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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Electrophilic addition |
The chain is the electrophille CH3-CH2-CH3 addition of a Cl |
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Kinetic |
Major product comes from most stable transition state. |
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Termodynamic |
Major product is the most stable product. requires more temperature. |
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Preparation of diene |
Requires NBS in radical condition (UV light) to add a Br. Very strong base will remove an H from close to Br, Br will get out and a double bond will form. |
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Ozonolysis of a diene |
can use: - O3 - Zn, AcOH -CH3-S-CH3 Bonds will break and O will be added to the extremities. |
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O-H bond H bond |
435 KJ/mol ~ 25KJ/mol |
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Amphoteric compound |
Can be acid or base, depending on the condition. |
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pKa of sodium amide |
NH3 - very strong base. ~32 |
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Sodium hydride |
NaH - very strong base. |
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Alkene to alcohol. |
- Hydration: Use HBr and H2O. - Oxymercuration: 1)Hg(OAc)2, H2O, THF or 2)NaBH4 - Hydroboration - oxidation: 1) BH3 (anti-markovnikov and syn addition). 2) H2O2, NaOH. |
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Alcohol to alkyl halide. |
- Alcohol + SOCl2. For Me, primary and secondary alcohols. (pyridine as a solvent helps).SOCl2 adds a Cl. - Alcohol + HCl. For tertiary alcohols. HCl will donate an H and will form a water. - Alcohol and PBr3. |
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Alcohol to alkyl tosylate. |
Alcohol + TsCl results in the addition of a nucleophile afterwards. |
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Redox - oxidation |
Methyl + O = alcohol + O = aldehyde + O = carboxyl. Methylene + O = Alcohol + O = ketone. Methyne + O = alcohol. |
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Oxidation of secondary alcohol. Formation of ketone from alcohol. |
Alcohol + (Na2Cr2O7 + H2O/H2SO4) = ketone Jone's oxidizing reagent --> CrO3 Alcohol + CrO3 = ketone Has mechanism. |
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Oxidation of primary alcohol. |
Alcohol + CrO3/H2O = instable aldehyde = carboxilic acid. Alcohol + PCC/CH2Cl2 = aldehyde. |
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Reduction |
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