Poultry Med Mod 1

Front 1

The skin of poultry is composed of

Back 1

Stratified squamous epithelium

Underlying vascular dermis

Front 2

Area where the skin thickens and becomes more vascular, provides incubation for eggs

Back 2

Brooding patches

Front 3

Hallmark of class aves

Back 3

Presence of feathers

Front 4

An extension of dermal tissue into the shaft of the feather and is prominent only during growth

Back 4

Feather pulp

Front 5

A large growing feather that can cause hemorrhage

Back 5

Blood feather

Front 6

Comprises of flight feathers, has interlocking nature

Back 6

Contour feather

Front 7

Fluffy feathers, no interlocking

Back 7

Down feathers

Front 8

Semi rigid shaft and multiple barbs form the

Back 8

Vane

Front 9

Feathers are not uniformly distributed in the body, instead occuring in

Back 9

Feather tracts

Front 10

Areas relatively free from contour feathers, notable under wings

Back 10

Apteria (apterium)

Front 11

When do chickens molt

Back 11

After 12 months

Front 12

Restriction of food and water results to

Back 12

Forced molt

Front 13

Bilobed gland that opens to a raised papilla between tail feathers

Back 13

Uropygial gland

Front 14

Oily secretion is spread how?

Back 14

Preening behavior

Front 15

Used as a weapon for male chickens and turkeys

Back 15

Spur

Front 16

Located on the dorsal midline

Back 16

Comb

Front 17

Hangs from the ventral face

Back 17

Paired wattles

Front 18

Decorate the sides of the head

Back 18

Ear lobes

Front 19

Irregular bumps on the heads of turkeys

Back 19

Caruncles

Front 20

Finger like flesh that hangs from the dorsal aspect of the face down across the beak

Back 20

Snood

Front 21

Yellowish color of skin is due to

Back 21

Carotenoid pigment, xantophyll

Front 22

Vertebral formula of fowls

Back 22

C14-17, T5-7, L/S14, Cy5-6

Front 23

Vertebrae in thoracic region

Back 23

Notarium

Front 24

Vertebrae in lumbosacral region

Back 24

Synsacrum

Front 25

Last few caudal vertebrae

Back 25

Pygostyle

Front 26

Provides a solid mass of stability of the tail feathers

Back 26

Pygostyle

Front 27

Shoulder girdle comprises the

Back 27

Scapula

Coracoid

Clavicle

Front 28

Bridge between the shoulder joint and sternum

Back 28

Coracoid

Front 29

Acts as a bony strut to maintain distance between 2 shoulders

Back 29

Furcula

Front 30

Long bones of the metacarpal region

Back 30

Carpometacarpal bones

Front 31

Thumb, possess 2 phalanges

Back 31

Pollux

Front 32

Dramatically modified for flight, primary site of attachment of pec. muscles

Back 32

Sternum

Front 33

Shield like mass of the sternum

Back 33

Keel or sternal crest

Front 34

Produce the downbeat of the wings that is essential to provide lift during flight

Back 34

M. Pectorals

Front 35

Featherless and covered by thick keratinous epidermis

Back 35

Beak

Front 36

How does the mouth of birds differ from mammals

Back 36

The palate is incompletely fused

Front 37

Longitudinal opening between oral and nasal cavities

Back 37

Choanal cleft

Front 38

Characterized by a raised pharyngeal mound

Back 38

Pharyngeal floor

Front 39

Laryngeal mound features the

Back 39

Aditus laryngeus

Front 40

Distensible dilation in the esophagus

Back 40

Crop or ingluvies

Front 41

Type of stomach in birds

Back 41

Bipartite

Front 42

First chamber, provides pepsin and HCL

Back 42

proventriculus / glandular stomach

Front 43

Second chamber, largely fills the lower left of the body cavity

Back 43

Gizzard / muscular stomach

Front 44

Highly keratinized mucosa on the inside of the gizzard, forms a thick leathery sheet, removed during processing

Back 44

Cuticle

Front 45

Forms a distinctive loop with the pancreas

Back 45

Duodenum

Front 46

Longest segment of the small intestine, retains remnant of the embryonic connection to the yolk sac

Back 46

Jejunum

Front 47

Assumes an immune function after retraction of yolk sac before hatching

Back 47

Meckel's diverticulum

Front 48

Terminates at the large intestine

Back 48

Ileum

Front 49

Diverticula of colon in duck chickens and turkeys

Back 49

10-25 cm

Front 50

Diverticula of colon is

Back 50

22-34 cm

Front 51

Provide a site of digestion of fiber

Back 51

Paired ceca

Front 52

Wild birds that eat seeds

Back 52

Granivores

Front 53

Short and straight, terminating at the sphincter interposed between large instestin and cloaca

Back 53

Colon

Front 54

Expanded region that is common to the GI and urogenital tracts

Back 54

Cloaca

Front 55

Cloaca is divided by

Back 55

Ring folds

Front 56

Dilated region that temporarily holds feces

Back 56

Coprodeum

Front 57

Feautures openings of 2 ureters in dorsal aspect of lumen

Back 57

Urodeum

Front 58

Last portion of the cloaca

Back 58

Proctodeum

Front 59

Opens into the dorsal aspect of the proctodeum

Back 59

Bursa of Fabricius (cloacal bursa)

Front 60

Lined by lymphoreticular tissue and is largest in juvenile animal gradually becoming smaller as the bird ages

