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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Murdock - Aim |
To see if memory of words is affected by location in a list. |
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Murdock - Method |
Participants listened to 20 word lists with 10-40 words on them, recalled words after each list. |
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Murdock - results |
Recall related to position of words. Higher recall for the first words (primacy effect) and last words (recency effect) than in middle. |
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Murdock - conclusion |
Shows the serial position effect and supports the MSM stores. |
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Murdock evaluation |
1. Controlled lab study - there was a high level of control so it could be concluded position of words determined recall.
2. Artificial task - Word lists were used which is only one type of memory, so the study lacks validity.
3. Supporting research - Some amnesiacs can't store LTM, which shows primacy effect is related to LTM. |
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Bartlett - aim |
To see how memory is reconstructed when recalling an unfamiliar story. |
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Bartlett - method |
The War of the Ghosts story was read by one participant and recalled after 15 minutes, then read by another participant and recalled and so on. |
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Bartlett - results |
Participants changed the story to fit cultural expectations, leaving out unfamiliar information. |
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Bartlett - conclusion |
We use our knowledge of social situations to reconstruct memory. |
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Bartlett - evaluation |
1. Lacks control - participants were not told accurate recall was important, which could have affected results. 2. Results were biased - Bartlett analysed the recollections himself, so we cannot fully trust the conclusion. 3. Story was unusual - the story was unusual so may not reflect everyday memory processes. |
