Igc 2 Element 4

Front 1

Work equipment hazards (Acronym)

Back 1

Mechanical hazards: CSCS SPIT FADE

Crushing
Shearing (blunt)
Cutting
Severing (sharp)
Stabbing (still attached to machine)
Puncture (Ejected material)
Impact
Trapping
Friction (smooth burn)
Abrasion (rough graze)
Drawing in (body part)
Entanglement (hair, beards, material led to drawing in)

Front 2

Non mechanical hazards (Acronym)

Back 2

CENTRE

1. Chemical:
-Forms
-Classification
2. Electricity:
-Burns
-Shock
-Arcing
-Fire
-Explosion
3. Noise/Vibration
4. Temperature:
-Ambient (surrounding)
-Hot surfaces (equipment)
5. Radiation:
-Ionising
-Non ionising
6. Ergonomics

Front 3

Controls of work equipment (in order of effectiveness)
6

Back 3

1. Guards (F.I.A.T):
-fixed
-interlocking
-adjustable/self adjustable
-trip devices

2. Protective appliances:
-clamps
-jigs
-push sticks

3. Emergency stop button (manual)
Stop start buttons should be:
-well designed and easy to use
-Placed in a suitable location on equipment
-Easily identifiable
-Kept in good working order
-Compliant with relevant standards

4. P.P.E

5. I.T.I.S

6. Competent people

6a. (2p rule and Inspection, testing, maintenance)

Front 4

Maintenance staff are at more risk because?
5

Back 4

1. Guards and enclosures have to be removed to allow access
2. Safety devices have to be removed or disabled
3. Power sources may be exposed (electrical supply)
4. Stored power may accidentally be released
5. Handling of parts may be difficult (heavy objects)

Front 5

Trip device types
3

Back 5

1. Pressure mats - Mat place around machinery so if human steps onto it the machine stops operating
2. Trip bars - Wands or rods placed close to dangerous parts so when touched, will stop machine movement
3. Photoelectric devices - Shines beams of light across an access point. If the beams are broken, the machine is stopped.

Front 6

Fixed guard types
3

Back 6

1. Enclosing guard - shaped to fit the machine quite closely
2. Perimeter guard - like a fence around the machine
3. Distance guard - not possible to reach in and contact dangerous parts

Front 7

Interlocking guard:

Back 7

A protective device designed to be removed as a normal part of routine machine operation. A microwave has an interlocking hinged door at the front to allow easy access. While the door is open it will not operate.

Front 8

Adjustable/self adjustable guards:

Back 8

Used when it is not possible to prevent access to dangerous parts. ADJUSTABLE guards can be set to a range of positions by the operator depending on the nature of the workpiece and the operation being carried out.

A SELF ADJUSTABLE guard does the same thing but is sprung loaded or linked to other machine parts. The guard adjusts automatically e.g a chop saw.

Front 9

Trip devices:

Back 9

Trip devices are protective devices that do not put a physical barrier between the operator and the dangerous parts of machinery. Instead some form of sensor is used to detect the presence of the operator and stop the machine (not to stop entanglement but to reduce severity of injury).

Front 10

Limitations of Fixed, Interlocking, Adjustable and Trip device guards:
part 1

Back 10

Fixed guards: Prevents ease of access into machine, effects the machine setting, operation and cleaning. If this is the case the operator will remove the guard and be reluctant to place it back as it interferes with operation or settings of the machine.

Adjustable/self adjustable guards:
- Do not COMPLETELY prevent access to dangerous parts
- Very easy to defeat
- Rely 100% on operator competence

Front 11

Limitations of Fixed, Interlocking, Adjustable and Trip device guards:
part 2

Back 11

Interlocking guards: It is possible to bypass the system so that the machine can be operated with the guard open. Even complex interlocking systems can be overcome by a determined person. Though this can be overcome by good design and consideration of ‘run down’ times.

Trip devices (automatic):
Do not provide a physical barrier to prevent access
Can be over-ridden, e.g using platforms to span a pressure mat
May not operate fast enough to prevent harm (but may reduce the severity)
May be overly sensitive, leading to frequent trips which may result in operator bypassing it. Can be stressful and effects production.

Front 12

Basic characteristics of a guard or safety device:
6

Back 12

1. Strong and robust - to withstand the forces it may be subject to e.g rejection of parts
2. Compatible - must not interfere with machine operation
3. No rough or sharp edges
4. Not easy to defeat or bypass
5. Vision - must not interfere with any need to see in
6. Ease of maintenance - should be easy to maintain.