Government 2305 Exam 4 Study Guide

Front 1

Campaign

Back 1

Organized effort to influence the decision making process within a specific group

Front 2

Coattail Effect

Back 2

Tendency for a popular political party leader to attract votes for other candidates of the same party

Front 3

Deep Throat

Back 3

The anonymous source (Mark Felt) in Washington Post investigation of Nixon's 1972 Watergate Scandal

Front 4

Delegates

Back 4

person designated to act or represent another person/official in certain things like a political convention

Front 5

Equal Time Rule

Back 5

specifies that the U.S. radio and television broadcast stations must provide equal time to all opposing political candidates

Front 6

4th Branch of The Government

Back 6

1. The Press, 2. The People, 3. Interest Groups

Front 7

Framing

Back 7

Aspects of the presentation of information about a problem that are assumed by decision makers

Front 8

Free Riders

Back 8

Individuals that consume more than their fair share of common resources or pay less than what is fair

Front 9

Gender Gap

Back 9

the difference in men and women voters

Front 10

Get Out The Vote (GOTV)

Back 10

An aim to increase the number of votes cast in one or more elections

Front 11

Hard Money

Back 11

Money contributed directly to the candidate, and must follow strict limits made by the FEC (The Federal Election Commission)

Front 12

Incumbent

Back 12

The current holder of a political office

Front 13

Interest Group

Back 13

Organized groups that try to influence the government to adopt certain policies or measures

Front 14

Iron Triangle

Back 14

1. Congressional Committees, 2. The Bureaucracy, 3. Interest Groups

Front 15

Leak

Back 15

Information leaked to the public prematurely

Front 16

Liberty

Back 16

Freedom of Choice

Front 17

Lobbying

Back 17

Attempt by private interest groups to influence the decisions of the government

Front 18

Material Benefits

Back 18

Tangible rewards that the people gain through the membership of an interest group

Front 19

Mobilization

Back 19

Attempt to Influence the existing distribution of power

Front 20

Motor Voter Act

Back 20

Requires all who are eligible to become voters when they obtain or renew a drivers license (1990-93)

Front 21

Plank

Back 21

Any of the states principles or objectives that may compromise the political platform of a party campaigning for en election

Front 22

Platform

Back 22

List of values/actions supported by a political party or individual candidate

Front 23

Political Efficacy

Back 23

Citizens' faith and(or) trust in their government and belief that they can understand and influence political decisions and affiliations

Front 24

Press Briefing

Back 24

Meeting called by the government to inform the press of something important

Front 25

Press Conference

Back 25

Interview granted to the media personnel by government official(s)

Front 26

Press Release

Back 26

Written of recorded communication directed at members of the news media to announce something newsworthy`

Front 27

Priming

Back 27

When the media effect and/or alters the standards by which people/voters evaluate candidates

Front 28

Public Opinion Polls

Back 28

Poll taken by sampling a cross section of the public to predict election results

Front 29

Raiding

Back 29

Where one party votes in another party's primary in order to mess with the candidate nominations ( like nominating a weaker candidate)

Front 30

Robo-Calls

Back 30

An automated phone-call that delivers a recorder message on behalf of a political candidate

Front 31

Rock The Vote

Back 31

A non-profit organization with the mission of engaging the youth to vote

Front 32

Soft Money

Back 32

Money given to a political party/candidate in with no given limits

Front 33

Suffrage

Back 33

The right for women to vote gained through the democratic process

Front 34

Town Meeting

Back 34

Democratic rule where most or all members of a community meet to discuss legislative policy and budgets for the local government

Front 35

Turnout

Back 35

The percentage of eligible voters who cast a ballot in an election

Front 36

Watergate

Back 36

The Nixon Administration cover-up of the 1972 break-in at the the DNC (The Democratic National Committee) headquarters in Watergate.

