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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
-“who gets what, when, and how” |
Politics |
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the institution that has the authority to make decisions that are binding on everyone |
Government |
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the authority to legally weild this coercive power to allocate values |
Sovereignty |
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the power to authoritatively allocate values can be vested in a single person |
Autocracy |
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power can be vested in a small group of people |
Oligarchy |
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broadly share power among all citizens |
Democracy |
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a distribution of political power; power belongs to all citizens |
Popular Sovereignty |
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the government follows the course of action preferred by most people |
Majority Rule |
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50% plus 1 of all eligible citizens |
Absolute Majority |
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50% plus 1 of those who vote |
Simple Majority |
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if choices are divided among 3 or more courses of action so that none have more than 50%, the choice with the greatest support |
Plurality |
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any group numerically inferior to the majority, and it retains the full rights of democratic citizenship |
Minority Rights |
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individual preferences are given equal weight |
Political Equality |
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means all citizens have the same opportunities to influence the process of deciding who gets what |
Popular Sovereignty |
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participation in influencing governmental decisions |
Equality Under the Law |
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the idea that people should be free of class or social barriers and discrimination |
Social Equality |
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means that each individual should receive the same amount of material goods regardless of his or her contribution to society |
Economic Equality |
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meaning the right of all people to develop their abilities to the fullest extent |
Equality of the Opportunity |
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citizens are the principal political decision makers |
Direct Democracy |
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elections where citizens vote on policy decisions |
Initiative and Referendums |
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a system of government where ordinary citizens do not make governmental decisions themselves but choose public officials-representatives of the people-to make decisions for them |
Representative Democracy |
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the rule of law and a constitution constrain elected representatives and the will of the majority from using their power to take away the rights of minorities |
Liberal Democracy |
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a consistent set of values, attitudes, and beliefs about the appropriate role of government in society; helps people figure out what they do and do not support |
Ideology |
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a psychological attachment to a political party |
Partisanship |
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the tendency of people to believe their views are "normal" or "common sense" and therefore shared by most people |
False Consensus |
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power is fragmented and distributed widely among diverse groups and interests |
Pluralistic |
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organized, influential minorities-checked neither by one another nor by the general populace-dominate the political process |
Elitist |
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the academic discipline dedicated to the study of Politics, and it is the job of political scientists to explain the how and hwy of the authoritative allocation of values-who gets what and why |
Political Science |