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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a Paramedic?
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- Highest level of pre-hospital care
- Must have the ability to make independant judgments in a timely manner. - Must be an advocate for your patient and assure that the patient recieves the best care possible. - Roles and responsibility include public education, health promotion and particiaption in injury and illness prevention programs. |
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What is considered a Paramedics Expanded Scope?
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Critical care transport
primary care Industrial medicine Sports medicine |
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If a medic delegates authority, who is responsible?
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The paramedic is responsible for his delegations and the Medical Director is responsible for the Paramedic.
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What is a tiered response?
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Sending multiple levels of emergency care personnel to the same incident.
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Whats the importance of exercise?
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- Decreased heart rate and blood presure
- Increased oxygen-carrying capacity - Increased muscle mass and metabolism - Increased resistance to illness and injury |
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What muscles are essential to spinal column strength?
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The lower back and abdomen
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What is Isometric Exercise?
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Active exercise performed against stable resistance, where muscles are exercised in a motionless manner.
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What is Isotonic Exercise?
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Active exercise during which muscles are worked through their range of motion.
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How do you find your Target Heart Rate?
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1. Measure your resting heart rate
2. Subtract your age from 220 (Maximum heart rate). 3. Subtract your resting heart rate from your maximum heart rate, an multiply that figure by 0.7. 4. Add the figure you just calculated to your resting heart rate. |
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What are the 5 stages of Death and Dying?
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Denial
Anger Bargaining Depression Acceptancec |
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How can you minimize stress?
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Use controlled breathing
Reframe Attend to the medical needs of the patient. The best stress management technique is to take care of yourself - physically, emotionally, and mentally. |
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What should you do about stress?
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You need to address stress as soon as possible wit benificail techniques.
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What is the mininum PPE?
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Protective gloves
Masks and protective eye wear HEPA and N-95 respirators Gowns Resuscitation equipment |
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What is the EMS System?
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A comprehensive network of personnel, equipment, and resources established for the purpose of delivering aid and emergency medical care to the community.
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How was EMS started and improved through the years?
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It started during wars as a way to get the wounded off the battle field. Then it was improved through the development of the "White Paper" Accidental Death and Disability in 1966, The Emergency Medical Services System Act of 1973, and the EMS Agenda for the Future in 1996.
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What is "The White Paper"?
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It spelled out the deficiencies in prehospital care. It suggested guidlines for the development of EMS systems, the training of prehospital emergency medical providers, and the upgrading of ambulancesand their equipment.
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When was the first Paramedic class?
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1977
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What is Medical Direction?
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Medical policies, procedures, and practices that are available to providers either on-line or off-line.
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What are On-Line Orders?
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Occurs when a qualified physician gives direct orders to a prehospital care provider by either radio or telephone.
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What are Off-Line Orders?
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Refers to medical policies, procedures, and practices that medical direction has set up in advance of a call.
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How should we educate the public?
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EMS should have a plan to educate the public on recognizing an emergency, accessing the system, and initiating basic life support procedures.
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What are Protocals?
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The policies and procedures for all components of the EMS system.
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How are Recieving Facilities defined?
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The should have all of the following: An emergency department, Emergency Physician, surgical facilities, a lab and blood bank, X-rays, ICU, and a willingness to accept all patients.
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When in doubt about a patients health its best to ______?
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Over treat
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What is Malfeasance?
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A breach of duty by performance of wrongful or unlawful act.
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What is Misfeasance?
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A breach of duty by performance of a legal act in a manner that is harmful or injurious.
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What is Nonfeasance?
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A breach of duty by faillure to perform a required act or duty.
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What is Empathy?
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To have emathyis to identify with and understand the circumstances, feelings, and motives of others.
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What are the different types of consents?
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Expressed, Implied, and Involuntary Consent
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What is Abandoment?
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It is the termination of thhe Paramedic-Patient relationship without assurance that an equal or greater level of care will continue.
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What is the Duty to Act?
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It is a formal contractual or informal legal obligation to provide care.
