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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acetylcholine |
A neurotransmitter that has many functions in the brain, including the promotion of neuronal plasticity |
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Acquired Equivalence |
Prior training that two stimuli were equivalent increased the amount of generalization between them - even if those stimuli were superficially dissimilar |
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Category Learning |
the process by which animals and humans learn to classify stimuli into different categories |
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combinatorial explosion |
stems from the rapid expansion of resources required to encode configurations |
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configural node |
Acts as a detector for the unique configuration (or combination) of cues
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consequential region |
Will novel stimuli have the same consequence as a training stimulus |
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discrimination |
Perception of differences between stimuli |
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Discrimination training |
One of two different (but similar) stimuli are presented, and the two must be differentiated between |
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Discrete-component representation |
each possible stimulus is represented by its own unique node (or "component") in the model |
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Distributed Representation |
stimuli are represented by overlapping sets of nodes or stimulus elements |
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generalization |
transfer of past learning to new situations and problems |
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Generalization Gradient |
a curve showing how changes in the physical properties of stimuli (plotted on the horizontal axis) correspond to changes in responding (plotted on the vertical axis) |
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Hippocampal region |
Learning about relationships among stimuli in the environment is part of the special role in learning and conditioning served by the hippocampus and related structures - in rats and other small animals |
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Medial temporal lobe |
Learning about relationships among stimuli in the environment is part of the special role in learning and conditioning served by the hippocampus and related structures - in humans |
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negative patterning |
Response to the individual cues is positive while the response to the compound ("pattern") is negative (no response) |
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Nucleus Basalis |
Projects to all areas of the cortex and amygdala |
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receptive field |
the range (or "field") of physical stimuli that activate it |
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sensory preconditioning |
the prior presentation of two stimuli together, as a compound, results in a later tendency for any learning about one of these stimuli to generalize to the other. |
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Stimulus representation |
the form in which information about a stimuli is encoded with a model of the brain |
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temporal lobe |
the part of the cerebral cortex lying at the sides of the human brain; important for the language and auditory processing and for learning new facts and forming new memories of events |
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topographic representation |
nodes responding to physically similar stimuli (such as yellow and yellow-orange lights) are placed next to each other in the model |