Front 37

Cross-Over Voting

Back 37

When the voters cast ballots for a party with which they are not traditionally affiliated

Front 38

Prospective Voting

Back 38

Voters who decide to vote for a certain political party based on their distinct stances on certain issues

Front 39

Retrospective Voting

Back 39

voting made after taking into consideration factors like the performance of a political party/office holder

Front 40

Split Ticket Voting

Back 40

Vote for different political parties for for certain different reasons on a general election ballot

Front 41

Straight Ticket Voting

Back 41

Voting for every candidate that a political party has on a general election ballot

Front 42

John Adams

Back 42

Federal Party candidate that was defeated in the 1800 Election

Front 43

The War Room

Back 43

The name of the office at Wal Mart headquarters that is dedicated to lobbying government officials

Front 44

Ted Turner

Back 44

Founder Of CNN

Front 45

Anti-Masonic Party

(1832)

Back 45

The name of the 1st United States Third party

Front 46

Thomas Jefferson

(1801)

Back 46

First President elected by a political party system

Front 47

Ross Perot

(1992)

Back 47

Presidential candidate that garnered 19% of the vote in his presidential election in ______

Front 48

Demzilla

(165 Million)

Back 48

Name of the Democratic Party's mainframe computer that has over _________ people documented

Front 49

Abraham Lincoln

Back 49

President who briefly served while a member of the Whig Party.

Front 50

Federal Communications Commission (FCC)

Back 50

Name of the Federal Agency that regulates airwaves

Front 51

General Electric (GE)

Back 51

Owner NBC, MSNBC, and CNBC until 2013

Front 52

Bob Dole

(1996)

Back 52

Presidential candidate in the ______ election that became a lobbyist promoting Viagra on behalf of Pfizer.

Front 53

Rupert Murdoch

Back 53

Founder of News Corp. (Parent of FOX News)

Front 54

Herbert Hoover

Back 54

President of The United States that created the White House Office of the PressSecretary

Front 55

Valerie Plane & Joseph Wilson

Back 55

Husband and Wife team, supported by the press, that claimed that the Bush Administration was lying about the war in Iraq

Front 56

Howard Stern

(1990)

Back 56

Individual responsible for at least half of the total fines issued by the FCC since the year _____

Front 57

William Hearst

(Yellow Journalism)

Back 57

Media Giant credited by many for pushing the United States into the Spanish-American War

Front 58

Microsofted

Back 58

Word to describe what happens to a business that does not engage in Lobbying

Front 59

Voter Vault

(200 Million)

Back 59

Name of the Republican Party's mainframe computer that has over ________ people documented

Front 60

George Gallup

(1993)

Back 60

Individual who defeated Literary Digest in the _____ Presidential Election by using a new method of polling

Front 61

71%

Back 61

Percentage of American who could not name their number of senators to the House of Representatives

Front 62

Over 36 Million

Back 62

Number of members that The American Association of Retired Persons (AARP) claims to have

Front 63

$3 Billion

Back 63

Amount of money spent by all presidential candidates during the 2008 Campaign

Front 64

Over 34K

Back 64

The number of Federally registered lobbyists in Washington, DC in 2008

Front 65

64%

Back 65

The voter turnout percentage for the 1960 Presidential Election

Front 66

1860

Back 66

The year that the current two-system began it's domination of the United States political Process

Front 67

Italy with 90%

Back 67

Western Nation with the highest percentage of voter participation in national elections

Front 68

2%

Back 68

The percentage of cities that had competing newspapers in 1990

Front 69

1900

Back 69

The approximate number of television stations in the United States

Front 70

83%

Back 70

The percentage of newspapers that were independently owned in 1940

Front 71

500

Back 71

The number of cities that had competing newspapers in 1923

Front 72

200

Back 72

The number of daily newspapers that were independently owned in 2004

Front 73

Every 5 Years

Back 73

The frequency that broadcasting rights for television and radio programs must be renewed

Front 74

24%

Back 74

The percentage of newspapers that were independently owned in 1990

Front 75

Over 100K

Back 75

The number of voting precincts located across the nation

Front 76

Every 4 years

Back 76

The frequency of Party National Conventions

Front 77

1960

(Nixon Vs. Kennedy)

