase pharmacodynamic phase

Front 39

what does MDI stand for?

Back 39

metered dose inhaler

Front 40

what are the 5 categoies of drug administration?

Back 40

enteral (GI tract), parenteral (injection), inhalation, transdermal (systemic), topical (local)

Front 41

What are the 3 most common options for injecting a drug.

Back 41

intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous

Front 42

What is pharmacokinetics?

Back 42

what the body does to a drug

Front 43

What is pharmacodynamics?

Back 43

what a drug does to the body

Front 44

name the 5 barriers to drug absorption in the lining of the lower respiratory tract.

Back 44

1 airway surface liquid, 2 epithelial cells, 3 basement membrane, 4 interstitium, 5 capillary vascular network

Front 45

What is Pinocytosis?

Back 45

like phagocytosis, except non-selective. Primarily used for the absorption of ECF.

Front 46

First pass effect
(only applies to orally taken meds)

Back 46

amount of a drug that get matabolized by the liver before it gets into systemic cirulation

Front 47

what is clearance?

Back 47

a measure of the bodies ability to rid itself of a drug, often expressed as total systemic or plasm clearance

Front 48

What is the unit of measurment that clearance is usually expressed in?

Back 48

L/hr

Front 49

What are time-plasma curves?

Back 49

a graph of the concentration of a drug in the plasma over a period of time.

Front 50

inhaled aerosols are deposited on the surface of the airways and thus are a form of __ administered drug.

Back 50

topically

Front 51

structure activity relation

Back 51

matching a drug molecule with a receptor or enzyme in the body based on structural similarity.

Front 52

antagonist

Back 52

a drug or chemical that is able to bind to a receptor (has affinity) but causes no response (zero efficacy)

Front 53

agonist

Back 53

binds to a corresponding receptor (has affinity) and initiates a cellular effect (has affinity)

Front 54

chemical antagonism

Back 54

direct chemical interaction between drug and biologic mediator which inactivates the drug.

Front 55

functional antagonism

Back 55

when two drugs each produce and effect and the two effects cancel each other out.

Front 56

competitive antagonism

Back 56

binds to a receptor but fails to activate it and fights with any agonist that come for the receptor.

Front 57

Drug synergism

Back 57

drugs interact in ways that enhance or magnify effects, or side effects, of those drugs

Front 58

drug additivity

Back 58

2 drugs act on the same recptors and the combined effect is the simple linear sum of both drugs

Front 59

drug potentiation

Back 59

when two drugs are taken together and one of them intensifies the action of the other.

Front 60

name 6 drug sources

Back 60

plant, animal, living organisms, dna, minerals and chemicals