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What is the Good Samaritan Law?
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Its a law that provides immunity to certain people who assist at the scene of a medical emergency.
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What is Battery?
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The unlawful touching of another individual without their consent.
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What is Assault?
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An act that unlawfully places a person in apprehension of immediate bodily harm without his consent.
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What is the Duty to Report?
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You have an ethical duty to protect those at risk - especially the more vulnerable among us.
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What is a Living Will?
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A legal document that allows a person to specify the kinds of medical treatment he wishes to recieve should the need arise.
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What is a DNR?
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Legal document, usually signed by the patient and his physician, that indicates to medical personnel which, if any, life sustaining measures should be taken when the patients heart and respiratory functions have ceased.
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What is the Moro reflex?
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Occurs whena newborn is startled; arms are thrown wide, fingers spread, and a grabing motion follows; also called the startle reflex.
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What is the Palmar Grasp?
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A reflex in the newborn, which is elicted by placing a finger firmly in the infants palm.
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What is the Rooting Reflex?
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Occurs when an infant's cheekis touched by a handor cloth; the hungry infant turns his head to the right or left.
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What is the sucking reflex?
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Occurs when an infants lips are stroked.
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What are Fontanelles?
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They allow for compression of the head during childbirth and for rapid growth of the brain during early life.
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How long do fontanelles last?
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The anterior fontanelle last between 9-18 months where as the posterior fontanelle closes after 2-3 months.
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When do the most physical changes occur?
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Between infancy and toddler.
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What is the fundamental unit of the Cell?
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The nucleus, which contains DNA
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What is Cytoplasim?
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A thick fluid that fills the cell
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What are Tissues?
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A group of cells that perform a similar function.
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What is a Semi-Permeable Membrane?
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Membrane that is able to allow some, but not all, substances to pass through.
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What is Homeostasis?
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The natural tendency of thebody to maintain a steady and normal internal enviroment.
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What is Metabolisim?
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It is the total changes that take place during physiological processes.
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What is Anabolism?
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The building up of biochemical substances to produce energy.
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What is Catabolism?
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The break down of biochemical substances to produce energy.
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What is Atrophy
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A decrease in cell size resulting from a decreased workload.
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What is Hypertrophy?
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An increase in cell size from an increased workload.
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What is Hypoxia?
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Oxygen deficiency
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What are Ions?
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A charged particle, an atom or group of atoms whose electrical charge has changed from neutral to positive or negative by gaining or losing electrons.
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What is a Cation?
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An ion with a positive charge.
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What is an Anion?
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An ion with a negative charge.
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What are Baroreceptors and where are they located?
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Respond to changes in pressure and are found in the Aorta and the Coratid Arteries.
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What does Connective Tissue do?
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It supports the body and provides insulation.
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What is Diffusion?
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The movement of molecules through a membrane from an area of greater concentration to an areaof lesser concentration.
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What is Osmosis?
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Movement of a solvent in a solution from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher concentration. Usually deals with water.
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What is Active Transport?
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Movement os a substance through a cell membrane against the osmoti gradient ; that is, from an area of lesser concentration to an area of greater concentration, opposite to the normal direction of diffusion; requires the use of energy.
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What is Facilitated Diffuision?
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Process in which carrier protiens transport large molecules across the cell membrane.
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What is Osmotic Pressure?
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The pressure exerted by the concentration of solutes on one side of a membrane that, if hypertonic, tends to "pull" waterfrom the other side of the membrane.
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What is Onotonic Force?
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A form of osmoic pressure exerted by the large protien particles, or colloids, present in blood plasma. Also called colloid osmotic pressure.In capillaries the colloids tend to pull water from the intersitial space across the capillary membrane into the capillary.
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What are the 4 causes of Edema?
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1. Decrease in plasma oncotic force
2. An increase in hydrostatic pressure 3. Increased capillary permeability 4. Lymphatic channel obstruction |
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What is Plasma made of?
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92% water and 6-7% protiens
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