Back 77

The year of the first televised presidential debate

Front 78

60%

Back 78

The percentage of 18-29 year olds who were getting their news from television in 2008

Front 79

6AM- 10PM

Back 79

The time-frame during the day when explicit references are restricted

Front 80

3

Back 80

The number of presidential elections where the popular vote contradicted the Electoral College vote

Front 81

Over 80%

Back 81

The percentage of newspaper circulations carried out by conglomerates

Front 82

20%

Back 82

The percentage of radio stations that are dedicated to talk radio

Front 83

1400

Back 83

The approximate number of daily newspapers

Front 84

1934

Back 84

The year that the Federal Communications Commission (the FCC) was created

Front 85

46%

Back 85

The percentage of 18-29 year olds who go their news from the internet in 2008

Front 86

$5 Million

Back 86

The approximate number of fines issued by the Federal Communications Commission (The FCC) between 1990 and 2010

Front 87

12

Back 87

The number of cities that had competing newspapers in 2004

Front 88

11%

Back 88

The percentage of the public that carries a favorable view of the Media

Front 89

70 Years Old

Back 89

The peak age of people where the greatest amount of voting activity generally takes place

Front 90

25%

Back 90

The percentage of young people who are getting their news from Comedy Shows

Front 91

7%

Back 91

The percentage of news reporters who identify themselves at being conservative

Front 92

The Philippines

(73%)

Back 92

The country whose citizens have the most positive view of the US

Front 93

60%

Back 93

The percentage of Americans who knew that every states has two senators

Front 94

1834

Back 94

The year that the first attempt at a poll was made to try to predict the winner of a presidential election

Front 95

Lobbying

Back 95

What many spouses that are married to members of Congress do for a living

Front 96

1. Nomination Phase

2. Personal Phase

3. Organizational Phase

4. Media Phase

5. The General Election Phase

Back 96

5 Parts of a Campaign Cycle

Front 97

1. Computer

2. Smartphone

3. Television

Back 97

3 Items Categorized as Electronic Media Sources

Front 98

1. Type of country where a single party rules

2. Two parties consistently dominate

3. Three parties dominate

Back 98

The Three Partyisms

Front 99

The Disturbance Theory

Back 99

A political postulation by David Truman on interest groups and their influence on the government, as well as other interest groups

Front 100

1. Government Division

2. Organizational Division

3. Party Electorate Division

Back 100

The 3 Levels of Party Organization

Front 101

1. Family

2. School

3. Mass Media

4. Religion

Back 101

4 of the 8 Political Socialization Factors

Front 102

1. Polling

2. Broadcast Media

3. Direct Mail

4. Internet

Back 102

4 of the 6 Acts Considered High-Tech Politics

Front 103

1. People think their vote won't matter

2. Too busy

3. Don't like any of the candidates

4. Lines to vote are too long

Back 103

4 Common Reasons Given for Not Voting

Front 104

1. Participation in Political Discussions

2. Petitions

3. Writing letters to elected officials

4. Serving as a Juror

Back 104

4 Forms of Political Participation Available to Citizens

Front 105

Economic Interest Groups

Back 105

The Type of Interest Group Seeking to Influence the Government

Front 106

1. Midterm Elections

2. General Elections

3. Referendum Elections

Back 106

3 Types of Elections that Take Place Across the Nation

Front 107

Midterm Elections

Back 107

Elections held two years after the quadrennial (AKA halfway through a term)

Front 108

General Elections

Back 108

Regular election of candidates for office

Front 109

Referendum Elections

Back 109

A direct vote in which an entire Electorate is asked to vote on a particular proposal

Front 110

1. Open Primary

2. Closed Primary

3. Caucus Primary

Back 110

3 Types of Primaries that Take Place Across the Nation

Front 111

Open Primary

Back 111

A primary election where voters are not required to declare party affiliation

Front 112

Closed Primary

Back 112

An election limited to registered party members

Front 113

Caucus (Primary)

Back 113

A system of local gatherings where voters decide which candidate to support and select delegates to represent them