Exam 5 Bio 101

Front 1

Homeostasis refers to

Back 1

Stable internal environment

Front 2

Active regulation of the osmotic pressure of an organism's body fluids

Back 2

Osmoregulation

Front 3

The functional units of the kidneys are

Back 3

Nephrons

Front 4

The ducts in the kidney that collects urine is the

Back 4

Renal pelvis

Front 5

Upon inhalation air moves: Nobody Can Leave The Big BitcheS Alone

Back 5

Nasal cavity > larynx > trachea > bronchi > bronchioles > alveoli

Front 6

The concentration of smooth muscles that moves food down the esophagus

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Peristalsis

Front 7

What is the function of the enzyme salivary and amylase

Back 7

Digestive enzyme that acts on starch in foods

Front 8

The breaking up of a fat

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Emulsification

Front 9

Where the digestion of proteins fats and carbohydrates is completed

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Small intestine

Front 10

Salivary glands liver pancreas and the gallbladder are

Back 10

Accessory organs

Front 11

This filters the blood coming from the digestive tract

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Liver

Front 12

Stores and concentrate bile

Back 12

Gallbladder

Front 13

Capillary exchange of gases occur in the

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Lung alveoli for the process of diffusion

Front 14

Vertebrate heart consists of two pumps

Back 14

One for pulmonary and the other for systemic circulation

Front 15

The heart has

Back 15

Two atria and two ventricles

Front 16

Deoxygenated blood enters the

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Right atrium of the heart

Front 17

The sequence of events that occurs when the heart beats

Back 17

Cardiac cycle

Front 18

When the heart pumps blood into arteries

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Systole

Front 19

Heart relax and fills with blood

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Diastole

Front 20

Blank take, and blank return

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Arteries take, and veins return

Front 21

Adrenal glands are associated with

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Kidneys

Front 22

Make more pth, in response to low calcium

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Parathyroid

Front 23

Releases a steady amount of thyroid hormones into the bloodstream

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Thyroid glands

Front 24

What are the three types of muscles

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Cardiac smooth and skeletal

Front 25

Smooth muscles have no

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Striations

Front 26

Smooth muscles are not under

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Voluntary control

Front 27

Dendrites receive signals from

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Other neurons

Front 28

Axons propagate the signal from the blank and are covered with blank

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Cell body, and myelin sheath

Front 29

What is responsible for Immediate response and controls heart rate

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Sympathetic nervous system

Front 30

Parasympathetic nervous system allows an animal

Back 30

Slows down heart rate and stimulates digestion

Front 31

Are viruses living or nonliving

Back 31

Non, they require a living cell

Front 32

Capsid is

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The protein shell of a virus

Front 33

Live vaccines are made by

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Weakening of the disease-causing virus by growing in the laboratory

Front 34

Reverse transcriptase enzyme helps at synthesizing

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DNA from viral RNA

Front 35

Antiretroviral drugs Target the

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Reverse transcriptase enzyme of HIV

Front 36

Nonspecific defense mechanisms, immediately or within hours

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Innate immune system

Front 37

Activated by exposure to pathogens, remembers the pathogens

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Adaptive immune system

Front 38

The first line of defense against pathogens

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Skin

Front 39

Large group of proteins secreted by cells of immune system

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Cytokines

Front 40

Interferons are the immune systems response to

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Viral infections

Front 41

NK cells identify the infections from virus by the

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Altered expression MHC I molecules

Front 42

Cell mediated immune response is controlled by

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T cells

Front 43

Humoral immune response is controlled by

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B cells

Front 44

T cells undergo maturation in the

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Thymus gland

Front 45

B cells secrete proteins called blank that bind to and inactivate antigens

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Antibodies

Front 46

T cells directly attack

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Foreign particles

Front 47

Blank mediate the cellular immune response

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Antigen presenting cells

Front 48

Process antigen material and presented on the cell surface

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Dendritic cell

Front 49

Directly attack and Destroy infected cells

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Cytotoxic cells

Front 50

Filters the foreign particles circulating in the blood

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Spleen

Front 51

Analogy is immune response that occurs even though

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No harmful pathogens present

Front 52

Pollen allergies an example of

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Immediate hypersensitivity

Front 53

Hypersensitivity to self antigens is called

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Autoimmunity

Front 54

Molecular mimicry is a potential cause

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Autoimmunity

Front 55

Fission, budding, fragmentation, and parthenogenesis

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Different types of asexual reproduction

Front 56

External fertilization is common in

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Aquatic species like fish

Front 57

Zona pellucida as a binding site for

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The sperm head

Front 58

The process of gastrulation results in the

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Formation of three germ layers

Front 59

Sperm production occurs in the

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Seminiferous tubules

Front 60

Semen includes sperm and secretions from the

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Prostate gland, seminal vesicles, and bulbourethral gland

Front 61

Ovaries, oviducts, uterus and the vagina are the

Back 61

Internal female reproductive structures

Front 62

Once eggs mature in the ovary they are released from

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The follicle

Front 63

Fertilization occurs in

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Oviduct

Front 64

Supports the developing embryo and fetus during gestation

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Uterus

Front 65

The production of egg and sperm involving the process of meiosis which halves the chromosome number

Back 65

Gametogenesis

Front 66

Ovary -> oviduct -> uterus -> vagina

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Passage of the egg

Front 67

The process of releasing an egg from the ovary

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Ovulation

Front 68

These stimulates spermatogenesis and testosterone secretion

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LH and FSH

Front 69

Secretes progesterone and estrogen

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Corpus luteum

Front 70

A surge in LH is responsible for

Back 70

Ovulation