Human Development

Front 1

Was Piaget a stage theorist?

Back 1

Yes

Front 2

Are you more likely to prove Piaget or Freud's theories?

Back 2

Piaget

Front 3

Does Piaget believe that infants must be able to interact with the external world in order to develop cognitively?

Back 3

Yes

Front 4

What is Piaget's first stage of development?

Back 4

sensorimotor

Front 5

In what Piaget stage does the child achieve object permanence?

Back 5

sensorimotor

Front 6

In what Piaget stage does the child develop symbolic thought?

Back 6

pre-operational

Front 7

In the pre-operational stage, is the child still egocentric?

Back 7

Yes

Front 8

What are the final two stages of Piaget's theory of cognitive development?

Back 8

concrete operational (7-11)
formal operational (11 and above--> not all ppl reach this stage)

Front 9

Assimilation and Accomodation are how learning occurs according to ____

Back 9

Piaget

Front 10

Which theorist did the experiment with the Bobo doll?

Back 10

Bandura, demonstrated social modeling

Front 11

How is operant conditioning (skinner) different from unconditioned response?

Back 11

In operant conditioning you must choose to do an action, whereas in unconditioned response you don't have to

Front 12

Does behavorial development contribute to making it hard to quit smoking?

Back 12

Yes

Front 13

What is the biggest indicator of non-compliance?

Back 13

Depression, can be thought of as learned helplessness

Front 14

Kohlberg defines stages by morality. True or False?

Back 14

True

Front 15

According to Kohlberg men make it to what stage of the morality scale and women?

Back 15

men = stage 4
women = stage 3

Front 16

Kohlber's theory emphasizes _____ over other values

Back 16

justice, this was a criticism of his theory by Gilligan

Front 17

Is it true for Gilligan that changes in the sense of self rather than changes in cognitive ability drive the transitions between moral stages?

Back 17

Yes

Front 18

According to Gilligan, a woman giving up her career to raise her kids is part of what moral stage?

Back 18

Convention, where self-sacrifice is good

Front 19

What theorist posited that human language development was Nativist, that we naturally had a center for language in the brain?

Back 19

Chomsky

Front 20

Is there a sensitive/critical period for language development according to Chomsky even though he believed more in nature versus nuture?

Back 20

Yes, his period is need to activated the language acquisition center in the brain

Front 21

Is the corpus callosum bigger in men or women?

Back 21

women

Front 22

Does Piaget believe that language is a distinct part of cognition or does language development occur along with the child's general cognitive development?

Back 22

Language occurs along with child's general cognitive development

Front 23

Birth to 1 year is defined as the Pre-verbal period. True or False

Back 23

True

Front 24

Should you be concerned that there is no babbling or pointing/gestures in a child by 12 months?

Back 24

Yes

Front 25

By age 4 should 100% of speech be understandable from the child?

Back 25

Yes

Front 26

By what age should child say first word, achieve object permanence?

Back 26

12 months (1 year)

Front 27

Are nouns or verbs more common in stage 1 of speech development?

Back 27

nouns

Front 28

In what stage does use of syntax (word order) begin to occur for language development?

Back 28

stage 2

Front 29

In what stage of language development will there be more use of modifiers such as I want BLUE coat, rather than just I want coat?

Back 29

stage 3 (2-3 yrs)

Front 30

At what age should the child be able to tell you a story?

Back 30

6-7 years old

Front 31

What type of transmission happens between parent and child?

Back 31

Vertical transmission which could be biological transmission or cultural transmission

Front 32

The learning of cultural issues from peers is what type of cultural transmission?

Back 32

horizontal

Front 33

Teacher, adult, give you a sense of culture that isn’t typically a part of your view of life, but unlike your parents, they are only part of a subset of your culture. What type of cultural transmisson can this be?

Back 33

oblique cultural transmission

Front 34

Is enculturation part of your culture or another culture?

Back 34

your culture, takes less learning, kinda comes with the territory

Front 35

Teaching people what is appropriate in a cultural setting is _____
Gender is a good ex.

