Psychology Quiz 1 Review

Front 1

Define psychology.

Back 1

the scientific study of behavior and mental processes.

Front 2

Wilhelm Wundt

Back 2

Known as the father of psychology. wrote the first text book and the first school of thought, Structuralism.

Front 3

Define structuralism.

Back 3

the focus on breaking down mental processes in the most basic component.

Front 4

William James

Back 4

First american psychologist. his first school of thought is functinalism.

Front 5

Define functionalism.

Back 5

the focus of mental processes as a whole.

Front 6

Edward Titchener

Back 6

Wundt's student

Front 7

Sigmund Freud

Back 7

father of psychoanalysis

Front 8

John Watson

Back 8

founder of behaviorism

Front 9

B. F. Skinner

Back 9

his work had profound influence in behaviorism.

Front 10

Perspectives of psychology

Back 10

1. biological
2. psychodynamic
3. behavioral
4. humanistic
5. cognative
6. cross-cultural
7. evolutionary

Front 11

Biological perspective

Back 11

study of the physiological mechanism in the brain and nervous system that organize and control behavior.

Front 12

Focuses of biological psychology

Back 12

1. individual neurons
2. areas of the brain
3. specific functions like eating, emotion, or learning

Front 13

Psychodynamic perspective

Back 13

emphasizes on the role of the unconscious mind, early childhood experiences, and interpersonal relationships to explain human behavior.

Front 14

Behavior perspective

Back 14

focuses on learned behavior:
1. classical conditioning (Pavlov and Watson)
2. operant conditioning (Skinner)
3. observational learining (Bandura)

Front 15

Humanistic perspective

Back 15

empheasis on the role of motivation on thought and behavior. influence greatly by Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow.

Front 16

Cognitive perspective

Back 16

how knowledge is acquired, orginized, remembered, and used to guide behavior.

Front 17

Cross-Cultural perspective

Back 17

researchers looking at human behaviors accross different cultures.

Front 18

Evolutionary perspective

Back 18

the study of how evolution explains physiological processes,. they aid in survival and reproduction.

Front 19

Goals of psychology

Back 19

1. describe
2. explain
3. predict
4. control (influence)

Front 20

Basic research

Back 20

to increase scientific knoledge base, and to find theoretical truth and understanding.

Front 21

Applied research

Back 21

for the purpose of solving practical problems and improving the quality of life.

Front 22

Scientific method

Back 22

1. formulate testable questions
2. design study to collect data
3. analyze data
4. report results

Front 23

Theory

Back 23

tenative explainations for observed findings

Front 24

Descriptive research methods

Back 24

1. naturalistic observation
2. laboratory observation
3. case study
4. survey research

Front 25

Naturalistic observation

Back 25

obersvation and record of behavior in it's natural form

Front 26

Laboratory observation

Back 26

observation and record of behavior in a lab (more controlled)

Front 27

Case study

Back 27

a depth study with one or a few participants to provide a descrption of behavior or disorder.

Front 28

Survey research

Back 28

interviews and/or questionnaires to gather information

Front 29

Experiments

Back 29

direct way to test a hypothesis about a cause and effect between factors

Front 30

Independent variable

Back 30

controlled by the experimentor

Front 31

dependent variable

Back 31

the other is observed and measured

Front 32

experimental group

Back 32

group exposed to the independent variable and treatment

Front 33

control group

Back 33

same as experimental group, without being exposed to the independent variable

Front 34

correlation method

Back 34

to establish the relationship between two characteristics, events or behaviors

Front 35

correlation coefficient

Back 35

numerical value the indicates strength and direction of the relationship (always between -1.00 and +1.00)