N180 Exam 1 Flashcards

Front 1

define pharmacology

Back 1

- preparation, properties, uses and actions of drugs

- study of medicine

Front 2

define pharmacotherapy

Back 2

application of drugs for the purpose of disease prevention and treatment of suffering

Front 3

define drug

Back 3

-substance absorbed to treat and prevent disease

-chemical agent producing biologic responces

Front 4

FDA purpose related to drugs

Back 4

approves drugs, researches drugs, performs follows ups, all in the name of public safety.

Front 5

what is therapeutic drug classification

Back 5

categorizing by effectiveness to treat disease /condition. for example: anticoagulant.

Front 6

what is pharmacologic drug classification

Back 6

categorizing by the agents action on a molecular level. For example: vasodilator

Front 7

what is pharmacokinetics

Back 7

study of drug movement through the body

absorb

distribute

metabolize

excrete

Front 8

define onset

Back 8

time it takes to reach concentration levels that produce effect

Front 9

what is M.E.C.

minimum effective concentration

Back 9

lowest plasma concentration that produces desired effect

Front 10

what is peak effect

Back 10

Time it takes to reach highest effective concentration

Front 11

define duration of action

Back 11

length of time the drug has effect

Front 12

what is half life

Back 12

length of time to reduce blood concentration level by 1/2

Front 13

define plateau effect

Back 13

Blood concentration of drug stays constant after repeated doses.

Front 14

define pharmacodynamics

Back 14

the study of what drugs do in the body

Front 15

define terms:

median effective dose

median lethal dose

median toxic dose

Back 15

dose for desired effect for 50% of population

lethal dose for 50% of population

dose that produces toxic effect in 50% of population

Front 16

What is therapeutic index

Back 16

AKA therapeutic window

high therapeutic index = high margin of dose safety

means wide range between effective dose and toxic dose

Front 17

define terms:

potentiation

additive

antagonistic

Back 17

One drug enhances the other.

two drugs with similar effect given together

on drug cancels the effect of another

Front 18

define terms:

potency

efficacy

Back 18

concentration, greater potency allows smaller doses

efficacy is the magnitude of maximum responce

Front 19

define terms

agonist

antagonist

Back 19

enhances

blocks

Front 20

What is a drug schedule?

Back 20

DEA categorization for potential abuse.

controlled substances act 1970.

I: no acceptable medical use

II: high abuse potential. has medical use

III: medium abuse potential. has medical use

IV: mild abuse potential. has medical use

V: limited abuse potential.

Front 21

5 Rights & 3 checks!!!!!!!!

Back 21

rights:

patient

dose

time

route

drug

checks: at MAR, during preparation, at bedside

Front 22

pregnancy categories for drugs

Back 22

A) tests reveal no fetal risks

B) tests reveal no animal fetal risks, no studies in humans

C) adverse effects to animal fetus, no human study.

D) studies reveal adverse effects to human fetus

X) no benefits outweigh the adverse effects / damage to fetus.

Front 23

How to know if you looking at a generic drug name verse a trade name

Back 23

Generic names will be all lower-case.

Trade names will start with a capital letter

Front 24

what is medication reconciliation

Back 24

process of keeping track of patients medications across their care. The purpose is to reduce duplication, omissions, errors, and interactions.

Front 25

How are herbal supplements regulated?

Back 25

By the DSHEA: dietary supplement health and education act of 1994. With much less rigorous regulations than FDA. FDA mandates products be clearly labeled and may remove risky products from market.