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89 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hawaiian Annexation (sugar farmers) |
it was an ideal place where the government could set up trade routes as well as military bases so the U.S. annexed it |
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Spanish American War
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A quick victory for the United States that gave them a new role as a world power |
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American Federation of Labor |
People who individualized unions; only open to skilled workers |
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Populist Party |
A political movement that involved farmers who wanted free coinage of silver, abolition of national banks, a subtreasury scheme or some similar system, a graduated income tax, plenty of paper money, government ownership of all forms of transportation and communication, election of Senators by direct vote of the people, non-ownership of land by foreigners, civil service reform, a working day of eight hours, postal banks, pensions, revision of the law of contracts, and reform of immigration regulations |
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Robber Barons (AKA Captains of Industry) |
businessmen who dominated their respective industries- taking the majority of the money for the boss and the minority of money goes to the employees |
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Laissez faire |
Little government regulation of the economy |
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Monopoly |
Total control of a business or product |
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Trust |
A device by which several corporations in the same business work to eliminate competition and regulate prices |
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Social Darwinism |
The belief that societies evolve over time by adapting to their environment; government regulation threatened the natural economic order (survival of the fittest) |
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Nativism |
The policy of protecting the interests of native-born or established inhabitants against those of immigrants |
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Xenophobia |
intense or irrational dislike or fear of people from other countries |
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Muckrakers |
A journalist who exposes unfair business practices or social problems |
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Referendums |
Laws proposed by legislature and voted on by citizens |
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Roosevelt Corollary |
An addition to the Monroe Doctrine stating that the United States will intervene in all conflicts between Europe and Latin America |
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Booker T. Washington |
An African American educator involved in the Civil Rights Movement; created the Atlanta compromise and later became an adviser to the president |
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W.E.B. Dubois |
An African American activist who co-founded the Niagara movement (a black Civil Rights organization) but opposed The Atlanta Compromise |
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Franz Ferdinand Assassination |
Syrian person shot and killed Austria leader Franz Ferdinand; showed the European powers that their way of thinking was not going to work; (they hoped that no nation would attack another out of fear that the attacked nation’s allies would fight) |
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Scopes Trial |
John T. Scopes (a teacher) sought to teach Darwinism and evolution to his students; created a controversial trial on whether school should teach evolution vs. creation |
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Red Scare |
The fear that communism can socialism would spread from Russia to the U.S. |
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Black Tuesday |
The day the stock market crashed |
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Zimmerman Telegram |
A telegram from Germany to Mexico to try to convince them to declare war on the United States; Mexico declined and warned America |
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Fourteen Points |
Woodrow Wilson’s attempt to ensure that a war like World War I would not happen again; called for peace among nations; applied the principles of progressiveness to foreign policy |
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Urbanization |
American’s population shifts to city-based living |
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The Great Migration |
The migration of blacks from the South to the North after they were freed from slavery for job opportunities as well as escaping the KKK |
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Harlem Renaissance |
A period of black artistic accomplishment; several different African American artist were made famous |
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National Origins Act |
A strict federal law that limited the number of immigrants who could be admitted from any country
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New Deal
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Federal government approved and financed programs that battled the depression; affordable through raising taxes and inflation
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Court Packing (FDR) |
a controversial plan to expand the Supreme Court to as many as 15 judges, allegedly to make it more efficient
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Herbert Hoover
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President during the Great Depression; thought that relief should come largely through voluntary cooperation rather than federal efforts; lowered taxes to stimulate the economy as well as loaned money to railroads and banks in attempts to help unemployment rates
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Franklin D. Roosevelt |
U.S. president through the Great Depression and World War II; established Social Security, decreased unemployment from 25% to 2%, protected the livelihoods of laborers and farmers, and created the New Deal
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Hitler invades Poland
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Kicks off the beginning of World War II
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Pearl Harbor |
Japanese attack on a U.S. naval base in Hawaii; major United States defeat; led to the creation of Japanese-American internment camps
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Battle of Midway |
The first Pacific battle that was completely in air, sinking each other's aircraft (between Japan and the U.S.)
