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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Homologous series |
A series of organic compounds having the same functional group but with each successive member differing by CH2. |
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Functional group
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A group of atoms responsible for the characteristic reactions of a compound. |
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Empirical formula
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The simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element present in a compound. |
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Molecular formula
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The actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule.
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General formula
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The simplest algebraic formula of a member of a homologous series.
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Structural formula
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The minimal detail that shows the arrangement of atoms in a molecule.
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Displayed formula
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The relative positioning of atoms and the bonds between them.
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Skeletal formula
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The simplified organic formula, shown by removing hydrogen atoms from alkyl chains, leaving just a carbon skeleton and associated functional groups.
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Structural isomers
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Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulae.
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Stereoisomers
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Compounds with the same structural formula, but with a different arrangement in space.
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E/Z isomerism
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An example of stereoisomerism, in terms of restricted rotation about a double bond and the requirement for 2 different groups to be attached to each carbon atom of the C=C group.
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cis-trans isomerism |
A special case of E/Z isomerism in which 2 of the substituent groups are the same. |
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Homolytic fission
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Forms 2 radicals.
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Hetrolytic fission
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Forms a cation and an anion.
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Curly arrow
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Is the movement of an electron pair, showing either breaking or formation of a covalent bond.
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Atom economy
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(Molecular mass of the desired product ÷ Sum of molecular masses of all products.) X100.
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Radical
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A species with an unpaired electron.
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Electrophile |
An electron pair acceptor. |
