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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why study physical activity, health and wellness? |
1. We have evolved to be physically active 2. Our environment no longer fulfills our needs to physical activity 3. Being sedentary has negative consequences on our health and lead to younger death rate 4. Delays generative diseases |
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Reason humans have evolved to be active |
Gain muscle. Respond well to physical demands Negative health outcomes if we aren't active Our survival depending on it We were meant to move! |
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The epidemiological transition |
Pestilence and famine -Large mortality rate & infections disease Receding pandemics - improvements in public health and sanitization lead to reduction of infectious diseases Degenerative and man made disease - life expectancy increases but disease of lifestyle increase Delayed degenerative disease - diseases of lifestyle still prevalent but treatment improves |
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Physically activity def |
Any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in an increase in metabolic rate over resting energy expenditure, only one component of our total energy intake (1/4) |
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Types of PA |
Leisure time pa Transportation Work |
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Physical fitness (2 types) |
Relates to an individual having the necessary characteristics to perform a give task Performance related -athletic ability Health related-daily task |
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Health def through history |
Early concept - holistic Early western - focused on physical - 1990 introduced mental health (although physical and mental still very separate) - focused on illegal heath and absence of diseases Modern - health as well being , holistic |
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Health modern def |
A state of physically, mental, and social well being not just the absence of disease. |
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Health vrs wellness? |
Health - a state of complete mental, physically and social well being. Wellness - state of good health - states of living healthy - concept describing a state of positive health in an individual |
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Self reporting measure |
Most widely used But Memory recall issues People overestimate PA |
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Self report methods |
Rating for Perceived excertion scale (RPE) 6-20 PA records Good for semi detailed infor But, Cumbersome, prone to bias, reactive Questionnaires Easy to distribute Good for large scale But, prone to recall errors |
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How to maximize recall |
Provid example of intensity Provid preamble Electronic survey (allow for anonymity) |
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Measurement reactivity |
When people increase their PA due to self monitoring Problematic |
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Objective measures of PA |
Reactive concerns- blind participants Provide direst measure of intensity and duration and not subject to memory errors and bias But, Expensive and cumbersome
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Types of objective measurement |
Heart rate monitor Pedometers (provides # of steps) Accelerometers (detects acceleration of limp) GPS (speed, slope, location, duration) |
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Self report vrs objective measure |
Practical considerations Stage of research None will be perfect! |
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Epidemiology |
Using the scientific method to study 1. Distribute of diseases 2. Descriptive info to identify RF 3. Prevent of said disease through modifying said RF |
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John Snow |
Father of epidemiology |
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4 main designs of research of epidemiology |
1. Cross sectional survey 2. Case control studies 3. Prospective cohort studies 4. Randomized clinical trails |
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Cross sectional |
Measure RF and presence of disease at the same time Good for generating hypothesis but not for testing Quick and easy Lack of temporal relationship precludes conclusion about causation. |
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Case control studies |
People with disease are chosen and then matched with someone with similar traits but without the disease Retrospective study Good for studying rare, slow progressing disease Subject to recall bias |
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Tewarathon |
Lacrosse Creators game or little brother of war |
