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78 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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2) Which of the following is not true about phytochemicals? A) They are essential nutrients. B) They come from plant foods. C) They may play a role in fighting chronic disease. D) They are nonnutritive compounds.
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A) They are essential nutrients. B) They come from plant foods. C) They may play a role in fighting chronic disease. D) They are nonnutritive compounds. Answer: A |
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3) Which of the following causes of death in the United States is not nutrition related? A) respiratory diseases B) diabetes C) stroke D) cancer
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A) respiratory diseases B) diabetes C) stroke D) cancer Answer: A |
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6) Which of the following are not macronutrients? A) vitamins B) carbohydrates C) lipids D) proteins
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A) vitamins B) carbohydrates C) lipids D) proteins Answer: A |
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2) The highest amount of a nutrient that can be consumed without harm in a similar age and group of individuals is the A) Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA). B) Adequate Intake (AI). C) Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI). D) Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL).
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A) Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA). B) Adequate Intake (AI). C) Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI). D) Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL). Answer: D |
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3) According to the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR), what percentage of your daily calories should be provided by carbohydrates? A) 40 to 70 percent B) 45 to 65 percent C) 20 to 45 percent D) 5 to 25 percent
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B) 45 to 65 percent
Answer: B |
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4) According to the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR), what percentage of your daily calories should be provided by fat? A) 20 to 35 percent B) 45 to 65 percent C) 10 to 35 percent D) 5 to 20 percent
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A) 20 to 35 percent
Answer: A |
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11) According to MyPlate, half of your plate should be devoted to which food group? A) oils B) vegetables and fruits C) protein D) grains
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B) vegetables and fruits
Answer: B |
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31) The average amount of a nutrient that is known to meet the needs of 50 percent of the individuals in a similar age and gender group is called the A) EAR. B) AI. C) UL. D) RDA.
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A) EAR.
Answer: A |
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5) The sphincter between the stomach and the small intestine is the A) ileocecal sphincter. B) lower esophageal sphincter. C) upper sphincter. D) pyloric sphincter.
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D) pyloric sphincter.
Answer: D |
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7) The majority of digestion occurs in the A) mouth. B) stomach. C) small intestine. D) large intestine.
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C) small intestine.
Answer: C |
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8) Which of the following correctly sequences the segments of the small intestine? A) duodenum; jejunum; ileum B) jejunum; ileum; duodenum C) ileum; colon; jejunum D) ileum; esophagus; colon
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A) duodenum; jejunum; ileum
Answer: A |
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10) Which of the following is not correct about the small intestine? A) It contains villi. B) It absorbs water. C) It secretes digestive enzymes. D) It absorbs most nutrients.
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B) It absorbs water.
Answer: B |
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12) Which of the following is the sloshing motion that thoroughly mixes chyme with the chemical secretions of the intestine? A) pendular movement B) peristalsis C) segmentation D) absorption
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C) segmentation
Answer: C |
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17) Bile is released into the ________ in response to the ingestion of fat. A) stomach B) small intestine C) large intestine D) GI tract
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D) GI tract
Answer: D |
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18) The enzymes from the ________ are responsible for the digestion of almost all the fat, half the protein, and half the carbohydrate you eat. A) stomach B) liver C) pancreas D) gallbladder
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C) pancreas
Answer: C |
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19) During digestion, the blood picks up nutrients through the GI tract and transports them to the A) liver. B) heart. C) brain. D) lungs.
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A) liver.
Answer: A |
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4) Which of the following is not a polysaccharide?
A) galactose B) fiber C) glycogen D) starch
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A) galactose
Answer: A |
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13) Which of the following is true regarding diabetes in children?
A) The last few decades have shown a steady decrease of diabetes among those under the age of 20. B) Children with diabetes have fewer medical complications from the disease because they are able to adapt to the changes in glucose metabolism. C) Type 1 is not the only type of diabetes seen in children. D) Obesity is not a risk factor for diabetes in children.
