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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Piaget's theory stages - pg 60-62
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Sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operations, formal operations
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At what ages does sensorimotor stage usually happen and what are the characteristics of sensorimotor?
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Cognitive stage in the first two years of life that involves learning how to coordinate the activies of the senses with motor activites
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At what ages does preoperational stage usually happen and what are the characteristics of preoperational?
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Cognitive stage from age two to seven during which the child becomes capable of representing the world symbolically- for exampel, through the use of language- but is still very limited in ability to use mental operations
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At what ages does concreate operations stage usually happen and what are the characteristics of concreate operations?
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Cognitive stage from 7-11 in which children learn to use mental operations but are limited to applying them to concrete, observable, situations rather than hypothetical situations
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At what ages does formal operations stage usually happen and what are the characteristics of formal operations?
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Cognitive stage from age 11 on up in which people learn to think systematically about possibilities and hypotheses.
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What is Hypothetical- deductive reasoning?
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Piaget's term for the process by which the formal operational thinker systematically tests possible solutions to a problem and arrives at an answer that can be defended and explained.
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What is metacognition?
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The capacity of "thinking about thinking" that allows adolescents and adults to monitor and reason about their thought processes.
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What are the stages of reflective judgment?
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dualistic thinking, multiple thinking, relativism, commitment
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At what ages does dualistic thinking usually happen and what are the characteristics of dualistic thinking?
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Cognitive tendency to see situations and issues in polarized, absolute, black and white terms. So either right or wrong and no in-between. This usually happens with adolescents and first year college students.
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At what ages does multiple thinking usually happen and what are the characteristics of multiple thinking?
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Usually beginning in emerging adults. multiple thinking is cognitive approach entailing recognition that there is more than one legitimate view of things and that it can be difficult to justify one position as the true and accurate one.
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At what ages does relativism usually happen and what are the characteristics of relativism?
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Starting in early twenties- cognitive ability of competing points of view, but also compare the relative merits of competing views
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At what ages does commitment usually happen and what are the characteristics of commitment?
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Usually by end of college years, cognitive status in which peorsons commit themselves to certain points of view they believe to be the most valid while at the same time being open to reevaluating their views if new evidence is presented to them.
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What is short-term memory?
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Short-term memory- Memory for information that is the current focus of attention.
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What is automaticity?
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Degree of cognitive effort a person needs to devote to processing a given set of information.
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What is critical thinking? How do adolescent use critical thinking?
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Critical thinking is thinking that involves not merely memorizing information but analyzing it, making judgments about what it means, relating it to other information, and considering ways in which it might be valid or invalid. According to Daniel Keating, adolescent have the potential for critical thinking in several ways. 1. They have a wider range of knowledge available in long-term memory, thus, the ability to analyze and make judgments about new information is enchanced because more previous knowledge is available for comparison. 2. The ability to consider different kinds of knowledge simultaneously is increased, which makes it possible to think of new combinations of knowledge, 3. More metacognitive strategies are available for applying or gaining knowledge.
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What is the concept of "personal fable" among adolescent?
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A belief in one's personal uniqueness, often including a sense of invulnerability to the consequences of taking risks. For adolescence,its the concept when adolescent feels invincible
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