Oral Path Devel Disorders & Abnormal Teeth

Front 1

What type of disorder is fetal alcoohol syndrome?

Back 1

Developemental

Front 2

Facially or orally, what is a very common trait of FAS that you might see?

Back 2

Cleft lip or palate

Front 3

What is actually happening to cause the FAS disorder?

Back 3

Alcohol crosses the placenta.
*Any amount of alcohol may cause this syndrome. There is no safe amount of alcohol.*

Front 4

Another name for Down's syndrome is…

Back 4

Trisomy 21

Front 5

What can be said about the caries rate vs perio rate in people afflicted with Down's syndrome?

Back 5

The cries rate is usually very low but the Perio disease rate is usually much higher.

Front 6

What can be said about the number of teeth, eruption patterns & shape of the teeth in folks with Down's?

Back 6

They may have hypodontia
Eruption patterns may be different from "normal"
Teeth may be abnormally shaped
*Malaligned teeth are also very common.*

Front 7

What is it about the Down's person's breathing that may lead to xerostomia?

Back 7

They are typically mouth breathers…often see bright red gingiva on the lingual surface.

Front 8

Tell me about Xerostomia in the Down's Pt?

Back 8

They may have it.
They are often mouth breathers.

* Good Oral hygiene delivered at an appropriate level is essential.*

Front 9

What age range is Cherubism is usually fisrt (diagnosed) seen?

Back 9

Typically 8-10 year olds.
Can be seen as early as 1 year but not usually diagnosed that early.

Front 10

What bone is most offen effected by cherubism?

Back 10

The Mandible

Front 11

Spongy bone is being replaced by ________ tissue in Cherubism

Back 11

Fibrous

Front 12

What is usually seen radiographically in someone afflicted with Cherubism?

Back 12

Multiple well-defined, multiocular radiolucent lesions scattered within the bone.

Front 13

What actually is cherubism?

Back 13

Bi-lateral, painless, expansion of the MN

Front 14

Cherubism may lead to the ___________ loss of primary teeth & _________ eruption of permanent teeth

Back 14

Premature Loss
Delayed eruption (sometimes the permanent teeth don't come in at all)

Front 15

What is the condition for missing teeth called?
(Can be seen in cherubism)

Back 15

Hypodontia (or partial anodontia)

Front 16

What cellular function is depressed in Papillon-Lefevre Sundrome?

Back 16

Neutrophil function is depressed.
(Remember neutrophils are granulocytes and are the most abundant type of WBC)

Front 17

How does a child appear at birth who is aflicted with Papillon-Lefevre Syndrome?

Back 17

Normal except for reddening of the palms and soles of the feet.

Front 18

In Papillon-Lefevre Syndrome, what are the eruption patterns of the teeth…what happens orally with this condition>

Back 18

Eruption patterns are normal!
At age 1.5-2 Pt has inflammation, bleeding and alveolar bone resorption and movility.
Get scaly keratosis on soles of hands & feet
Teeth are lost prematurly
Tissue returns to normal-->Permanent teeth erupt and the process beigns again.

Front 19

Concerning Papillon-Lefevre Syndrome, what can be said about attempt to prevent premature loss of teeth?

Back 19

All attempts have failed.

Front 20

Describe periodontitis in those with Papillon-Lefevre Syndrome?

Back 20

Very Severe Periodontitis beginning prior to age 5
(The jaw doesn't grow properly due to missing teeth.)

Front 21

What is gingival fibromatosis?

Back 21

The excessive growth of the gingiva beginning early in life and it grows until the teeth are fully covered.

Front 22

How is gingival fibromatosis treated?

Back 22

Gingivectomy…but it usually will grow back so the process will be repeated thoughout life.

Front 23

What is gingival fibromatosis a manifestation of?

Back 23

Several inherited syndroms

Front 24

What is Cleidocranial Dysplasia? (KNOW for BOARDS)

Back 24

A rare condition characterized by partial or complete absence of the clavicles.
**May also have defective ossification of the skull, faulty occlusion due to missing teeth..or may have multiple supernumerary teeth.**

Front 25

What is another name for Treacher Collins Syndrome?

