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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Definition of "microbiology"
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The study of organisms too small to see with the naked eye.
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Types of microorganisms (7)
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Bacteria
Archaea Fungi Protozoa Algae Viruses Multicellular animal parasites |
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What group of microbes is non-cellular?
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Viruses
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Alexander Fleming discovered the first antibiotic by accident. What did he name this antibiotic?
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"Penicillin"
(The active inhibitor of Penicillium chrysogenum) |
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Describe how Louis Pasteur disproved "spontaneous generation" in microbes.
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He poured beef broth into a long-necked flask, then heated the neck and bent it into as S-shaped curve. He boiled the broth for several minutes. Microorganisms did not appear in the cooled solution, even after long periods of time.
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Major groups of microbes (5)
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Viruses
Bacteria : eubacteria, archaea Protists : protozoa, algae, slime molds Fungi Animals |
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History of Microbiology : Ancient Times
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Indigenous peoples use in food/medicine is unclear.
Eqyptians describe beer/wine making. Greeks describe transmissible diseases. |
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History of Microbiology : Robert Hooke (1665)
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Observes that organisms are composed of cells.
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History of Microbiology : Antoni van Leeuwenhook (1673-1723)
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Saw microbes w/ microscope.
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History of Microbiology : Matthias Schleiden & Theodor Schwann (1839)
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Theorize that cells are fundamental units of life.
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History of Microbiology : Rancesco Redi (1668)
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Meat in mesh does not produce maggots.
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History of Microbiology : Louis Pasteur (1861)
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Microbes did not grow in heated/sealed (or curve-necked) vessels. Later discovers fermentation, invents pasteurization, and helps explain immunity.
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History of Microbiology : Edward Jenner (1796)
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Vaccination. Immunity to small pox could come from exposure to cow pox.
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History of Microbiology : Robert Koch (1876)
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Koch's postulates: specific microbes cause specific diseases.
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History of Microbiology : Alexander Fleming (1928)
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Discovers penicillin, antibiotics.
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History of Microbiology : Watson & Crick (1953)
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Solved structure of DNA.
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History of Microbiology : Boyer & Cohen (1972)
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Recombinant DNA technology: Used first restriction enzyme to cut and paste DNA.
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History of Microbiology : U.S. Government & Craig Venter (2001)
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Genomics: Using DNA sequence
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