Six Major Types Of Microorganisms And Disease

Microorganisms are living organisms which can be seen only with the aid of microscope. They are widespread in nature and are beneficial to life, but some can cause serious harm. There are six major types of micro-organisms these are bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoa, algae, and viruses. This essay aims to analyse micro-organisms and disease. First the key features of the main categories of micro-organisms and the roles of commensals, and pathogens will be explained respectively. Then mode of transmission, portals of entries and exits of microbes are explained. How our body defence mechanisms prevent from the infections will be discussed after the logical sequence of events that occur from the entry of a micro-organism in the body to the appearance …show more content…
Virus, bacteria, fungi and protozoa are major examples of pathogenic microbes. Any disease cause by microorganisms is called infectious disease.8 Viruses damage the host cells by disrupting the metabolic system of the cells and also destroy the cell when they burst out through the cytoplasmic membrane. Viral diseases are common cold, influenza, Ebola, measles, rubella, AIDS to name a few. Pathogen bacteria release toxins and cause diseases, for instance Vibrio cholera release toxins that cause cells to pump out ions and water by active transport so that the infected dies of dehydration. Others produce enzymes that break down cells or damage the immune system. 8 Fungi damage the tissue by secreting toxins or producing allergic reactions. Athlete’s foot and, oral and vaginal thrush are examples of fungal infections. Common infections caused by of protozoa are amoebic dysentery, sleeping sickness and …show more content…
virus, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, that can balance the ecosystem. Each has unique characteristics to distinguish one another. Virus is the smallest pathogenic microorganism which is in border of living and non-living things. Bacteria is a prokaryotic unicellular, which categorized in kingdom monera and reproduce by binary fission. Fungi, protozoa and algae are eukaryotic organisms. Fungi found as unicellular or multicellular and reproduction takes place by spore formation asexually or/and sexually. Bactria and fungi can be parasitic, commensals, mutualism or saprophytes. Our innate and adaptive body defense mechanism makes most of the microorganisms innocuous and live as a commensal. Vaccinations also improve our body immune system to prevent from certain infections. However, normal microflora in certain conditions and pathogenic microorganisms can cause disease if they overcome our body immune system and cause symptoms of infection. Identifying different type of signs and symptoms are vital to accurate and successful