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114 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a network? |
2 or more computers linked together by physical devices in order to share and transmit data |
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What sparked the development of the Internet? |
Sputnik |
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Who created packet switching? |
Paul Baran |
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What are the three pieces of packet switching, and what are their roles? |
The origin - the sender. If it does not get the message, then it will send the packet again
The destination - receives and sends back a "got it!" message
The order - how the packet gets put back together
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Why was Baran comissioned to find a way to keep communication? |
They needed to keep communication in case of a Nuclear Attack |
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When, what, and where was the first physical network? |
In 1969, ARPANET connected 4 universities. 3 in CA, 1 in Utah. |
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What was the speed of the original ARPANET? |
50 kb/s |
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who created the first email program, and when? |
Ray Tomlinson, 1972 |
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How many host in 1972? |
23 hosts |
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What was the TCP/IP |
Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol |
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Who created the TCP/IP |
Vint cerf and bob kann |
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What did the TCP/IP allow people to do? |
communicate with each other |
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Who coined the term, internet, in 1974? |
Vint Cerf |
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Who developed the Ethernet and when was it created? |
Robert Metcalfe in 1976 |
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How many host in 1976? |
111 |
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Who created the Domain Name System? |
University of Wisconsin |
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What was the significance of the DNS? |
People no longer needed to know the IP Address, which made it easier for people to get to sites. |
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How many hosts in 1983 |
1000~ |
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When were T-1 Lines coined by National Science Foundation? |
1985 |
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What was the speed of the T-1 lines? |
1.5 mb/s |
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How many host in 1985? |
almost 2000 |
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When was T-1 Lines completed? What happened? |
It took so long that it became outdated, needed to work on a new generation |
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When were the T-3 Lines being created? |
1990 |
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When was the original ARPANET taken out of service? |
1990/91 |
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What did Tims Berners Lee create? |
HTML, Hyper Text Markup language HTTP, Hyper Text Transfer protocol World WIde Web |
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How fast were T-3 Lines? |
45 mb/s |
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How many host in 1988/ |
56,000 |
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How many host in 1990/91? |
617,000 |
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When was WWW released? |
1991/92 |
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How many host in 1992? |
1,136,000 |
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What was the first web browser? |
Mosaic X |
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Who created the first web browser? |
University of Illinois |
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What significant thing happened in 1994? |
Beginning of online commercialism: Pizza hut opened its online ordering First virtual cyber bank opened NSF Net |
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How fast was the NSF net? |
145 mb/s |
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How many hostin 1993 |
2,056,000 |
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How many host in 1994? |
3,864,000 |
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Trend of the internet? |
More host, more speed Research up until WWW - Govnt, Univ; after - media consumption, entertainment, consumer entity Significant increase after GUI |
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What is the difference btwn internet and www |
Internet: Physical network component that makes up the connectivity. ex. router, hubs
the infrastructure. ex. road from A to B
WWW: Allows access to what is stored on servers
ex. car that leads from A to B |
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Who founded Netscape Corp. and WWW consortium? |
Marc Andreson |
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What did the WWW Consortium do/ |
Set standards for development of the WWW |
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How many host in 2002? |
500,000,000 |
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What year did amazon open? |
1994 |
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What year did Google open? |
1998 |
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What year did Java release? |
1995 |
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What year did Youtube open? |
2005 |
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What does OSI mean? |
Open System Interconnection |
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What did the OSI do? |
Defines a network into 7 layers control is passed through one layer to the next as data moves through network |
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Name some examples of cabling |
Coaxial Fiber Optics cat 5 T1, T3 |
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What level was hubs? |
level 1 |
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What level was switches? |
level 2, MAC address |
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what level was router? |
level 3, IP address |
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3 main components of a network? |
hardware, software, people |
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What is a connection point, either a redistribution point or an endpoint |
node |
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What was the main theme in the development of computers up until the 5th generation? |
Mathematics |
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What are the three emerging themes in the development of computers today? |
entertainment, communication, and data |
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Name four precursors to the modern computers |
ABACUS, Napier's Bone, Schickard's Calculators, Slide rule |
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Digital Computers were first developed to help what? |
Win the world war |
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_______ was the first computer. It contained 18,000 vacuum tubes |
ENIAC |
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Name 5 input devices |
Keyboard, mouse, joystick, microphones, trackpad |
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What OS did bill gates create? |
MS-DOS and Windows |
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Who is the father of computers? |
Charles Babbage |
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Who created the mouse and keyboard |
Doug Englebart |
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Place the following devices in order: 1. IBM introduced the PC 2. Slide rule is invented 3. Integrated Circuits were invented 4. Charles Babbage drew up plans for a mechanical computing device 5. Apple introduce the Macintosh 6. Vacuum tubes were invented 7. Molecules are being studied to replace semiconductors 8. Transistors are invented 9. ABACUS is used to perform calculations 10. Microprocessors are invented 11. ENIAC was built 12. Doug Englebart invented the mouse and keyboard |