Back 35

socialization

Front 36

This process involves cultural and behavioral changes brought out through contact with those belonging to other cultures who many exhibit different behaviors

Back 36

acculturation

Front 37

Does enculturation or acculturation occur first usually?

Back 37

enculturation

Front 38

What percentage of Americans speak a language other than English in the home?

Back 38

13%

Front 39

Are factors proximal or distal to clinical processes more likely to create better treatment efficacy?

Back 39

proximal

Front 40

According to Freud, which of the following structures of the mind are completely developed in a normal 1 year old child?

Back 40

Id only

Front 41

Do Muslims or Jewish people usually eat pork?

Back 41

No

Front 42

Infants cannot vocalize until ___ weeks

Back 42

8

Front 43

Stranger anxiety develops around what month?

Back 43

8 months

Front 44

A hearing test should be given to a child if they are not saying 2 word phrases by age ___

Back 44

2

Front 45

Does Piaget believe that the 4 stages of child development is genetic or an active construction driven process?

Back 45

active construction driven process

Front 46

________--> tug of war between assimilation (taking information in) and accomodation (you have to change to fit into new challenge)

Back 46

assimilation

Front 47

________--> changing your internal way of thinking about things in order to adapt and learn

Back 47

accommodation

Front 48

____ occurs as a result of assimilation and accommodation

Back 48

adaptation

Front 49

During what years is a child in concrete operations?

Back 49

7-11 years

Front 50

Animism--> ascribing life to inanimate objects occurs in what stage of Piaget's developmental theory?

Back 50

pre-operational

Front 51

Trust vs. Mistrust is what stage according to Erikson?

Back 51

Infancy

Front 52

Kids should develop gender identity by 2.5 to 3 years. True of False?

Back 52

True

Front 53

What type of morality has grade school kids developed according to Kohlberg?

Back 53

conventional morality

Front 54

Symbolic thought begins to develop at what age?

Back 54

18 months

Front 55

For adolescents are peers or parents the fundamental influence in their lives?

Back 55

more likely peers

Front 56

Identity vs. Role Confusion happens in what phase of life according to Erikson?

Back 56

adolescence

Front 57

Inattention and hyperactivity can lead to a diagnosis of what?

Back 57

ADHD/ADD

Front 58

Suicide is the ____ leading cause of death for adolescents

Back 58

3rd

Front 59

torturing animals is common manifestation of _____ disorder

Back 59

conduct

Front 60

Between 25-50% of antisocial children become antisocial adults. True or False?

Back 60

True

Front 61

What is the mean onset age of anorexia?

Back 61

17 years

Front 62

Among African American men aged 25-44, what is the leading cause of death?

Back 62

HIV/AIDS

Front 63

What is the biggest challenge of young adulthood from ages 19-40 years old according to Erikson

Back 63

commitment, development of intimacy

Front 64

Confidence in ability to perform an action is known as ____

Back 64

self-efficacy

Front 65

You are defined to be in menopause after absence of menstration for __ year

Back 65

one

Front 66

Ego Integrity vs. Despair characterizes what stages for Erikson?

Back 66

65 years till death

Front 67

The testing stage happens between what two stages according to Kubler-Ross

Back 67

Depression and acceptance

Front 68

Development of Mullerian duct leads to the development of what sex?

Back 68

female

Front 69

Is Gender Identity or Gender Role influenced by differential exposure to pre-natal sex hormones and genetic influences?

Back 69

Gender Identity

Front 70

So stimulants such as amphetamines and cocain increase sexual interest and performance?

Back 70

yes, by stimulating dopaminergic systems

Front 71

Do seratonin increase or decrease sexual interest?

Back 71

decrease, therefore SSRIs can decrease sexual interest

Front 72

Is it true that with treatment with SSRIs, there could be increased incidence of orgasmic disorder?

Back 72

Yes

Front 73

Is cigarette smoking or alcohol intake more likely to affect sexual function?