Back 25

Mandibulofacial dysostosis

Front 26

What are some facial characteristics of Treacher Collins Syndrome?

Back 26

Receding Chin
Hypoplasia or absence of zygomatic process
Abnormal or misplaced ears
Fishlike mouth
Lower eyelids have a cleft
(Pt's often have difficulty hearing.)

Front 27

What is the result of the lack of fusion or incomplete fusion of the palate during the 6th-8th week of development?

Back 27

Cleft Palate and/or Cleft Lip

Front 28

Nutritionally, what is often the cause of cleft lip of palate?

Back 28

Vitamin deficiency…usually folic acid

Front 29

On what surface do you typically see attrition?

Back 29

Incisal edges

Front 30

What is attrition?

Back 30

The physiologic wearing away of tooth structure
(usually from internal factors)

Front 31

What is erosion?

Back 31

The pathologic loss of tooth structure (chemical in nature)

Front 32

What is abfraction?

Back 32

The loss of tooth structure at the neck of the tooth.

Front 33

What is abrasion?

Back 33

The pathologic wearing away of tooth structure due to external factors..toothbrushing, hair pins etc.

Front 34

What is pulpitis?

Back 34

Inflammation involving the pulp.

Front 35

Is pulpitis reversible?

Back 35

It can be..if you can get rid of decay the pulp chamber may get better.
If the decay can't be gotten rid of then its irreversible and pain will linger

Front 36

How does a pulp stone appear on RADS?

Back 36

as an oval opacity within the pulp chamber.

Front 37

What causes internal resorption?

Back 37

It can be idiopathic…or it can be destruction from within the tooth.

Front 38

What is Pink Tooth?

Back 38

Internal resorption of the pulp.

Front 39

What is the most common cause external resorption?

Back 39

Ortho Tx..External resorption is actually more common that internal resorption.
*It can come from Trauma too.*

Front 40

Which are is most likely to have suppernumerary or accessory teeth?

Back 40

MX

Front 41

What is the most common type of supernumerary teeth called?

Back 41

Mesiodens (They may erupt or be impacted)

Front 42

Why should a mesiodens be extracted?

Back 42

To avoid mal-occlusion

Front 43

What is "true" microdontia?

Back 43

The teeth are dwarf sized. Normal mouth size with teeny tiny teeth.

Front 44

What tooth is most common to be a microdontic tooth?

Back 44

MX lateral incisor.

Front 45

What is "true" macrodontia?

Back 45

Excessively large teeth in a normal sized mouth.

Front 46

What are Peg Laterals?

Back 46

mis formed or conical shaped MX lateral incisors.
*Both primary and perm teeth can be affected.*

Front 47

Where do you find the cusp of carabelli?

Back 47

MX 1st molar on the ML cusp

Front 48

What is a talon cusp?

Back 48

Cingulum of the incisor or caine

Front 49

Another name for gemination is?

Back 49

Twinning

Front 50

How many pulp chambers and roots are in a tooth with gemination?

Back 50

1 rooth & 1 pulp chamber
(It’s a rare occurance that can be seein in anterior teeth.)

Front 51

What is it called with 2 adjacent tooth germs join?

Back 51

Fusion

Front 52

What is the apperance of fusion?

Back 52

A very large crown that takes the place of 2 teeth.
(Has 2 pulp chambers)

Front 53

What is concresence?

Back 53

When 2 adjacent teeth are joined by cementum?

Front 54

What is it called when 2 adjacent teeth are joined by cementum?

Back 54

Concresence (The condition is detected radiographically.)

Front 55

What is dilaceration?

Back 55

Severely bent roots

Front 56

Where an enamel pearl usually located?

Back 56

On the buccal or lingual surface of the MX molars (Remember, it’s a small projection of enamel seen on the root surface.)

Front 57

What is Taurodontism?

