Nb Block 2 Grading And Drainage

Front 1

A known or fixed elevation on a site.

Back 1

Benchmark

Front 2

Dashed lines on a topographical map USUALLY mean

Back 2

Current elevations

Front 3

Solid lines on a topographical map USUALLY indicate

Back 3

Proposed elevations

Front 4

On a topographical map, how would water flow in relation to topographic lines

Back 4

Perpendicular

Front 5

The line height label may be placed on the line, or ____ the line

Back 5

Above.

NEVER UNDER to avoid confusion

Front 6

When topographical lines are tight together, would this indicate a gentle slope or a steep slope?

Back 6

Steep

Front 7

When topographical lines are spaced apart, does this imply a gentle or steep slope?

Back 7

Gentle

Front 8

Which type of land form is this?

Back 8

Valley

Front 9

Which type of land form is this?

Back 9

Valley

Front 10

What type of land form is this?

Back 10

Ridge

Front 11

What type of land form is this?

Back 11

Ridge

Front 12

What type of land form is this?

Back 12

Summit

Front 13

What type of land form is this?

Back 13

Summit

Front 14

The reshaping of the surface of a site Is called

Back 14

Grading

Front 15

The goal of grading is

Back 15

To promote proper drainage.

Front 16

A special type of map that illustrates how a site is to be reshaped or grading is called

Back 16

A grading plan

Front 17

What are contours lines?

Back 17

Lines that connect points of equal elevation

Front 18

Existing contour lines show What?

Back 18

The sites grades as they currently exist

Front 19

What do proposed contours lines show?

Back 19

The site as it will appear after grading

Front 20

A Contour Interval is labeled on every topographic map and grading plan. What does it show us?

Back 20

Specifies the change in elevation between contours

Front 21

Every 5th contour line is called ____. They are drawn with heavier lines. What is their purpose?

Back 21

Index contours.

They make drawings easier to read

Front 22

On some landscape plans depressions are indicated with ______ lines. These lines always point downhill.

Back 22

Hachure lines

Front 23

The short perpendicular lines are called

Back 23

Hachure lines

Front 24

These elevation labels are drawn at high points and low points within a closed contour

Back 24

Spot elevations

Front 25

The term used to describe the removal of earth from an area

Back 25

Cut

Front 26

The term used to describe the addition of earth to an area

Back 26

Fill

Front 27

Would this be a cut or a fill?

Back 27

A cut excavation

Front 28

Is this a cut or a fill?

Back 28

Fill excavation

Front 29

Is this a cut or a fill?

Back 29

Both.

Front 30

2 main types of drainage systems

Back 30

Surface drainage and

Subsurface drainage

Front 31

Surface or subsurface?

What is the term used for this linear depression?

Back 31

Surface

Swale

Front 32

System that removes water that has percolated below the surface

Back 32

Subsurface drain

Front 33

Would a French drain be considered a surface drain or subsurface drain?

Back 33

Subsurface

Front 34

Would a surface drain or subsurface drain be more effective at removing water from around a foundation or retaining wall?

Back 34

Subsurface

Front 35

Subsurface drain? Or surface drain?

Back 35

Surface

Front 36

Surface drain or subsurface drain?

Back 36

Subsurface drain

Front 37

Subsurface drains can be subject a major problem. What is it?

Back 37

Sediment buildup can clog drain and is hard to access for maintenance.

Front 38

Where should Downspouts NOT be able to discharge water?

Back 38

Walkways or other surfaces that could become hazardous

Front 39

If a downspout is fed into an underground pipe to move water away from a structure, make sure the end of the pipe is _______.

Back 39

Open ended (daylighted).

Front 40

A grass swale is designed to

Back 40

Slow the rate of storm water and filter pollutants

Front 41

In swales, the strategic placement of _________ encourages ponding which in turn facilitates water improvement through infiltration.

