Positive And Stess Psychology

Front 1

What are the three main aims of positive psychology?

Back 1

1. Psychology should be just as concerned with human strength as it is with weaknesses. It should be just as concerned with building strength as it is with repairing damage

2. It should be interested in the best things in life

3. It should be concerned with making the lives of normal people fulfilling, and with genius, with nurturing high talent

Front 2

What are the three “happy” lives? And what entails?

Back 2

The Pleasant Life: Involves having as many pleasures as possible. Learning the skills to amplify them. Issues are that it’s heritable, and it habituates (gets people very accustomed)

The Good Life: Is the experience of discovering personal virtues and strengths and employing them creatively to enhance our lives. The ability to discover personal virtues is flow

The Meaningful Life: Involves employing personal strengths for a purpose greater than ourselves.

Front 3

What is Flow?

Back 3

A mental state in which a person performing activity is fully immersed in a feeling of energized focus, full involvement, and enjoyment in the process of the activity. When one is completely absorbed in an activity that one loses all sense of time and space

Front 4

What are the seven caring habits of happy people?

Back 4

1. Supporting

2. Encouraging

3. Listening

4. Accepting

5. Trusting

6. Respecting

7. Negotiating Differences

Front 5

What are the seven deadly habits?

Back 5

1. Criticizing

2. Blaming

3. Complaining

4. Nagging

5. Threatening

6. Punishing

7. Bribing or rewarding to control

Front 6

What are the six constructs of the health belief model (HBM)? And what is the application?

Back 6

Perceived Susceptibility: Ones opinion of chances of getting a condition. Believing one can get/already has a condition

Perceived Severity: Ones opinion of how serious a condition and it’s consequences are. Believing that the consequences of getting this specific condition is severe enough to want to avoid

Perceived Benefits: Ones opinion in the efficacy of advised action to reduce risk or seriousness of impact. Believing that the recommended action will be beneficial

Perceived Barriers: One’s opinion of the tangible and psychological costs of the advised action. Identifying one’s personal barriers towards an action

Cues to Action: Strategies to activate “readiness.” Reminders of cues for action in the form of incentives or reminders.

Self-Efficacy: Confidence in one’s ability to take action. Receiving training and guidance in performing action.

Front 7

What is the scope and application of the HBM?

Back 7

1. Preventative health behaviors, which include health-promoting

2. Sick role behaviors which refer to compliance with recommended medical regimens

3. Clinic use, which includes physician visits for a variety of reasons

Front 8

What are the primary appraisals of a stressful situation? And what are the interpretations of the stressful situation?

Back 8

Irrelevant: The situation holds no relevance to the person

Positive: The situation can be seen from a positive view

Stressful: The situation is relevant and has no positive outcome.

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Harm/Loss: Experiencing physical/emotional damage from the situation

Threat: The threat of experiencing physical/emotional damage from the situation

Challenge: The experience is a challenge that must be overcome. This could be an interpretation seen in a positive appraisal

Front 9

What are the four main groupings of stressors?

Back 9

Significant Life Changes - moving house, death of loved one, loss of job or relationship

Catastrophes - natural disasters, acts of god, widespread disasters

Daily Hassles - aggravating roommates, forgetting minor things, waiting in line, lack of communication, discrimination

Ambient Stressors - unconscious stressors such as: uncontrollable background events, pollution, noise, crowds, chronic pain, economical disasters

Front 10

What are the five styles of dealing with conflict?

Back 10

1. Avoidance - These individuals find dealing with conflict as unpleasant. They hope by avoiding or ignoring the conflict it will disappear. Sadly, it usually gets worse

2. Accommodation - These individuals also hate conflicts and just give in to make the disagreement go away. They tend to please and worry about approval. Unfortunately, giving does not resolve the problem, which will need to be resubdued in the later date

3. Domination/Competition - These individuals go to any length to win, even being aggressive or manipulating. However, aggressively solving conflicts results in hostility.

4. Compromise - These individuals recognize that others have different needs and try to resolve conflicts through. Unfortunately, misrepresentation to further their own goals so compromise isn’t always ideal.

5. Integration/Collaboration - These individuals try to resolve conflicts by finding solutions to please both parties. They try to emphasize similarities rather than differences

Front 11

What are the three most common kind of conflicts? What is the most stressful?

Back 11

Approach-approach: Choosing between two situations that have desirable outcome

Avoidance-avoidance: Choosing between situations that have negative outcome

Approach-avoidance: Involves a single situation that has both pleasurable and undesirable aspects

Approach-approach is the most stressful due to missing out on one or more positive outcome

Front 12

What is the Fight-Flight-Freeze response?

Back 12

The fight-flight-freeze response is an involuntary, physical response to a sudden and immediate threat (or stressor) in readiness for:

Fight - confronting and fighting off the threat

Flight - escaping by running away to safety

Freeze - keeping absolutely still and silent, avoiding detection

All three are considered to be adaptive responses that enable us to deal with a threat that is present and to minimize harm

Front 13

What are the functions of the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system?

Back 13

Sympathetic NS: Activated by Fight or Flight, increases heart rate, blood pressure, breathing rate, and glucose secretion. Suppressed functions not deemed necessary for survival (such as digestion and sexual drive), causes peripheral vasoconstriction to constrict blood vessels to move blood closer to brain. Activated endocrine system. These are all to survive

Parasympathetic NS: Activated by Freeze and is almost always used normally. Opposite of sympathetic nervous system. Completely relaxes the body.

Note: Freeze Involves the use of the SNS first and then PNS at the same time

Front 14

What is the endocrine system?

Back 14

Supplies hormones to the brain in a fight or flight situation. Chemicals are supplied from the adrenal glands. The central part of the adrenal glands is the medulla which give off the catecholamine hormones, which are adrenaline and noradrenaline. These increase heart rate and blood pressure among other things . Meanwhile, the adrenal cortex on the outside of the adrenal glands gives off the glucocorticoid hormone cortisol. Cortisol plays a role in stress response by suppressing the nervous system and redistributing glucose around the body.

Front 15

What is the General Adaptation Syndrome?

Back 15

1. Alarm Phase: Stress reaction, ready to fight, flight or freezing

2. Resistance Phase: Stress reaction is currently happening, the fighting, flighting or freezing is concurrent

3. Exhaustion Phase: Happens when resistance phase isn’t followed by recovery. The bodies stress resources become depleted

Front 16

Mark as correct

Back 16

Cutie

Front 17

Describe the different kinds of stressors and the different kinds of stress reactions?

Back 17

The different kinds of stressors are:

Internal - originates within the individual

External - originates outside the individual

The different kind of stress reactions are:

Eustress - positive psychological response to a stressor causing excitement and elation

Distress - negative psychological response to a stressor causing anger, frustration, and anxiety