Political Science 142 Ex 1-53

Front 1

T or F
The Founding Fathers had a great deal to say about the nature or function of the executive branch.

Back 1

FALSE
They had little to say.

Front 2

How are officials of various departments named?

Back 2

Nominated by the Pres. with advice and consent of Congress.

Front 3

What vice-president presided over the Senate who cast the deciding vote to break a tie, that gave the President the sole right of removal of an administration official?

Back 3

John Adams as vice-president

Front 4

Name the first department that was created?

Back 4

State Department

Front 5

Which of the departments quickly grew in the early days of the Republic?

Back 5

Treasury Department

Front 6

Name some of the duties of the early Treasury Department:

Back 6

1. collected taxes
2. managed the public debt
3. ran the national bank
4. conducted land surveys
5. purchased military supplies

Front 7

List the 3 ways in which political power may be gathered undesirably into bureaucratic hands:

Back 7

1. growth of an administrative apparatus so large as to be immune from popular control;
2. by placing power over a governmental bureaucracy of any size in private rather than public hands; and
3. by vesting discretionary authority in the hands of a public agency so that the exercise of that power is not reponsive to the public good.

Front 8

Name the person who thought that bureaucracy is the inevitable consequence and perhaps necessary concomitant of modernity?

Back 8

Max Weber

Front 9

Who thought that organizations tend to acquire the characteristics of those institutions with which they are in conflict, so that as government beomes more bureaucratic, private organizations-political parties, trade unions, voluntary associations-will have an additional reason to become bureaucratic as well.

Back 9

Georg Simmel

Front 10

What is the term for the view that "Work and personnel expand to consume the available resources?

Back 10

Parkinson's Law

Front 11

What is the term for the view that: "In hierarchical organizations, personnel are promoted up to that point at which their incompetence becomes manifest-hence, all important positions are held by incompetents.?

Back 11

Peter Principle

Front 12

Who expanded on the theory of the firm and developed the view that:"all bureaus expand....that bureaucrats maximize the total budget of their bureau during their tenure...hence-all bureaus are too large."

Back 12

William A. Niskanen

Front 13

T or F
The bureau has a great deal of freedom within which to seek the largest possible budget.

Back 13

True

Front 14

Why did bureaucracies grow in the first half of the 19th Century (1800s)

Back 14

By the addition to existing bureaus of personnel performing essentially routine, repetitive tasks for which the public demand was great and unavoidable.

Front 15

What was the principal problem facing enlarged bureaucracies?

Back 15

Coordinating its activities toward given and noncontroversial ends.

Front 16

In the first half of the 19th century, how is the growth of the executive branch explained?

Back 16

Expansion in size of the Post Office.

Front 17

From 1816 to 1861, what percentage of growth compared with the rest of the federal government was a result of growth of the Post Office?

Back 17

86% of the total growth in the fed. government was due to the growth of the Post Office.

Front 18

T or F
By 1894, New York had nearly 3,000 postal employees, the same number required to run the entire federal government at the beginning of the 19th century.

Back 18

True

Front 19

What agency has become the largest employer of federal civilian officials?

Back 19

The Department of Defense.

Front 20

What is the keystone of the "military-industrial complex"?

Back 20

Federal civilian employees

Front 21

What created the vast industrial machine with an interest in sustaining a high level military expenditures, esp. in research, development and acquisition?

Back 21

High-technology weapons

Front 22

AFter 1861, what influenced the emergence of additional departments such as Agriculture, Labor and Commerce?

Back 22

The interests and aspirations of particular economic groups

Front 23

T or F
The original purpose of the Ag, Labor, and Commerce departments was to subsidize and regulate industries.

Back 23

FALSE
The original purpose of the Ag, Labor, and Commerce departments was to promote, chiefly by gathering and publishing statistics and (esp. Ag) research.

Front 24

During what era was the high water mark (highest) of bureaucratic clientelism?

Back 24

The New Deal under FDR

Front 25

What act attempted to cloak with public power a vast number of industrial groupimgs and trade associations so that the government could control production and prices in order to get the country out of the Deep Depression?

Back 25

National Industry Recovery Act
(NIRA)

Front 26

T or F
The Supreme Court rendered that the wholesale delegation of public power to private interests was declared unconstitutional.

Back 26

True

Front 27

What department provides the leading amount of clientelism?

Back 27

Agriculture Department via subsidies, expenditures, loans,

Front 28

What are the chief clients of federal domestic expenditures?

Back 28

State and local government agencies

Front 29

Name a federal government program that is administered by the states?

Back 29

Welfare

Front 30

T or F
The cities are the principal client group for grants-in-aid.

Back 30

FALSE
The states are the principal client group for grants-in-aid.

Front 31

After the 1960s, Congress and the President directed that federal government spend money on what?

Back 31

1. Poverty
2. Ecology
3. Planning

Front 32

T or F
Federal money has increasingly been spent in ways that have created clients

Back 32

True

Front 33

What was the term Madison assigned to the concept of a society "broken into many parts, interests and classes of citizens.?

Back 33

Multiplicity of interest

Front 34

How did Madison envision a protection against a tyranny of the majority?

Back 34

A coalition of a majority , the rights of all would be protected because in a freee society such a coalition ...."

Front 35

T or F
What was created in the name of the common good is sustained in the name of the particular interest.

Back 35

True

Front 36

What makes it difficult to overcome objections and contrary interests sufficiently to permit the enactment of a new program or creation of a new agency

Back 36

The regime of separated powers

Front 37

T or F
The regime of separation of powers works to protect agencies, once created, from unwelcome change.

Back 37

True

Front 38

T or F
Madisonian system makes it relatively easy for the delegation of public power to private groups to go unchallenged and, therefore for factional interests that have acquired a supportive public bureaucracy to rule without submitting their interests to the effective scrutiny and modification of other interests.

Back 38

True