Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Talks about Eucalypt disease from P.cinnamomi and it's significance economically - as 70% of raw material in Western Australia's forestry industry comes from E.marginata, the stand majority organism. Infects range of susceptable plants |
Podger FD, Phytopathology, 1972 |
|
|
A wide range of Tuliposides exist. These include 6-tuliposide & tuliposide D. In T. turkestanica, there was found to be tuliposide F and 6-tuliposide B, novel variants. Can cause allergic reactions such as contact dematitis in freshly cut plants. Tuliposide A very responsible. They are cleaved to Tulipalins in fungal attack. Tuliposides act as storage for Tulipalins |
Christensen LP, Phytochemistry, 1999 |
|
|
B cinera & B.tulipae cause release of tuliposides from pistils through increasing membrane permeability. Tulipalins are similar to lactones. B.tulipae cleaved these to novel compunds with low biological activity whereas B.cinera cleaved to more powerful compounds to which it was sensitive. Reason why it can't infect tulips. |
Schoenbeck F, Schroeder C, Physiological Plant Pathology, 1972 |
|
|
Serratia plymuthica is a powerful incducer of a respons ein cucumbers. Penetrates the root & induces defences that are increased by P.ultimum infection. Suggests pre-treatment may help in some defence responses. |
Benhamou N, Nicole M, Plant Physiology & Biochemistry, 1999 |
|
|
Quercus suber is a type of cork tree found in southerneurope which is able to form corks known as Phellem. 99 proteins were identified which are involved in formation. 45 were from the xylem Y8X and 54 were from the recently formed cork Y8Ph. 22& are associated with defence and 28% with carb metabolism |
Ricardo CPP et al, Journal of Proteomics, 2011 |
|
|
Soybean cotyledons contain enzyme activity which release water soluble PAMPs from P.megasperma cell walls. Released PAMP triggers glyceollin release. In fungus, carbs are released rather than protein. beta-1,3 endoglucanases were found to be the active agent that breaks down the cell wall. |
Keen NT & Yoshikawa M, Plant Physiology, 1983 |
|
|
A number of lectins have been identified which act as encystment triggers. Concanavalin A (ConA) binds to the full zoospore surface. Within 10 minutes, 70% were shown to have encysted. Monoclonal antibodies were also used to identify the antigen Zf-1 which only binds to the flagella. Induces high levels of encystment |
Hardham AR & Suzaki E, Protoplasma, 1986 |
|
|
Was demonstrated in Phytophthora sojae that the isoflavones DAIDZEIN & GENISTEIN would act chemotrophically on zoospores. |
Morris PF et al, Plant Physiology, 1998 |
|
|
The germination of Urodinospores depends significantly on water avalibaility on the leafs surface and therefore a great deal of chance. The adhesive pad beneath the appresorium is known as the basal pad. |
Beckett A et al, Mycological Research, 1990 |
|
|
Studies into Uromyces appendiculatus which are stomata penetrating, show that ledges of 0.5mm high will induce appessorium formation. This is consistent with what would be the height of the stomatal lip |
Hoch et al, 80s (general info), Kwon YH, Hoch HC, Experimental Mycology, 1991 |
|
|
The zigzag model includes the idea that NB-CRR (nucelotide binding leucine rich repeats) can be encoded by R genes. After the initial PAMP-->ETS process, this is when these will recognise effectors. Not effective against necrotrophs. |
Jones JDG, Dangl JL, Nature, 2006 |
|
|
The Victoria cultivar of Avena sativa was introduced to North America in the 40's due to its resistance against Puccinia coronate avenae & Ustilago avenae. Became hugely important source of oats in US. Victoria Blight occured in 46 when it was described, showed plant was susceptible to Helminthosporium victoriae. Found to be endemic in the midwest where lots was grown (Accounted for 90%+ in Iowa). Specific entirely to oats and nothing else. Due to Victorin Toxin. |
Pringle RB, Scheffer RP, Annual Review of Phytopathology, 1964 |
|
|
In Cochliobolus carbonum race 1, the HC-toxin is produced & Hm1 confers resistance. An orthologue of the Hm1 gene was inserted into barley, and was found to be susceptable to the organism. |
Sindhu A et al, Phytopathology, 2008 |
|
|
Although the logistic model is a good fit, there are flaws with it. Some diseases for a start have maximum severities well below 100% at about 25-40, and Kmax can also be overestimated in a large number of cases within the model when compared to an actual field trial. |
Neher DA, Campbell CL, Phytopathology, 1992 |
