Poli Sci Test 5

Front 1

Bully pulpit

Back 1

Theodore Roosevelt’s notion of the presidency as a platform from which the president could push an agenda

Front 2

Cabinet

Back 2

a group of advisors to the president, consisting of the most senior appointed officers of the executive branch who head the fifteen executive departments

Front 3

Executive agreement

Back 3

an international agreement between the president and another country made by the executive branch and without formal consent by the Senate

Front 4

Executive Office of the President

Back 4

the administrative organization that reports directly to the president and made up of important offices, units, and staff of the current president and headed by the White House chief of staff

Front 5

Executive order

Back 5

a rule or order issued by the president without the cooperation of Congress and having the force of law

Front 6

Executive privilege

Back 6

the president’s right to withhold information from Congress, the judiciary, or the public

Front 7

Going public

Back 7

a term for when the president delivers a major television address in the hope that public pressure will result in legislators supporting the president on a major piece of legislation

Front 8

Impeachment

Back 8

the act of charging a government official with serious wrongdoing, which in some cases may lead to the removal of that official from office

Front 9

King caucus

Back 9

an informal meeting held in the nineteenth century, sometimes called a congressional caucus, made up of legislators in the Congress who met to decide on presidential nominees for their respective parties

Front 10

Line item veto

Back 10

a power created through law in 1996 and overturned by the Supreme Court in 1998 that allowed the president to veto specific aspects of bills passed by Congress while signing into law what remained

Front 11

Office of management and budget

Back 11

an office within the Executive Office of the President charged with producing the president’s budget, overseeing its implementation, and overseeing the executive bureaucracy

Front 12

Rally around the flag effect

Back 12

a spike in presidential popularity during international crises

Front 13

Balance of power

Back 13

a situation in which no one nation or region is much more powerful militarily than any other in the world

Front 14

Balance or trade

Back 14

the relationship between a country’s inflow and outflow of goods

Front 15

Cold war

Back 15

the period from shortly after World War II until approximately 1989–1990 when advanced industrial democracies divided behind the two superpowers (East: Soviet Union, West: United States) and the fear of nuclear war abounded

Front 16

Congressional executive agreement

Back 16

an international agreement that is not a treaty and that is negotiated by the president and approved by a simple majority of the House and Senate

Front 17

Containment

Back 17

the effort by the United States and Western European allies, begun during the Cold War, to prevent the spread of communism

Front 18

Diplomacy

Back 18

the establishment and maintenance of a formal relationship between countries

Front 19

Foreign policy

Back 19

a government’s goals in dealing with other countries or regions and the strategy used to achieve them

Front 20

Free trade

Back 20

a policy in which a country allows the unfettered flow of goods and services between itself and other countries

Front 21

Hard power

Back 21

the use or threat of military power to influence the behavior of another country

Front 22

Isolationism

Back 22

a foreign policy approach that advocates a nation’s staying out of foreign entanglements and keeping to itself

Front 23

Liberal internationalism

Back 23

a foreign policy approach of becoming proactively engaged in world affairs by cooperating in a community of nations

Front 24

Neo isolationism

Back 24

a policy of distancing the United States from the United Nations and other international organizations, while still participating in the world economy

Front 25

Neoconservatism

Back 25

he belief that, rather than exercising restraint, the United States should aggressively use its might to promote its values and ideals around the world

Front 26

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

Back 26

a cross-national military organization with bases in Belgium and Germany formed to maintain stability in Europe

Front 27

Protectionism

Back 27

a policy in which a country does not permit other countries to sell goods and services within its borders or charges them very high tariffs (import taxes) to do so

Front 28

Selective engagement

Back 28

a policy of retaining a strong military presence and remaining engaged across the world

Front 29

Soft power

Back 29

nonmilitary tools used to influence another country, such as economic sanctions

Front 30

Sole executive agreement

Back 30

an international agreement that is not a treaty and that is negotiated and approved by the president acting alone

Front 31

Treaty

Back 31

an international agreement entered by the United States that requires presidential negotiation with other nation(s), consent by two-thirds of the Senate, and final ratification by the president

Front 32

United nations

Back 32

an international organization of nation-states that seeks to promote peace, international relations, and economic and environmental programs