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49 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Wundt

First psych lab



Titchener

Pioneered psych in the USA

James

Wrote first psych txtbk, championed functionalism

Freud

Most famous psychologist


Presented psychoanalytic perspective


Focuses on the role of unconscious thoughts and feelings in driving behavior

Biological perspectives

Focus on how we are influenced by our biology

Behavioral perpextices

Focus on how we are influenced by past experiences/ what has happened to us

Cognitive perspectives

Focus on how we are influenced by what we know, remember and believe

Psychodynamic perspectice

Focus on how we are influenced by unconscious desires

Name all 5 research methods

-experiment


-quasi experiment


-correlation


-survey


-observation

Define population

Everyone u are interested in

Define sample

People who actually participate in the study (representative of the population)

Define sample

People who actually participate in the study (representative of the population)

Define IV

What the experimenter decides (if they play video game or not)

Define Dv

What happens to sample after (measured aggression)

5 thi8ngs a good experiment has

-random sample of pop of interest


-and IV w at least 2 conditions


-a DV


-random assignment


-control of extraneous variables

5 thi8ngs a good experiment has

-random sample of pop of interest


-and IV w at least 2 conditions


-a DV


-random assignment


-control of extraneous variables

Operational definitions

Must decide how we are going to manipulate the IV and measure the DV

Quasi experiment

-IV is not manipulated by their researcher


-ppl placed in different condition b/c of preexisting condition ie no random assignment


-not a ‘true experiment ‘ b/c lack of random assignment means cannot identify cause and effect

Correlation

-looking for relationship b/w variables


-no IV nothing is manipulated


-looking for pattern in data

Correlation

-looking for relationship b/w variables


-no IV nothing is manipulated


-looking for pattern in data

Positive correlation

High score in one variable associated with high score on the other

Negative correlation

High score in one variable associated w low score on the other

Negative correlation

High score in one variable associated w low score on the other

Why are correlations tricky to interpret

Don’t know which variable came first, also can’t rule out that a third variable is behind the relationship

Negative correlation

High score in one variable associated w low score on the other

Why are correlations tricky to interpret

Don’t know which variable came first, also can’t rule out that a third variable is behind the relationship

Name 3 issues with surveys

-hard to get random sample (ppl who0 respond unlikely to b e typical)


-how question is phrased will impact the response (order in which order is presented can change the answer as well)


-pl often lie and give response that is more desirable

Negative correlation

High score in one variable associated w low score on the other

Why are correlations tricky to interpret

Don’t know which variable came first, also can’t rule out that a third variable is behind the relationship

Name 3 issues with surveys

-hard to get random sample (ppl who0 respond unlikely to b e typical)


-how question is phrased will impact the response (order in which order is presented can change the answer as well)


-pl often lie and give response that is more desirable

Observation

—includes listening


-may yield surprising results

Negative correlation

High score in one variable associated w low score on the other

Why are correlations tricky to interpret

Don’t know which variable came first, also can’t rule out that a third variable is behind the relationship

Name 3 issues with surveys

-hard to get random sample (ppl who0 respond unlikely to b e typical)


-how question is phrased will impact the response (order in which order is presented can change the answer as well)


-pl often lie and give response that is more desirable

Observation

—includes listening


-may yield surprising results

Issues with obervations

If people know they’re being watched they may change their behavior (reactivity)

Define descriptive statistics

Describe and summarize data

Define descriptive statistics

Describe and summarize data

3 factors of central tendancy

-mean


-median


-mode

2 factors of variability

-range


-standard deviation

How to find mean

Aka average (total/#ppl)

How to find median

Arrange coats from lowest to highest an find the middle number ( if even find the halfway b/w two numbers)

How to find median

Arrange coats from lowest to highest an find the middle number ( if even find the halfway b/w two numbers)

How to find mode

Number that repeats often (not all data has a mode)

How to find range

Highesat score- lowest score

Inferential statistics

Determines whether results may just b e by chance

Inferential statistics

Determines whether results may just b e by chance

What is a significant result

-unlikely to have occurred just by chance thus we conclude IV did impact the DV

4 important principles of research ethics

-informed consent


-minimal risk


-confidentiality


-debriefing