Back 73

alcohol intake

Front 74

Someone who acts peculiar or avoids social relationships but is not psychotic suffers from what cluster of personality disorder?

Back 74

Cluster A

Front 75

Can antisocial personality disorder be diagnosed before 18 years of age?

Back 75

No, prior to age 18, the diagnosis is conduct disorder

Front 76

What is the expression of gender in the social context?

Back 76

Gender role

Front 77

What disorder is consistent with persistent identity with other gender?

Back 77

gender identity disorder

Front 78

A person is said to suffer from a ____ when they have repetitive, often distressing sexual fantasies, urges, or behaviors

Back 78

paraphilia

Front 79

What is the most commom paraphilia?

Back 79

pedophilia

Front 80

The squeeze technique can be used in treatment of what sexual dysfunction?

Back 80

premature ejaculation

Front 81

Dyspareunia is more commonly seen in men or women?

Back 81

women

Front 82

Which racial group is most likely to due from breast cancer?

Back 82

African American

Front 83

Which racial group is most likely to suffer from diabetes?

Back 83

American Indian/Alaska Native

Front 84

Since 2004, what among black women ages 25-34 is the leading cause of death?

Back 84

HIV

Front 85

Which racial group is most affected by new syphilis infections?

Back 85

African-American

Front 86

Which racial group is most likely to be infected with Hepatitis?

Back 86

Asian Americans

Front 87

Which racial group accounts for the most reported cases of TB?

Back 87

Asian Americans

Front 88

Is the suicide rate higher or lower in African Americans compared to whites?

Back 88

lower

Front 89

Diabetes is highest in what subgroup of Asians?

Back 89

Hawaiians

Front 90

Do Asians suffer from a higher level of acculturative stress?

Back 90

Yes

Front 91

Among what racial group is there higher levels of cervical cancer and smoking?

Back 91

Hispanics

Front 92

Is there more or less smoking with acculturation among Latinos?

Back 92

more

Front 93

Which group suffers the most from acute alcholism?

Back 93

Native Americans

Front 94

How much higher are suicide rates for Native American teens compared to whites?

Back 94

4X

Front 95

Are African American women more or less likely to be prescribed HAART?

Back 95

less likely

Front 96

1 in ___ Americans have a diagnosable mental disorder each year

Back 96

2

Front 97

About what percentage of children get help from suffering from a mental disorder?

Back 97

1/3

Front 98

What is the #1 disabling health condition worldwide?

Back 98

depression

Front 99

Are African Americans more or less likely to receive the diagnosis of schizophrenia than Caucasians/white?

Back 99

more

Front 100

Are non-whites and women more or less likely to be medicated for mental disorders?

Back 100

more

Front 101

Are men or women more likely to be diagnosed with schizophrenia?

Back 101

men

Front 102

Is Autism more severe in boys or girls usually?

Back 102

girls

Front 103

How is Asperger's different from Austism?

Back 103

No significant language delay
Later age on of onset

Front 104

Below what level does a person suffer from mild mental retardation?

Back 104

70

Front 105

Do you need a specially trained person to interpret a projective personality test?

Back 105

Yes

Front 106

The Vineland Social Maturity Scale is the most appropriate test for evaluating the self-care skills of mentally retarded individuals. True or False?

Back 106

True

Front 107

Systematic desensitization is usually used in the treatment of ____

Back 107

phobias

Front 108

When a 35 year old smoker is given an electric shock each time he is shown a videotape of a group of people smoking he is being treated with ___ conditioning

Back 108

aversive

Front 109

Are triangles good or bad in the family?

Back 109

bad, these are dysfunctional alliances between two family members against a third family member

Front 110

Is family therapy most effective for treating anorexia nervosa?

Back 110

Yes

Front 111

Biofeedback is a form of ___ conditioning

Back 111

operant

Front 112

Is it true that white men 65 years and older are more likely to committ suicide than any other group?

