Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Children between the ages of 5 and 10 years also referred to as "school age"? |
Middle Childhood |
|
|
The stage of development immediately preceding adolescence; 9- 11 years of age for girls and 10-12 years of age for boys? |
Preadolescence |
|
|
During this age, __________ is increasing, but the beginnings of _________ disorders can also be detected in some school-age and preadolescent children. Eating _________ has been associated with improved academic performance in school and reduced tardiness and absence. |
-Obesity -Eating -Breakfast |
|
|
__________, __________, and ___________ children have better child well-being outcomes compared with hispanic, african american, and american indian children. |
-White -Asian -Pacific Islander |
|
|
The average annual (yearly) growth during the school years is _____ lbs and _______ in height. |
-7lbs (3-3.5kg) -2.5 inches (6cm) |
|
|
Consists of a non-stretchable tape on a flat surface like a wall with a moveable right-angle head board? |
Height Board |
|
|
WHO Child Growth Standards for 0-5 years: based on ___________ growth data. WHO Child Growth Standards for school-age children and adolescents was constructed using ____________ historical data. Most clinical settings in the US use the ______ chart to monitor the growth of children. |
-Prospective -Existing -CDC |
|
|
Physiological development in school-age children: Increases in: ___________ strength, motor ____________ , and stamina. Body fat changes: reaches a minimum then reverses, preparing for next ______________. Adiposity rebound. Boys have more _______ tissue than girls. |
-Muscular -Coordination -Growth spurt -Lean |
|
|
Early childhood years, percent body fat reaches minimum of ___% for girls and ___% for boys. BMI rebound happens around ___-___ years of age. Increase in body fat with puberty is earlier and greater in females than in males. Females= ___%. Males= ____%. |
-16% F -13% M -6-6.3 years -19% F -14% M |
|
|
|
-Concrete -Strategy -Role |
|
|
The knowledge of what to do and the ability to do it? |
Self Efficiency |
|
|
Feeding Skills: improvement in coordination and improvement in feeding skills leads to mastery in use of eating ____________. Become involved in food prep and ___________ the table (which helps boost developing self esteem). Complexities of skills go up with age. They learn about different foods, simple food prep, and basic nutrition facts. |
-Utensils -Setting |
|
|
Eating Behaviors: Influencers: __________ & ___________ early; _________ later. Parents should be positive role models. Family mealtimes should be encouraged. Media has strong influence on food choices. External factors such as the time of day, the presence of other people, and the availability of good food begin to override the ___________ controls of hunger and satiety as children become older. |
-Parents and Older siblings -Peers -Internal |
|
|
Body image and excessive dieting: The mother’s concern of her own weight issues may increase her influence over her ___________'s food intake. Young girls are preoccupied with weight & body size at an early age. Early dieting or forbidding palatable foods may actually be a risk factor for later __________. |
-Daughter's -Obesity |
|
|
The normal increase in adiposity at this age may be interpreted as the beginning of obesity. Imposing controls & restriction of ”______________” may increase desire & intake of the foods. |
Forbidden foods |
|
|
Energy and nutrient needs for school age children: Calories: Part of ______. Based on gender, age, height, weight, physical activity level (PAL). Energy allowance based on body weight are lower for school-age kids than for toddlers and preschoolers because of the ___________ growth rate. |
-DRIs -Slowing |
|
|
PROTEIN: DRI: ______ g/kg (boys and girls 4-13) |
0.95g/kg |
|
|
FIBER:4-8 years = _____ g/day. Boys 9-13 years = _____ g/day. Girls 9-13 = ______g/day. |
-4-8= 25g/day -9-13 B= 31g/day -9-13 G= 26g/day |
|
|
Vitamins and Minerals 4-8 years: IRON= ______mg/day. ZINC= ______mg/d. CALCIUM= ______mg/day. |
-10mg/d -5mg/d -1000mg/d |
|
|
Vitamins and Minerals 9-13 years: IRON= ______mg/day. ZINC= ______mg/d. CALCIUM= ______mg/day. |
-8mg/d -8mg/d -1300mg/d |
|
|
Dietary Recommendations: Bone formation occurs during _________. Include dairy products and calcium-fortified foods. Vitamin D from exposure to sunlight and Vitamin D fortified foods. |
Puberty |
|
|
Fluids and soft drinks: Children: sweat ________. Higher core temperature during heat stress. More sodium and chloride in their sweat. _____________ is the best fluid for children. Limit soft drinks; No energy drinks. Teach good beverage choices. |
-Less -Cold water |
|
|
Iron Deficiency Anemia: ________ common in children than in toddlers. Dietary recommendations to prevent– iron rich foods, Vitamin C sources for absorption. |
Less |
|
|
Dental Caries: Seen in _____ of children ages 6 to 9. Limit sugary snacks; rinse or brush after eating; provide fluoride. |
Half |
|
|
Prevention of nutrition related disorders: Prevalence of overweight children is increasing. Data from NHANES I, II, & III suggest weight gain linked to __________ rather than increases in energy intake. Excessive body weight increases risk of cardiovascular disease & type 2 diabetes mellitus. |
Inactivity |
|
|
Obesity for school children more common in: ____________ and ____________ and adolescents. Heaviest children are getting heavier. |
-Hispanics -Non-hispanic blacks |
|
|
Characteristics of overweight children: Physical differences. Early BMI rebound is a predictor for _________ BMI in later childhood. Maternal and/or (both) parental obesity is a predictor of childhood obesity. Overweight kids are usually ________, have advanced ________ ages, and experience ___________ maturity at an earlier age than their non-overweight peers. |
-Higher -Taller -Bone -Sexual |
