Human Biology Final Exam Flashcards Muscular System

Front 1

antagonist

Back 1

muscles that act in opposition to an agonist/prime mover

Front 2

aponeurosis

Back 2

fibrous or membranous sheet connecting a muscle and the part ot moves

Front 3

atrophy

Back 3

a reduction in size or wasting away of an organ/cell resulting from disease

Front 4

contractility

Back 4

the ability to receive and respond stimulus

Front 5

fatigue

Back 5

state of continuous, partial muscle contraction

Front 6

fixator

Back 6

muscles acting to immobilize a joint or a bon

Front 7

flaccid

Back 7

soft, flabby; relaxed..muscle that lost its nerve supply

Front 8

hypertrophy

Back 8

increase in the size of tissue.organ independent of the body's general growth

Front 9

irritability

Back 9

ability to respond to a stimulus (to shorten when stimulus is received)

Front 10

isotonic

Back 10

having a uniform tension; of the same tone

Front 11

ligaments

Back 11

cord of fibrous tissue that connects bones

Front 12

muscle tone

Back 12

keeps the muscle healthy and ready to react

Front 13

prime mover

Back 13

muscle whose contraction are primarily responsible for a particular movement

Front 14

synergist

Back 14

muscle cooperating with another muscle to produce a desired movement

Front 15

tendons

Back 15

cord of dense fibrous tissue attaching a muscle to a bone

Front 16

how many muscles in the human body?

Back 16

600

Front 17

describe cardiac

Back 17

coordinated activity to act as a pump(in the heart) propels blood through blood vessels...uninucleated

Front 18

describe skeletal

Back 18

voluntarily, cells are long, cylindrical, multinucleated, striations

Front 19

describe smooth

Back 19

(visceral) no striations, found in hollow organs (stomach, bladder, uterus) (blood vessels)

Front 20

location and function:buccinator

Back 20

maxilla/mandible near molars
compresses cheek as in whistling and sucking

Front 21

location and function: deltoid

Back 21

scapular spine/ clavicle...abducts humerus

Front 22

location and function: diaphragm

Back 22

unpaired muscle that acts with the external intercostals to accomplish inspiration

Front 23

location and function: external oblique

Back 23

Location: The rectus abdominis runs the length of the torso from the pubic bone to mid-chest.
Function: Used for flexion: pulls the torso toward the hips and vice versa; responsible for tilt of pelvis.

Front 24

location and function:internal oblique

Back 24

Location: The internal oblique lies underneath the external oblique and runs diagonally in the opposite direction.
Function: Aids in twisting the torso: left internal is active when you twist to the left, aiding the right external oblique (and vice versa)

Front 25

location and function: gastrocnemius

Back 25

chief muscle of the calf leg, flexes the knee and foot. runs to the Achilles tendon

Front 26

location and function: gluteus maximus

Back 26

flex knee and extend hip

Front 27

location and function: gluteus medius

Back 27

one of the three common injection sites

Front 28

location and function: hamstrings

Back 28

tendons at the back of a person's knee

Front 29

location and function: masseter

Back 29

runs through the rear part of the cheek from temporal bone to the lower jaw and closes when chewing

Front 30

location and function: orbicularis oris

Back 30

kissing muscle

Front 31

location and function: orbicularis oculi

Back 31

muscle in the face that closes the eyelids

Front 32

location and function: pectoralis major

Back 32

prime mover and shoulder, flexion and adduction

Front 33

location and function: rectus abdominus

Back 33

straight muscle of the abdomen

Front 34

location and function: sternocleidomastoid

Back 34

prayer muscles

Front 35

location and function: sartorius trapezius

Back 35

allows you to shrug your shoulders

Front 36

location and function: tranverse abdomonis

Back 36

compresses abdomen

Front 37

location and function: vastis lateralis

Back 37

extends knee