Back 60

Bursa

Front 61

In anseriformes, the proctodeum also houses the

Back 61

Male copulatory organ

Front 62

Oral end of the trachea is guarded by

Back 62

Larynx

Front 63

Larynx has 2 cartilage

Back 63

Cricoid

Arytenoid

Front 64

Prominence caudal to the tongue

Back 64

Laryngeal mound

Front 65

Protector of the airway

Back 65

Larynx

Front 66

Organ of phonation in birds

Back 66

Syrinx

Front 67

Blind ended expansions of the respiratory tree

Back 67

Air sacs

Front 68

Modified bones

Back 68

Pneumatic bones

Front 69

Epithelium of the air sacs

Back 69

Simple squamous epitheliun

Front 70

Resting heart rate

Back 70

200-350 beats per minute

Front 71

Normal body temp

Back 71

41-43 C

Front 72

Avian kidneys lie on the ventral surface of the

Back 72

Synsacrum

Front 73

Kidney is divided into

Back 73

Cranial, middle, caudal lobes

Front 74

Unique system that birds have

Back 74

Renal portal system

Front 75

Receives venous blood from the caudal body and distributes it to the second capillary system

Back 75

Cranial and caudal renal portal veins

Front 76

Similar to reptiles, do not include segment, contained in the outer zones of the lobules

Back 76

Reptillian-type nephron

Front 77

Nephron that does not have segments, loops extend downward

Back 77

Mammalian-type nephrons

Front 78

Birds excrete

Back 78

Uric acid

Front 79

Female repro id divided into

Back 79

Ovary and oviduct

Front 80

Cluster of developing yolks or ova located midway between the neck and tail of bird

Back 80

Ovary

Front 81

How many ova can grow

Back 81

13k to 14k

Front 82

Ovum is surrounded by

Back 82

Vitelline membrane

Front 83

Release of mature ovum

Back 83

Ovulation

Front 84

Second part of the femal repro, long convoluted tubule 25-27 inches long divided into 5 sections

Back 84

Oviduct

Front 85

Ovum ruptures along the

Back 85

Suture line or stigma

Front 86

Release of ova occurs

Back 86

30-75 minutes

Front 87

First part of the oviduct, 3 to 4 in long, enguls ovum

Back 87

Infundibulum

Front 88

Ovum remains in the infundibulum for

Back 88

15-18 mins

Front 89

Serves as a reservoir for spermatozoa

Back 89

Infundibulum

Front 90

13 inches long, largest section of oviduct, ovum remains here for 3 hours which albumen is added

Back 90

Magnum

Front 91

4 inches long, egg remains here for 75 mins, narrow band of tissue connecring two parts of anatomical structure, where inner and outer shell membrane is added

Back 91

Isthmus

Front 92

4-5 inches long, egg stays here foe 20 plus hours, shell is placed here as well as pigment deposition

Back 92

Shell gland or uterus

Front 93

Shell is made up of

Back 93

Calcium carbonate

Front 94

4-5 inches long does not play a part in egg formation, help push egg out of the hen

Back 94

Vagina

Front 95

Laying of the fully formed egg

Back 95

Oviposition

Front 96

Added to the egg in vagina prior to oviposition

Back 96

Bloom or cuticle

Front 97

Can store sperm for long periods of time 10 days to 2 weekz

Back 97

Sperm host glands

Front 98

Total time of egg formation

Back 98

25-26 hours

Front 99

Phenomenon the occurs due to age of hen or genetics

Back 99

Double-yolked eggs

Front 100

When shell becomes damaged but is repaired

Back 100

Body check

Front 101

Elliptical shaped and light yellow in color

Back 101

Testes

Front 102

Serve as the copulatory organ

Back 102

Papillae

Front 103

Rudimentary copulatory organ

Back 103

Located in the medial ventral portion of cloaca and used to classify sex

Front 104

Surgical castration of mae chickens

Back 104

Caponization

Front 105

Male chickens are typically caponized at

Back 105

2-4 weeks

Front 106

Responsible for voluntary actions

Back 106

CNS

Front 107

Responsible for involuntary action

Back 107

Autonomic nervous system

Front 108

Most common method employed to slaughter poultry

Back 108

Water bath stunner, electrical stunning

Front 109

Alternative method for alaughter

Back 109

Controlled atmosphere killing

Front 110

Includes inherent ways in which poultry resists disease

Back 110

Non specific immune mechanism

Front 111

Non specific mechanisms include

Back 111

Genetic factors

Body temperature

Anatomic features

Normal microflora

Respiratory tract cilia

Front 112

Some strains of chickens are genetically resistant to

Back 112

Lymphoid leukosis virus

Front 113

Ways on how we can disrupt the balance of microflora

Back 113

Improper use of antibiotics

Poor sanitation

Front 114

Characterized by specificity, heterogenecity, and memory

Back 114

Specific immune system

Front 115

Includes immunoglobulins and cells that produce 5hem

Back 115

Non cellular component

Front 116

Cells that produce antibodies

Back 116

B lymphocytes

Front 117

B lymphocytes are produced in the

Back 117

Liver, yolk sac, bone marrow

Front 118

Found in the eye socket

Back 118

Harderian gland

Front 119

Prevents programminf B cells

Back 119

Gumboro disease

Infectious bursal disease

Marek's disease

Front 120

Includes all cells that react with specificity to antigens, T lymphocytes

Back 120

Cellular component