Back 57

An elongated, large pulp changer with short roots (may be without roots)

Front 58

What is enamel hypoplasia?

Back 58

Incomplete or defective formation of the enamel.

Front 59

What cells are the most sensitve group of cells in the body?

Back 59

Ameloblasts…as such they are easily affected.

Front 60

What can cause enamel hypoplasia?

Back 60

High Fever
Nutritional deficiencies
Fluorosis
Chemicals/Meds

Front 61

What condition can enamel hypoplasia be confused with?

Back 61

Amelogenesis imperfecta

Front 62

What is the difference between amelogenesis imperfecta and enamel hypoplasia?

Back 62

a GENETIC defectect in the development of the enamel

Front 63

How many types of amelogenesis imperfecta are there? How many are associated with osteogenesis imperfecta?

Back 63

4 types of amelogenesis imperfecta
1 type is associated with osteogenesis imperfecta (Dentinogenesis Imperfecta)

Front 64

The most frequent form of Amelogenesis Imperfecta has pitted enamel,(random pits mainly on the buccal and labial surfaces) and may be hypersensitive.
What type is it?

Back 64

Type I Hypoplastic
*The ameloblasta malfunction and the enamel is not formed properly or of normal thickness.*

Front 65

Type II AI (amelogenesis imperfecta) has enamel of normal thickness but is poorly __________.

Back 65

Calcified

Front 66

Which type of AI has teeth that erupt with enamel that is yellow-orange in color, is soft and lost quickly?

Back 66

Type II Hypocalcified
*This situation will leave exposed dentin which will stain easily*

Front 67

How do you polish Type II Hypocalcified AI?

Back 67

Use a tooth brush..don't polish
*The cervical enamel is more calcified and usually remains on the tooth.*

Front 68

What is Type III AI called?

Back 68

Hypomaturation-->the enamel is of normal thickness but is mottled.

Front 69

Type III AI has enamel of a uniform hardness.
How does it appear?

Back 69

"Snow Capped"
Usually covers occlusal 1/3 and Maxilla is more involved.

Front 70

Type IV AI is characterized by thin, yellow-brown pitted enamel and is associated with ____________ (condition).

Back 70

Taurodontism

Front 71

What is Type IV AI called?

Back 71

Hypoplasastic-hypomaturation.

Front 72

In Dentinogenesis Imperfecta, which teeth are usually more affected? (Primary or Permanent)

Back 72

Primary/Deciduous Teeth

Front 73

What is the appearance of dentinogenesis imperfecta?

Back 73

Bulbous crowns w/opalescent brown to bluish hue. *Attrition can be severe*

Front 74

Radiographically, how does dentinogenesis imperfecta appear?

Back 74

Bulbous roots
No pulp chambers
Roots are short and thin (Believed to be a result of excessive secondary dentin)

Front 75

What is characteristic of the dentinal tubules with Dentinogenesis Imperfecta?

Back 75

Fewer dentinal tubules
*May not see enamel on RADS depending on loss.*

Front 76

What is another name for rootless teeth?

Back 76

Dentin Dysplasia

Front 77

What is the difference between Type I & Type II of dentin dysplasia?

Back 77

Type 1: is Radicular dentin dysplasia
Type II: Coronal dentinal displasia

Front 78

Which type of DD (dentin dysplasia) is characterized by: Little or not pulp chamber, the color of teet is normal and both sets of teeth are affected equally?

Back 78

Type 1, Radicular dentin dysplasia
(Type II usually impacts deciduous teeth, has an amber color. When Perm teeth are affected they have a normal color)

Front 79

What is the oral manifestation of Hypophosphatemic Vitamin D-Rickets?

Back 79

Large pulp chambers w/long pulp horns
Dentin has "cracks" that cause fracturing of enamel

Front 80

If someone has enamel hypoplasia resulting from fluoride ingestion, wht is the appearance of the teeth?

Back 80

Mottled discoloration of the enamel

Front 81

What is tetracycline stain a result of?

Back 81

Ingestion of tetracycline during pregnancy.