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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which one of the following combines a physical and mental benefit of a healthy,active lifestyle?
A Aesthetic appreciation B Cooperation C Physical challenge D Development of friendships and social mixing |
C – Physical challenge
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Which one of the following is a socio-economic key influence that can impact onachieving sustained involvement in physical activity?
A Role models B Fashion C Disability D Cost |
D - Cost |
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Which one of the following would be most important to a rower 8 minutes into a12-minute race?
A Muscular strength B Muscular endurance C Flexibility D Body composition |
B - Muscular endurance
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Which one of the following statements is false?
A The components of the FITT principle are Frequency, Interval, Time, Type B The FITT principle overlaps with the principle of Specificity C Reversibility can result in a drop in fitness levels D The principle of Individual Differences considers the needs of theindividual rather than just the sport |
A - The components of the FITT principle are Frequency,Interval, Time, Type
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Which one of the following statements is true?
A There is no need to wait to exercise after eating a large meal B During exercise blood is redistributed away from the muscles being used C The amount of exercise, work and rest has no impact on personal health D Blood shunting is the term used to describe the redistribution of bloodduring exercise |
D - Blood shunting is the term used to describe theredistribution of blood during exercise
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Which category is an endurance cyclist most likely to be tempted to take despitethe potential health risks?
A Anabolic steroids B Peptide hormones (Erythropoietin/EPO) C Diuretics D Narcotic analgesics |
B – Peptide Hormones (Erythropietin/EPO)
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Which one of the following statements correctly defines the term cardiac output?
A Heart rate ÷ stroke volume = cardiac output B Cardiac output = heart rate – stroke volume C Cardiac output = heart rate x stroke volume D Stroke volume x vital capacity = cardiac output |
C – Cardiac output = HR X SV
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Which one of the following statements accurately explains an effect of smokingon the respiratory system?
A Cigarette smoke increases the amount of oxygen carried in the bloodby haemoglobin B Sprinters who smoke notice a greater effect on their performance thanendurance athletes who smoke C If a performer is a heavy smoker it will slow their recovery whatever theirevent D Oxygen supply to the body is not affected by smoking |
C – If a performer is a heavy smoker it will slow theirrecovery whatever event they compete in
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Which one of the following statements correctly explains the term isometric?
A An isometric muscle contraction does not result in movement B A gymnast running across the floor towards the vault is using isometricmuscle contractions C A swimmer using her leg muscles to ‘explode’ from the blocks when thewhistle blows uses isometric contractions D An isometric muscle contraction is less strenuous than an isotoniccontraction. This means the muscle can continue to work for longer. |
A – An isometric muscle contraction does not result inmovement
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Which one of the following statements is correct?
A Flexion, extension and abduction are all possible at the shoulder B Tennis elbow, badminton elbow and athletes ankle are all types of jointinjury C Flexion, extension and abduction are all possible at the knee D Compound, greenstick and brownstick are all types of fracture |
A – Flexion, extension and abduction are all possible atthe shoulder
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Identify three components of skill-related fitness that would be relevant to all theperformers: Sprinter, Shot putter and High jumper
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-Power
-Speed -Balance -Coordination |
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Which of the two days, Monday or Tuesday, provided a more balanced diet?
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Tuesday
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Explain the requirements of a balanced diet.
(4 marks) |
- Balanced diet should includemacronutrients; micronutrients;water and fibreORBalanced diet should include fats;carbohydrates; proteins;vitamins; minerals; water; fibre
- Correct proportions ofmacronutrients andmicronutrientsOROptimal ratio of nutrientsORCorrect amounts of nutrients - Macronutrients for energyORFats OR Carbohydrates for energyOR Protein for growth and repair -Micronutrients for maintainingbody healthOR Vitamins OR Minerals formaintaining body health -Water to avoid dehydrationOR Fibre to aid/help digestion |
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Name the body type of a pole vaulter and a long distance runner.
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Ectomorph
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Describe a characteristic of an Ectomorph
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- Tall and thin (can't say thin on its own)
- Thin - narrow shoulders - narrow hips - long limbs - not much body fat orvisible muscle |
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Give one advantage of being an Ectomorph for: (i) The pole vaulter (ii) The long distance runner
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(i) - Lighter thereforeeasier to lift bodyweight over bar- Lighter therefore canvault higher (ii) - Longer stride lengththerefore coversground quicker (can't say: Longer legs solonger stride) -Lighter therefore canrun faster as lessweight to carry |
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State two factors that will cause optimum weight to vary between individualscompeting in the same event.
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- Height
- Sex/Gender - Bone structure/bone density - Muscle mass/muscle size/muscle girth (allowbody composition) |
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Describe the impact of diet and rest on the cardiovascular system. Impact of diet on the cardiovascular system.