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C) Type 1 is not the only type of diabetes seen in children.
Answer: C |
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14) Janelle never has time to eat between work and her evening nutrition class. It has been 7 hours since lunch and she is feeling hungry and weak. From where is she getting glucose to meet her energy needs?
A) from stored fat B) from muscle protein C) from liver glycogen D) from the brain
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C) from liver glycogen
Answer: C |
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16) Approximately how long does it take for your liver glycogen stores to be depleted? A) 4 hours B) 8 hours C) 12 hours D) 18 hours
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D) 18 hours
Answer: D |
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19) What is the estimated minimum amount of carbohydrates that should be consumed daily, according to the latest DRIs? A) 25 grams B) 50 grams C) 130 grams D) 250 grams
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C) 130 grams
Answer: C |
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20) The current DRIs recommend that you should consume ________ grams of fiber for every 1,000 calories you eat. A) 5 B) 14 C) 28 D) 35
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B) 14
Answer: B |
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27) Which is not correct about type 1 diabetes? A) It usually begins in childhood. B) The immune system destroys the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. C) Insulin is produced, but cells are not using it properly. D) Daily insulin injections are required.
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A) It usually begins in childhood. B) The immune system destroys the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. C) Insulin is produced, but cells are not using it properly. D) Daily insulin injections are required. Answer: C |
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31) Which of these carbohydrates is also known as table sugar? A) sucrose B) maltose C) fructose D) lactose
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A) sucrose
Answer: A |
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32) Which of these carbohydrates is made from two glucose units joined together? A) lactose B) galactose C) sucrose D) maltose
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D) maltose
Answer: D |
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37) The disaccharide lactose is composed of glucose and A) fructose. B) sucrose. C) maltose. D) galactose.
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D) galactose.
Answer: D |
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41) Both fat and ________ are important sources of stored energy. A) protein B) glycogen C) hydrogen D) fiber
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B) glycogen
Answer: B |
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1) Lipids contain all the following molecules except A) nitrogen. B) carbon. C) hydrogen. D) oxygen. |
A) nitrogen. |
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5) Phospholipids are made up of how many fatty acid chains? A) 4 B) 3 C) 2 D) 1 |
C) 2 |
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6) A fatty acid that has one double bond is called a A) unsaturated fatty acid. B) polyunsaturated fatty acid. C) monounsaturated fatty acid. D) saturated fatty acid. |
C) monounsaturated fatty acid. |
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7) Which of the following lipids is a precursor for both vitamin D and testosterone?
A) cholesterol B) alpha-linolenic acid C) eicosanoids D) saturated fat |
A) cholesterol |
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8) Which is correct regarding trans fats?
A) They raise LDL and HDL. B) They raise triglycerides and lower LDL. C) They raise LDL and lower HDL. D) They raise blood pressure. |
C) They raise LDL and lower HDL.