Back 112

yes

Front 113

An infant should be able to say mama, dada or other names by ___ months

Back 113

18

Front 114

People with what mental disorder are most likely to use illegal substances?

Back 114

bipolar disorder

Front 115

Nearly every recreational drug has an effect on the _____ pathway

Back 115

dopamine

Front 116

Nicotine affects what neurotransmitter?

Back 116

acetylcholine

Front 117

Alcohol activates the release of what neurotransmitter?

Back 117

GABA, alcohol is a depressant

Front 118

Delirium Tremens is caused by a ____ deficit

Back 118

dopamine
caused by the intake of alcohol
similar to symptoms of Parkinsons

Front 119

Over time does alcohol abuse cause an upregulation or downregulation of GABA receptors? How does this contribute to the symptoms of withdrawal?

Back 119

alcohol causes a downregulation of GABA receptors. once you take away alcohol the sedative/inhibitory effects of alcohol are lost and therefore the brain becomes overly excited due to lack of inhibitory GABA receptors, this causes withdrawal seizures

Front 120

Which NT contributes to the high of intoxication?

Back 120

seratonin

Front 121

How does cocaine affect the dopamine pathway?

Back 121

cocaine inhibits the reuptake of dopamine, hence causing an accumulation of dopamine at synaptic terminales

Front 122

What is the most commonly used illegal drug?

Back 122

marijuana

Front 123

Does caffeine dilate or constrict your blood vessels?

Back 123

dilate, that's why caffeine can sometimes relieve headaches, and withdrawal can cause headaches

Front 124

Are white women more or less likely to report domestic violence abuse compared to african american women?

Back 124

less likely

Front 125

Are divorced or separated people more or less likely to experience intimate partner victimization compared to never married people?

Back 125

more

Front 126

Isolation is a big social consequence of persistent abuse seen in ____

Back 126

children

Front 127

What is the difference between fighting and abuse?

Back 127

In fighting the two people have equal power
With abuse, one of the people have more power than the other, either physical or financial power

Front 128

Is dopamine associated with increased or decreased agression? What about GABA and seratonin?

Back 128

increased
decreased

Front 129

What is Kleptomania?

Back 129

impulse to take things without paying for them despite the fact that they are affordable
associated with bulimina nervosa patients, have a hard time controlling urges

Front 130

What drugs may be useful in treating impulsive and aggressive behavior?

Back 130

SSRIs, because aggressive and impulsive behaviors are associated with decreased serotonergic function

Front 131

Are injuries in the buttocks or back a sign that the child may be a victim of abuse?

Back 131

Yes, because these injuries are less likely to be obtained during play

Front 132

Is direct reporting by the physician of domestic partner abuse appropriate if the victim is a competent adult?

Back 132

No, physician should document abuse, but cannot make decision for the abused

Front 133

Sedatives usually work by increasing the activity of what NT?

Back 133

GABA

Front 134

Stimulants work by increasing the availability of ___ in the synapse

Back 134

dopamine

Front 135

Intense hunger is seen in withdrawal from ____

Back 135

amphetamines

Front 136

Elevated levels of cotinine suggests the person is an abuser of what?

Back 136

smoking

Front 137

Symbolic thought develops during what stage according to Piaget?

Back 137

pre-operational

Front 138

Is thinking still egocentric in the pre-operational years?

Back 138

Yes

Front 139

Social smiling should be seen at what month?

Back 139

2 months

Front 140

At 18 months should the child be displaying single or multiword phrases?

Back 140

multiword phrases begin to develop
trouble is seen if single word statements do not develop

Front 141

At about what age does Mahler's stage of rapproachment occur?

Back 141

18 months

Front 142

Cooperative play begins at about what age?

Back 142

4

Front 143

At what age does a child begin to understand the finality of death?

Back 143

6

Front 144

What percentage of children are termed difficult children?

Back 144

10%

Front 145

Do children in the pre-operational stage benefit from role playing medical procedures?

Back 145

Yes