|
|
Obesity related to hours of television viewing: Resting energy expenditure ____________ while viewing TV. Healthy People 2020 objective:Increase proportion of children who view 2 hours or less of TV per day from 78.9% to 86.8%. 33%= 5 hours or more. 11%= 2 hours or less. Highest rates of daily television viewing age 11-13. |
-Decreases |
|
|
Top 3 predictors of childhood obesity? |
-Maternal obesity -Low family income -Lower cognitive stimulation |
|
|
The amount of energy needed by the body in a state of rest? |
Resting Energy Expenditure |
|
|
Prevention and treatment of overweight and obesity: Treatment consists of a multi-component, family-based program consisting of: __________ training, Dietary counseling/nutrition education, Physical activity/addressing sedentary behaviors, _____________ counseling. |
-Parent -Dietary |
|
|
Treatment of Overweight and Obesity: Stage 1? Stage 2? Stage 3? Stage 4? |
-Prevention Plus -SWIM -MI -Tertiary Care Intervention (reserved for severely obese adolescence) |
|
|
Obesity and Overweight weight loss: 85th-94th= slowing weight gain until BMI <85th is achieved. 95th-98th= weight loss no more than ______ pounds per week until <85th. > or = to 99 = no more than _____ pounds until <85th. |
-1 -2 |
|
|
-<7% calories from Saturated Fats -<300mg cholesterol -<1% calories trans fatty acids ** |
**
|
|
|
Recommended vs. Actual Intake: Saturated fat—intake is 11% of calories (recommend <7%)Total fat—intake excessive in African American & Mexican-American girls and African American boys. Caffeine—increasing because of soft drink consumption. ____________ intake falls short of RDA. Fast food—33% of children consume fast food each day |
-Calcium |
|
|
Sum of dietary fiber and functional fiber? |
Total Fiber |
|
|
Complex carbohydrates and lignins naturally occurring and found mainly in the plant cell wall. Cannot be broken down by human digestive enzymes? |
Dietary Fiber |
|
|
Non-digestible carbohydrates including plant, animal, or commercially produced sources that have beneficial effects in humans? |
Functional Fiber |
|
|
Fiber rich foods: apple w/ skin, broccoli, whole-grain breads, brown rice, dried beans and peas. AI for fiber: 4-8= ______g/day. Boys 9-13= _____g/day. Girls 9-13= ______g/day. |
-25g -31g -26g |
|
|
1 cup of skim milk/ low fat milk has ______ mg of calcium. |
300mg |
|
|
Common cause of abdominal pain? |
Lactose Intolerance |
|
|
Physical activity recommendations: Children should engage in at least ____ minutes of physical activity each day. Parents should set a good example, encourage physical activity, and limit media & computer use. Actual: Only 7.9% of middle & junior high schools require daily physical activity. |
-60 minutes |
|
|
Nutrition education: School-age: a prime time for learning about healthy lifestyles. Schools can provide an appropriate environment for nutrition education & learning healthy lifestyles. Education may be knowledge-based nutrition education or behavior based on reducing disease risk. Girls tend to be less active than boys. Physical activity decreases with age. Seasonal and climate differences are seen in children's activity levels. Physical education in schools has decreased. ** |
** |
|
|
Contracts between schools and soft-drink companies whereby the schools receive a percentage of the profits of soft drink sales in exchange for the school offering only that soft drink company's products on the school campus? |
Pouring Rights |
|
|
Foods sold to children in food service areas during meal times that compete with the federal meal programs? |
Competitive Foods |
|
|
SHI (The school health index)--- Helps schools identify strengths and weaknesses of health and safety policies and programs; develop an action plan for improving student health, which can be incorporated into the school improvement plan; engage teachers, parents, students, and the community in promoting health-enhancing behaviors and better health? ** |
** |
|
|
Study that evaluated the effectiveness of a school based dietary intervention program in increasing fruit and vegetable consumption among fourth graders? |
High 5 Alabama |
|
|
Public food and nutrition programs: Financial assistance provided by the federal gov’t to schools participating in the National School Lunch Program: Five requirements: Lunches based on __________ standards; No _____________ between those who can and cannot pay; Operate on a ___________ basis; Programs must be accountable; Must participate in commodity program |
-Nutrition -Discrimination -Non-profit |
|
|
Public Food and Nutrition programs: The National School Lunch Program (NSLP) Standards:1. Both _______ and __________ every day; increasing whole grains 2. Only __________ or ___________ milk3. Limiting calories based on child's ________ 4. Reduce saturated and trans fats, and sodium |
-Fruits and veggies -Low fat or fat free -Age (NSLP) |
|
|
A USDA program in which food products are sent to schools for use in the child nutrition programs. Usually acquired for farm price support and surplus removal reasons? |
Commodity Program |
|
|
School breakfast programs: Authorized in 1966. States may require schools who serve needy populations to provide school breakfast. The ________ rules apply to the School Breakfast. ProgramBreakfast must provide _____ of the DRI. |
-NSLP -1/4 |
|
|
Summer Food Service Program: provides summer meals to areas with >50% of students from low-income families. |
>50% |
|
|
Provides training, technical assistance, education, or support to promote nutrition in schools? |
Team Nutrition |
|
|
Focuses on increasing foods in food groups. Nutrient standards are closer to DRIs. Updated and modernized nutrition standards, i.e., sodium reductions. Timeline of implementationTarget 1: 2014-2015Target 2: 2017-2018Final target: 2022-2023? |
Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act 2010 (HHFKA) |