Trans fats are created by food manufacturers through the process of hydrogenation Trans fats are actually worse for heart health than saturated fat |
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9) The current AMDR recommendation for fat in the American diet is
A) 10 to 15 percent. B) 20 to 35 percent. C) 25 to 30 percent. D) 35 to 50 percent. |
B) 20 to 35 percent. |
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10) Which of the following is/are a precursor of bile, vitamin D, and some sex hormones? A) phospholipids B) triglycerides C) cholesterol D) alpha-linolenic acid |
C) cholesterol |
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11) Compounds in your body that consist of numerous amino acids and are found in all living cells are called A) proteins. B) peptides. C) peptones. D) dipeptides. |
A) proteins. |
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12) The most common inherited blood disorder in the United States is A) sickle-cell anemia. B) pernicious anemia. C) iron-deficient anemia. D) PKU. |
A) sickle-cell anemia. |
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13) Proteins can be denatured or rendered inactive by which of the following? A) cold B) acids C) fats D) carbohydrates |
B) acids |
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14) Digestion of protein within the stomach begins with the enzyme A) pepsinogen. B) trypsinogen. C) pepsin. D) protease. |
C) pepsin. |
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15) Which state, in terms of nitrogen balance, would a pregnant or nursing woman typically be in? A) positive nitrogen balance B) nitrogen equilibrium C) negative nitrogen balance D) double-positive nitrogen balance |
A) positive nitrogen balance |
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16) The average adult, age 19 and older, should consume how many grams of protein for each kilogram of body weight? A) 8.0 B) 0.6 C) 1.8 D) 0.8 |
D) 0.8 |
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17) An overweight individual's protein needs are A) much greater than those of a normal-weight person of similar height. B) lower than those of a normal-weight person of similar height. C) not much greater than those of a normal-weight person of similar height. D) twice that of a normal-weight person of similar height. |
C) not much greater than those of a normal-weight person of similar height. |
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21) Which of the following does not accurately describe vitamins? A) tasteless B) organic compounds C) provide energy D) needed for growth |
C) provide energy |
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22) Which of the following vitamins travels in a micelle along with bile and fatty acids? A) vitamin C B) niacin C) riboflavin D) vitamin A |
D) vitamin A |
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24) Which of the following is correct about xerophthalmia? A) It is often due to an overdose of vitamin A. B) It can occur if a person consumes too many carrots. C) It is permanent damage to the cornea due to a vitamin A deficiency. D) It mainly affects the gallbladder. |
C) It is permanent damage to the cornea due to a vitamin A deficiency. |
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25) Which of the following is a form of naturally occurring vitamin E? A) beta-carotene B) alpha-tocopherol C) riboflavin D) pantothenic acid |
B) alpha-tocopherol |
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26) Which light-sensitive vitamin is abundant in milk? A) riboflavin B) alpha-tocopherol C) vitamin C D) thiamin |
A) riboflavin |
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28) Carly and Adam have been married for three years and are beginning to think about having children. Which vitamin should Carly make sure she is getting enough of prior to conceiving, in order to reduce the risk of neural tube defects? A) pantothenic acid B) vitamin D C) riboflavin D) folate |
D) folate |
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30) Vitamin C is necessary for which of the following processes? A) collagen formation B) bone growth C) blood clotting D) vitamin synthesis |
A) collagen formation |
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31) Which of the following statements is correct about water within the human body? A) Water acts as a solvent within the body. B) Water is a main component of the blood. C) Water is used to regulate body temperature. D) All these statements are correct. |
D) All these statements are correct. |
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33) Which of the following is a major mineral? A) fluoride B) potassium C) iron D) zinc |
B) potassium |
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34) The average healthy adult is approximately ________ percent water. A) 40 B) 50 C) 60 D) 70 |
C) 60 |
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35) Which of the following can interfere with the absorption of iron? A) vitamin C B) phytates C) oxalates D) protein from animal foods |
B) phytates |
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37) Which mineral may play a role in lowering high blood pressure? A) calcium B) magnesium C) potassium D) All these answers are correct. |
D) All these answers are correct. |
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38) In the DASH-Sodium study, which amount of sodium was found to be the most effective as a daily limit? A) 3,000 milligrams B) 2,500 milligrams C) 1,500 milligrams D) 900 milligrams |
C) 1,500 milligrams |
