Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
7 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
steps of protein sythesis |
transcription and translation |
|
|
transcription |
RNA polymerase molecule binds the DNA strand and the double helix unwinds. When the RNA polymerase reaches the coding region, it reads a single strand , as it does this , it binds the Mrna copy. As RNA polymerase reads each nucleotide it binds the complementary nucleotide and bonds them together forming the Mrna strand. The nucleotides break free from the DNA , DNA folds back into a double helix . |
|
|
translation |
the Mrna carries the information encoded in the DNA sequence from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. the Mrna strand is read and amino acids are linked together into a protein. the sequence is read by ribosomes ribosomes looks for the start of codon "AUG" the start will begin building the amino acid chain. the amino acids are transferred to the ribosome by Trna , Trna have an anticodon at one end and an amino acid on the other , which dictates which amino acid it carries to the ribosome. as the ribosome continues down the MRna strand , the first Trna falls off, leaving its amino acid . process continues till stop codon the amino acid chain folds up into a 3D structure dictated by the order of protein. |
|
|
Anticodon
|
A triplet of nucleotide bases in transfer RNA that identifies the amino acid carried and binds to a complementary codon in messenger RNA during protein synthesis at a ribosome.
|
|
|
Hydrophilic
|
Having an affinity for water.
|
|
|
Hydrophobic
|
Having an aversion to water; tending to coalesce and form droplets in water.
|
|
|
Mutation
|
A rare change in the DNA of a gene, ultimately creating genetic diversity.
|