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D-Day |
Battle on the beaches of Normandy in France; marked the beginning of the end of World War II
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Okinawa
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The closest island to Japan; Last & Biggest battle in the Pacific
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Hiroshima/Nagasaki |
Locations where the atomic bombs were dropped in Japan
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Nuremberg Trials
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The process of punishing Nazi leaders for their crimes after World War II
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Battle of Britain |
Germany started attacking British forces with aircraft; Britain won using technology to detect oncoming planes
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Lend-Lease Act
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United States policy that gave Britain the chance to receive aid from the U.S. without having to pay
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Blitzkrieg |
German war tactic of using an overwhelming amount of air attacks and fast strikes
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Island Hopping
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The strategy of taking over nearby islands in attempts to build up their own empire
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Concentration Camps |
Camps that were created in America where Japanese-Americans were transported to after Pearl Harbor for fear that they could be helping Japan
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Final Solution
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Name Nazis gave to the Holocaust; resulted in the death of 6 million Jews
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Israel |
Palestine land given to the Jewish people after the Holocaust
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Eisenhower
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United States soldier for D-Day; fought in the European Side of World War II
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Hitler |
German leader of the Nazis; led Germany into World War II
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Code Talkers
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Navajo radio operators that used their native language as a type of spy language
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Aryan race |
A type of racial grouping used to describe people of European and Western Asia heritage; Hitler’s idea of the perfect race as blonde hair and blue eyed
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Gypsy
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a member of a traveling people with dark skin and hair who speak Romany and traditionally live by seasonal work, itinerant trade, and fortune-telling. Gypsies are now found mostly in Europe, parts of North Africa, and North America, but are believed to have originated in South Asia; a nomadic or free-spirited person
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Potsdam Conference |
The conference in where Joseph Stalin, Winston Churchill and Harry Truman met in Potsdam to negotiate terms for the end of World War II
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Warsaw Pact
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The treaty between Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and the Soviet Union, which was signed in Poland in 1955 and was officially called 'The Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance'; a military treaty which bound its signatories to come to the aid of the others, should any one of them be the victim of foreign aggression
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Korean War |
75,000 soldiers from the North Korean People’s Army poured across the 38th parallel; the first military action of the Cold War; American troops had entered the war on South Korea’s behalf; a war against the forces of international communism itself; 5 million soldiers and civilians lost their lives during the war
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Sputnik
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The first satellite launched into space; kicks off the space race
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38th Parallel |
Boundary between the Soviet-backed Democratic People’s Republic of Korea to the north and the pro-Western Republic of Korea to the south
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Containment
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A United States policy using numerous strategies to prevent the spread of communism
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Berlin Wall |
A barbed wire and concrete wall between East and West Berlin; later torn down but remains a symbol of the Cold War
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Truman Doctrine
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The principle that the US should give support to countries or peoples threatened by Soviet forces or communist insurrection; Was seen by the communists as an open declaration of the Cold War
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Suez Canal / Egypt |
An artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea through the Isthmus of Suez
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Marshall Plan
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An American initiative to aid Western Europe, in which the United States gave over $12 billion (approximately $120 billion in current dollar value as of June 2016) in economic support to help rebuild Western European economies after the end of World
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NATO (AKA North Atlantic Treaty Organization) |
an intergovernmental military alliance based on the North Atlantic Treaty which was signed on 4 April 1949; constitutes a system of collective defence whereby its member states agree to mutual defence in response to an attack by any external party
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House Un-American Activities Committee
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Committee of the U.S. House of Representatives; created to investigate disloyalty and subversive organizations
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Kruschev |
a politician who led the Soviet Union during part of the Cold War; called for the construction of the Berlin Wall
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Nixon
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The 37th U.S. president; the first to officially resign from office; Nixon ended American involvement in the war in Vietnam in 1973; Caught in the Watergate Scandal as well as the Saturday Night Massacre
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John F. Kennedy |
Started as a democratic congressman’ became the 35th U.S. president; took vigorous action in the cause of equal rights, calling for new civil rights legislation
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Brown v. Board of Education |
Resulted in ban of racial segregation in schools
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Little Rock |
Where a group of nine African American students enrolled in a dominantly white school; followed by the Little Rock Crisis, in which the students were initially prevented from entering the racially segregated school
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Montgomery Bus Boycott
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A boycott of the Montgomery, Alabama bus system in response to the racial segregation of city buses
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Nixon visits China |
The U.S. and China agreed to expand cultural contacts between their nations; Nixon established a permanent U.S. trade mission in China
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Freedom Rides
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Civil rights activists who rode interstate buses into the segregated southern United States in 1961
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Apollo Space Program |
Designed to land humans on the Moon and bring them safely back to Earth
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Cuban Missile Crisis
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Confrontation between the U.S. and the Soviet Union over Soviet missiles in Cuba
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War on Poverty |
The unofficial name for legislation first introduced by United States President Lyndon B. Johnson during his State of the Union address
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Civil Rights Act of 1964
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Act signed into law that banned discrimination in employment and in public accommodations
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Voting Rights Act of 1965 |
Aimed to overcome legal barriers at the state and local levels that prevented African Americans from exercising their right to vote under the 15th Amendment (1870) to the Constitution of the United States
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Counter Culture 1965
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The culture and lifestyle of those people, especially among the young, who reject or oppose the dominant values and behavior of society.
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MLK |
An American Baptist minister and activist who was a leader in the African-American Civil Rights Movement; believed in the advancement of civil rights through nonviolent civil disobedience
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Southern Christian Leadership Conference:
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An African-American civil rights organization; closely associated with its first president, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.;had a large role in the American Civil Rights Movement |
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Cesar Chavez |
Led the Spanish revolution that demanded better working conditions; cofounded the National Farm Workers Association
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Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
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A joint resolution that the United States Congress passed in response to the Gulf of Tonkin incident; gave broad congressional approval for expansion of the Vietnam War
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The Gulf War (Kuwait) |
War waged by coalition forces from 34 nations led by the United States against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait
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Operation Iraqi Freedom (WMDs)
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Authorized mission to rid Iraq of tyrannical dictator Saddam Hussein and eliminate Hussein's ability to develop weapons of mass destruction
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Fall of Berlin Wall (end of cold war) |
Movement led by Gorbachev to tear down the wall that separated the two part of Berlin; allowed people to cross the border between the two cities
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War Powers Act
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Law that set a 60-day limit on the presidential commitment of U.S. Troops to foreign conflicts
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SALT I & SALT II |
Discussion between the U.S. and the Soviet Union which set limits on certain kinds of nuclear weapons
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Detente
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Efforts taken by Nixon to lower the tensions of the Cold War
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OPEC (AKA Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries) |
Organization that coordinates petroleum policies of major producing countries
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Domino Theory
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The belief that if Vietnam fell to communists, other countries of Southeast Asia would fall
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NAFTA (AKA North American Free Trade Agreement) |
Agreement between Canada, The U.S. and Mexico; became a large free-trade zone
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Al Qaeda
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Osama Bin Laden’s terrorist network; responsible for 9/11 attacks
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