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40) Which of the following is correct regarding potassium? A) Deficiency can occur due to vomiting or diarrhea. B) Low potassium can cause muscle weakness. C) High-protein, low-vegetable/fruit diets may cause potassium deficiency. D) All these answers are correct. |
D) All these answers are correct. |
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1) Moderate alcohol consumption is no more than ________ alcoholic drink(s) daily for adult women, and no more than ________ drink(s) daily for adult men. A) 1; 1 B) 2; 3 C) 1; 2 D) 1; 3
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C) 1; 2 Answer: C |
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5) Where is the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase found in the body? A) mouth and throat B) stomach and liver C) intestines and colon D) gallbladder and kidneys |
B) stomach and liver |
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7) Which of the areas of your brain is affected first by alcohol? A) brain stem B) cerebral cortex C) cerebellum D) All areas are affected at the same time. |
B) cerebral cortex |
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8) Compounds in alcohol that enhance flavor but may contribute to hangover symptoms are called A) resveratrol. B) alcohol dehydrogenase. C) congeners. D) acetaldehyde. |
C) congeners. |
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10) Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is associated with a deficiency of A) vitamin C. B) vitamin E. C) thiamin. D) niacin. |
C) thiamin. |
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12) What steps must one take to reverse a fatty liver? A) consume more vitamin C B) stop consuming alcohol C) drink more fluids D) eat more dairy |
B) stop consuming alcohol |
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13) Which of the following is the second stage of alcohol liver disease? A) cirrhosis B) alcohol hepatitis C) fatty liver D) gastritis |
B) alcohol hepatitis |
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4) David thinks he is overweight and calculated his BMI to be 20. David should interpret this value as his being A) overweight. B) underweight. C) at a healthy weight. D) obese. |
C) at a healthy weight. |
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5) Which of the following BMI value's is considered healthy? A) under 18.5 B) between 18.5 and 25 C) between 18.5 and 30 D) between 20 and 30 |
B) between 18.5 and 25 |
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8) The type of fat that is stored in the abdominal region is called A) subcutaneous fat. B) visceral fat. C) central fat. D) gynoid fat. |
B) visceral fat. |
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10) The factor that most affects your BMR is A) how many calories you eat. B) how active you are. C) how much lean body mass you have. D) how many hours you sleep each night. |
C) how much lean body mass you have. |
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18) Weight loss during a low-carbohydrate diet is primarily due to what? A) water loss B) fat loss C) protein loss D) None of these answers is correct. |
A) water loss |
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21) Of all the dietary substances that increase satiety, which of these will have the most dramatic effect? A) protein B) artificial sweeteners C) vitamins D) sugar |
A) protein |
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9) The conditioning or training of muscles A) decreases their ability to store glycogen. B) increases their ability to store glycogen. C) decreases their ability to store fat. D) increases their ability to store lactate. |
B) increases their ability to store glycogen. |
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10) Endurance athletes are required to consume ________ grams of protein per kilogram body weight. A) 0.8 to 1.0 B) 1.2 to 1.4 C) 1.6 to 1.8 D) 2.0 to 2.2 |
A) 0.8 to 1.0 |
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11) Which nutrients contribute most of the energy needed for physical activity? A) fat and carbohydrate B) protein and fat C) carbohydrate and vitamins D) vitamins and protein |
A) fat and carbohydrate |
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12) Once your muscles and liver have stored all the glycogen possible, any excess glucose will be stored in the form of A) protein. B) fat. C) insulin. D) starch. |
B) fat. |
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14) The main energy source during exercise of low to moderate intensity is A) fat. B) protein. C) glucose. D) ADP. |
A) fat. |
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18) The main nutrient needed to promote muscle growth and recovery is A) fat. B) protein. C) carbohydrate. D) vitamins. Answer: B |
B) protein. |
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19) Which type of foods should generally be avoided several hours before exercise? A) high-protein foods B) high-carbohydrate foods C) high-fat foods D) high-water foods |
C) high-fat foods |
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20) Whey protein is the preferred protein source to consume after exercise because A) it tastes good. B) it is found in vegetables and they are healthy to eat. C) it contains all the essential amino acids. D) it is sold in health food stores and is readily available. |
C) it contains all the essential amino acids. |
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21) Why does sports anemia occur? A) because athletes use more oxygen B) because blood volume increases C) because most athletes don't consume enough protein D) because most athletes don't consume enough iron |
B) because blood volume increases |