Back 41

Check dams

Front 42

Back 42

Check dam

Front 43

Back 43

Check dam

Front 44

These are low maintenance and help with the removal of sediments, nutrients, and pollutants on a site, while also increasing stormwater infiltration and providing a aesthetically pleasing component to a site

Back 44

Grassed swale

Front 45

Grassed swales are used to treat relatively small drainage areas of ___ acres or less.

Back 45

5 acres

Front 46

Example of dry swale or wet swale?

Back 46

Wet swale

Front 47

Dry swale or wet swale?

Back 47

Dry swale

Front 48

A gravel filled trench that includes perforated pipe

Back 48

French drain

Front 49

May also be called a curtain drain, perimeter drain, weeping tile, or agricultural drain.

Back 49

French drain

Front 50

How does a French drain differ from typical surface drain?

Back 50

French drain collect water over the entire length of the drain, instead of at one particular spot

Front 51

2 variations of pipe frequently used for French drains

Back 51

Corrugated or

PVC

Front 52

What is an advantage of using corrugated pipe? Using PVC pipe?

Back 52

Corrugated can be flexible

PVC is stronger and more rigid

Front 53

Whether you use PVC or corrugated pipe fore a French drain, both must be _________ at regular intervals to allow water to enter and flow through the system

Back 53

Perforated

Front 54

For most residential applications a perforated pipe ___ inches wide in diameter should be adequate.

Back 54

4 inches

Front 55

French drain depth

Back 55

8 inches to 2 feet deep.

Front 56

Calculating the size of a rain garden depends on these 3 factors.

Back 56

1. How much water will be captured

2. The slope of the land

3. What kind of Soil is present

Front 57

For a rain garden that will capture primarily rooftop water, what is the formula for figuring out the area of the rain garden?

Back 57

1.Calculate the surface of the roof

2. Determine how much of the roof is drained to the downspout that feeds your rain garden

3. Turn the percentage into a decimal then multiply by your square footage

Front 58

What is the total drainage area?

Back 58

The combined measurements of Areas that will drain into your rain garden.

(Roof drainage area + area of lawn, Walkways, driveways etc.)

Front 59

If an area has a slope of less than 4% how deep should your rain garden be?

Back 59

3-5 inches

Front 60

If an area has a slope between 5% and 7% then how deep should the rain garden be?

Back 60

6-7 inches

Front 61

If an area has a slope between 8% and 12% then how deep should the rain garden be?

Back 61

8 inches

Front 62

A method to test infiltration rate of Soil:

Back 62

Dig a hole 1 foot deep and 6" in diameter.

Fill it three times, allowing the water to soak each time.

Fill it a fourth time and observe how long it takes for the water to soak in.

and observe how long it takes for the water to soak in.

Front 63

When doing an infiltration test on soil how can you tell if you are working with a Sandy soil?

Back 63

The soil will drain at a rate of 1-2 inches per hour

Front 64

When doing an infiltration test on soil how can you tell if the soil has a significant amount of clay?

Back 64

If any water is remaining after 12 hours then the soil has a significant amount of clay

Front 65

The number one reason that rain gardens fail

Back 65

The soil becomes too compacted

Front 66

Back 66

Silt fencing

Front 67

Back 67

Silt fencing

Front 68

What are two materials that Erosion control mats are often made of?

Back 68

Coconut

Straw

Front 69

Back 69

Erosion mat

Front 70

Back 70

Erosion mat

Front 71

Back 71

Corrugated pipe

Front 72

Back 72

Perforated corrugated pipe

Front 73

Back 73

Perforated pipe

Front 74

What permit is required when working within 30 metres of a water course or wetland?

Back 74

Water course alteration permit

Front 75

What are the 3 ways in which slope can be expressed?

Back 75

%, ratio, gradient

Front 76

Back 76

Sun scald

Front 77

What does GDL stand for?

Back 77

Gradient

Difference In elevation

Horizontal distance