Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What does APGAR stand for?
|
A - Appearance
P - Pulse G - Grimance (reflex) A - Activity (tone) R - Respiration |
|
|
What are the APGAR scores?
|
A - Blue/Pink 0, Pink body/blue extremities 1, all pink 2
P - 0 0, <100 1, >100 2 G - Limp 0, Some flexion 1, Active 2 R - Absent 0, slow irrgular 1, good 2 |
|
|
An 1hr old baby presents with scalp swelling. The swelling does not cross the suture line?
|
Cephalhaematoma (sub-periosteoal bleed)
|
|
|
An 1hr old baby presents with scalp swelling following prolonged 2nd stage of labour. The child goes on to become jaundice and the swelling resolves itself without any intervention?
|
Caput succedaneum
|
|
|
A 4hr old baby presents with firm rubbery nodules on the cheeks and buttocks. Birth hx: difficult labour and an apgar score of 4, prolonged hypothermia, (hypocalcaemia later)
|
Subcutaneous Fat Necrosis
|
|
|
1h baby: has a waiter's tip hand (hand pointing back).
a) What is the diagnosis? b) What nerves are involved? c) What additional investigations need to be done and why? d) What is the prognosis? |
a) Erb Palsy
b) C3, C4 (C5) c) Chest X-ray: to see if there is an elevated diaphragm. (occurs if C5 is involved: ipsilateral hemi-diaphragm parlysis which may cause some respiratory distress) d) Injury tends to go away with time (severe may need physio) |
|
|
Clunkies paralysis explain:
|
Birth injury affecting C8-T1, baby may have horner's syndrome, claw has deformity.
|
|
|
What is the rhyme to help remember Horner's Syndrome
|
Horner is a guy (gal) whole forehead is dry who has a small eye and can't see the sky.
- Anhydrosis - Miosis - Ptosis |
|
|
Possible complications of a neonate from a diabetic mother?
|
- Macrosomia
- Hypoglycaemia: seizure, shakes, other electrolyte abnormalities (low Mg, Ca) - High RBC, Hb (Ruddy, plethoric) - Jaundice - RDS - Cardiac: hypertrophic cardiac myopathy - GI: Delayed passage of meconeum |
|
|
Management of neonates from a diabetic mother?
|
- Dertermine if child becomes hypoglyaemic
- Treat hypoglycaemia with IV glucouse until they reset the pancrease & the insulin it excretes |
|
|
What is the best initial test for a child with respiratory distress syndrome?
|
Chest X-ray: Ground glass appearence, air bronchograms
|
|
|
Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN). Explain?
|
- Tachypneic
- Due to retained fluid in the lung, baby trying to breath it off quickly - Associated with term babies & rapid 2nd stage of labour, C/S |
|
|
Bilious vomiting from birth. Double bubble appearance on abdominal X-ray
|
Duodenal Atresia
|
|
|
No passage of stools, abdominal X-ray show sticture in bowel, megacolon above
|
Hirschsprung Disease (congenital lack of ganglion cells)
|
|
|
Pre-term baby, apgar score of 4, bloody stools and abdominal distension
|
Nectrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)
|
|
|
Explain physiological jaundice:
|
- Not present in the first 24hrs of life
- Usually peaks by day 3-5 and goes by day 7-10 - Babies are born with high circulation RBC & Hb as they are a little hypoxic in utero and erythropoietin is stimulated (normal increase turnover + a non-fully developed liver = pysiological jaundice) |
|
|
Baby age 1 day: Jaundice, coombs test positive.
|
- Rh, ABO, Minor (haemolytic disease of the newborn)
|
|
|
Baby day 2, jaundice. Coombs test negative. High Hb
|
- Polycythemia (was the baby hypoxic in utero, diabetic mother)
- Twin-twin trans - IUGR |
|
|
What is the risk if the fetus if the mum has:
Cyanotic heart disease |
Intrauterine growth retardation
|
|
|
What is the risk if the fetus if the mum has:
Graves |
Transient thyrotoxicosis
|
|
|
What is the risk if the fetus if the mum has:
Hyperparathyroidism |
Hypocalcemia
|
|
|
What is the risk if the fetus if the mum has:
Idiopathic thrombocytopenia |
Thrombocytopenia
|
|
|
What is the risk if the fetus if the mum has:
Myasthenia gravis |
Transient neonatal myastheia
|
|
|
What is the risk if the fetus if the mum has:
SLE |
Congenital heart block
|