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IF POOR DIET:
- can lead to an increase incholesterol - This causes a narrowingof the arteries OR anincrease in bloodpressure - increasing risk of CHDOR stroke IF GOOD DIET: -. contains correctminerals, e.g. iron - This increaseshaemoglobin - Therefore less chance ofanaemia |
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Impact of rest on the cardiovascular system.
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- Rest required foradaptation of heart totake place OR need restfor cardiac hypertrophyto take place
- Rest required for heartrate to recover to restinglevel OR Recovery heartrate slowly returns toresting heart rate |
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The following statements are effects of participation in exercise and physical activityon the cardiovascular system. State whether the effect is immediate or long term.
(i) Increased heart rate (ii) Increased cardiac output (iii) Increased maximum cardiac output |
(i) Immediate
(ii) Immediate (iii) Long term |
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State whether oxygen debt occurs as a result of aerobic or anaerobic respiration.
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- Anaerobic
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When is oxygen debt ‘paid back’?
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- During recovery
- after exercise - at the end of the activity - during a break in the gamewhen not working |
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Give an example of when the following performers would experience oxygendebt in their activity.
A runner in a 1500 metres race. A player in a game of tennis. A boxer in a boxing match. |
- Sprint finish/sprint within race to moveup field
- Hard rally/sprinting in a rally to getthe ball -series of powerful explosivepunches/Throwing a lot of hardpunches (Mustimply/statemaximalintensityover time) |
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Which muscle is:
Keeping the arm straight at the elbow. |
Tricep
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Which muscle is: Keeping the leg straight at the knee.
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Quadriceps
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Which muscle is: Moving the arms away from the mid-line of the body.
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Deltoid
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Which muscle is: Pointing the toes. |
Gastrocnemius
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Identify three functions of the skeletal system in use during physical activity and give one example of how each function is used during a game of basketball.
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Movement
- e.g. dribbling the ball towardsthe basket Support/shape/structure - Any movement or techniquerequiring upright position e.g.when pivoting with ball Protection -Prevents damage to (vital)organs during play if collisionwith others (Do not accept blood production as question references during physicalactivity) |
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Other than participation, identify three different roles available to Janet and Johnfor becoming involved in physical activity .
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- Leadership/coach/leader/captain
- Volunteering /specificvolunteer role (e.g. firstaider) - Official/referee/umpire/judge |
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What is the purpose of a PAR-Q?
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- Checking participants arehealthy enough to startphysical activity
- To establish a baseline ofintensity for physical work |
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If John is new to a sport which level of the sports participation pyramid will heenter?
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Foundation
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Explain the term “fitness”.
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The ability to meet the demandsof the environment/
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How does fitness relate to a balanced, healthy lifestyle?
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- Fitness canimprovehealth (1)By reducingcholesterol(1)
- Fitness candecreasehealth(1)Throughoveruse injuriesThrough dropimmune system(1) - Withouthealthylifestylefitness willdrop (1)AcceptconversePoor diettherefore noenergy tomaintain fitness(1) - Cannotincrease/maintainfitnesswithouthealthylifestyle (1)As withoutregular exercisefitness will notimprove (1) |
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Name and briefly explain the principle of training Janet should apply in order tosafely improve her fitness.
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- Progressive overload
- To gradually increase the amountof work (so that injury does notoccur) |
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Eshan is inspired by performers in the run up to the London 2012 Olympic andParalympic Games, and is determined to improve his performance. He decidesto set SMART targets as a first step to achieving his long-term goal. Discuss the use of target setting to improve performance. You must make reference to examples in your answer.
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- The individual principles of SMART targets (e.g.Specific, Measurable)
- A brief description of the individual principles of SMART: (e.g. Specific, goals clear so performer knows what they are trying toachieve) - Examples of the application of the principles of SMART targets: (Specific, work on weakness x to give my training appropriate focus forimprovement ) - Makes reference to the value of the use of target setting to improveperformance: (TS provides focus - so work on what is relevant leading to improvement ) - Concludes value based on discussion points raised |
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For a physical activity of your choice, explain how to reduce a variety of risksassociated with that activity in order to maintain physical health.
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- Explanation takes into account general risks: (Not healthy enough)
- Explanation takes into account different safety measures to reduce general risk: (PAR-Q) - Explanation takes into account potential injuries linked to specific activity: (Muscle strain) - Explanation takes into account different methods to reduce risk: (Wear protective clothing) - Explanation clearly identifies why and how these measures reduce risk: (e.g. By warming up you are mentally prepared therefore will commit appropriately totackles therefore less likely to mistime the tackle and become injured ) |