9, 2, 4, 6, 11, 8, 3, 12, 10, 1, 5, 7 |
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Time, inventor, MPD, Adv, and Disadv, of first gen? |
1940 - 1956 Le de forest Vacuum tube 1st electric device, first to hold memory High maintenance, expensive, massive, burnout |
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Time, inventor, MPD, Adv, and Disadv, of second gen |
1956 - 1963 William Shockley Transistor Smaller, cheaper, and more reliable Heat, still large, maintenance
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Time, inventor, MPD, Adv, and Disadv, of third gen? |
1964 - 1971 Jack Kilby, robert Noyce Integrated Circuit Smaller, cheaper, faster, less power heat, complicated |
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Time, inventor, MPD, Adv, and Disadv, of fourth gen? |
1971 - Present Ted Hoff Microprocessor Smaller, Cheaper, Faster Heat, complicated, no AI |
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Time, inventor, MPD, Adv, and Disadv, of fifth |
Present and Beyond Not Invented yet AI but not invented yet - still using MP AI Could do many things Not developed, ethical issues |
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T/F - Bios executes the BIOS programs of various computer hardware devices |
T |
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T/F - Buses are tiny electrical paths that connect bay drives to the motherboard |
F |
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T/F - Cache is memory that is located in the CPU, it is much faster than having to use RAM |
T |
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T/F - Computer can complete over 10 million machine cycles every second |
T |
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T/F - It would be easy to make more cache and therefore speed up a computer exponentially |
F |
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The arithmetic/logic unit takes the commands and executes them and stores the results back in memory |
T |
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T/F - The BIOS program is a computer program that is permanently written on the BIOS Chip |
T |
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T/F - The BIOS program is in control of the computer at all times |
F |
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T/F - The computer operating system executes its own boot process when the BIOS program is finished running |
F |
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T/F - The control unit and the logic unit are not located in the CPU |
F |
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T/F - The control unit is responsible for fetching instructions from memory and decoding them into commands that the computer can understand |
T |
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List 10 peripherals |
Mouse Keyboard printer speakers monitor microphone webcam joystick scanner projector
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Describe the start up sequence |
Once machine receives power, BIOS complete the POST, power on self test
Checks for appropriate amount of power needed
BIOS performs inventory of all hardware
Initializes OS |
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How many cycles is a GHz? |
1 billion |
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How many levels of cache are there? |
3 |
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Define hub |
hardware device in a network that broadcasts to all devices connected to it |
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Define router |
Most versatile; forwards data to its next destination |
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define switch |
forwards data to the specific destination |
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Define bandwidth |
The amount of data that can be transmitted in the network in a certain amount of time |
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Define TCP/IP |
Created by Vint Cerf and Bob Kann, regulates and control how data should be transmitted and allows devices to communicate with each other |
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Define HTTP |
Hyper Text Transfer Protocol regulates how the browser should communicate to various commands on the world wide web |
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Define network |
A group of connected computers via various hardware components that is used to transmit and share data |
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List the types of network cabling |
Coaxial Fiber Optics Cat 5 - Ethernet T-1, T-3 Phone Lines
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List the main components of networks |
Hardware, Software, and People |
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What are the two roles of people in networks? |
To send requests and to share data with each other |
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A problem solving process that includes the generation of random ideas |
Brainstorming |
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Show the direction of a relationship between main ideas on a concept map |
Arrows |
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The main ideas of a concept map |
Nodes |
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One of the four components of the SWOT Analysis that evaluates negative impacts from unplanned, unexpected, or unforeseen events |
Threats |
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Disadvantages or reasons against making a particular choice |
Cons |
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The rating given each item on a pros and cons chart that indicates its significance to the decision maker |
Weight |
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The process of trying various ways to solve a problem, learning from what didn't work and incorporating it in the next attempt |
Trial & Error |
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A problem solving process that analyzes the various components of a proposed course of action |
SWOT Analysis |
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Advantages or reasons for making that particular choice |
Pros |
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One of the four components of SWOT Analysis that evaluates the positive effects, capabilities, or consequences of the option |
Strength |
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The statement of what you are trying to achieve in your brainstorming process |
Objective |
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A graphic organizer that identifies main ideas and the relationships between them |
Concept map |
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The final and very important step in problem solving and decision making |
Evaluation |
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Main ideas or important terms |
Concepts |
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Can be the difference between where you are and where you want to be |
Problem |
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The area of cognitive psychology that studies the processes involved in solving problems |
Problem solving |
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One of the four components of the SWOT Analysis that evaluates the negative effects, lack of capabilities, or consequences of the option |
Weakness |
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Describe relationships between main ideas on a concept map |
Label |
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A problems solving process that incorporates ranking the advantages and disadvantages of an option or options being considered |
Pros and Cons |
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One of the four components of the SWOT Analysis that evaluates a proposed course of action |
Opportunites |
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What are the internal and external factors in SWOT? |
Internal - Strengths and weaknesses External - Opportunities and threats |
